ASTM F1780-18
(Guide)Standard Guide for Estimating Oil Spill Recovery System Effectiveness
Standard Guide for Estimating Oil Spill Recovery System Effectiveness
ABSTRACT
This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water. The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning for and responding to oil spills. In evaluating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems used in response to oil spills, many factors need to be considered of which skimmer performance is but one. The objective of this guide is to describe a range of factors that must be considered in estimating recovery system effectiveness. Response strategies will depend to some extent on the type of spill. The spill scenario should be defined as to whether it is an instantaneous or continuous release, whether or not the spill has ceased flowing, and whether the spill is contained or uncontained. The following oil slick properties must be specified for the spill scenario: spill volume; area; slick thickness; slick viscosity; and emulsification.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning for and responding to oil spills.
1.3 Sections of this guide describe calculation procedures for estimating recovery system effectiveness. It should be understood that any such calculations cannot be expected to predict system performance, but are intended to provide a common basis for comparing system performance.
1.4 One of the main reasons that the calculation procedures cannot be used to predict system performance is that the analysis is sensitive to assumptions made on the properties of the oil slick, and particularly the changes in slick thickness and emulsification. It is emphasized that the purpose of this guide is not to provide a standard method for estimating slick property changes, but rather to provide a standard guide for using that information in comparing system performance.
1.5 Consideration should be given to alternative means of estimating response system effectiveness, such as Genwest 2012. 2
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1780 − 18
Standard Guide for
1
Estimating Oil Spill Recovery System Effectiveness
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimat- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that
F625PracticeforClassifyingWaterBodiesforSpillControl
may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water. Systems
F631Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with
Controlled Environments
information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup
F808Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning
4
Uncontrolled Environments (Withdrawn 1997)
for and responding to oil spills.
F1523Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With
1.3 Sections of this guide describe calculation procedures
Water Body Classifications
for estimating recovery system effectiveness. It should be
understood that any such calculations cannot be expected to
3. Terminology
predict system performance, but are intended to provide a
3.1 Definitions:
common basis for comparing system performance.
3.1.1 advancing skimmer, n—a skimmer that is designed to
1.4 One of the main reasons that the calculation procedures
be used to sweep out the spill area.
cannot be used to predict system performance is that the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The skimmer may be independent or
analysis is sensitive to assumptions made on the properties of
maybeattachedtocontainmentboomtoincreasesweepwidth.
theoilslick,andparticularlythechangesinslickthicknessand
In some cases, the skimmer may not be attached to the boom
emulsification. It is emphasized that the purpose of this guide
but is positioned in the pocket of the boom for skimming. As
is not to provide a standard method for estimating slick
long as the skimmer operates while moving, it is considered to
property changes, but rather to provide a standard guide for
be an advancing skimmer. Some skimmers are used in both an
using that information in comparing system performance.
advancing and stationary mode. These are classified according
1.5 Consideration should be given to alternative means of
to their application.
estimating response system effectiveness, such as Genwest
3.1.2 contained spills, n—a spill that is restricted from
2
2012.
spreading by containment boom or natural means.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3 oil slick encounter rate, n—the volume of oil slick per
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
unittimeactivelyencounteredbytheoilspillrecoverysystem,
standard.
3
and therefore available for containment and recovery (m /h).
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 oil spill recovery system, n—a combination of devices
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that operate together to recover spilled oil; the system would
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
include some or all of the following components: (1) contain-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ment boom, (2) skimmer, (3) support vessels to deploy and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
operate the boom and skimmer, (4) discharge/transfer pumps,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(5) oil/water separator, (6) temporary storage devices, and (7)
shore based storage/disposal.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
F20.12 on Removal. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published February 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1780–97 (2010). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1780-18. the ASTM website.
2 4
GenwestSystems,INC.2012.EDRCProjectFinalReport.PreparedforBureau The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. Sterling, VA. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1780 − 97 (Reapproved 2018) F1780 − 18
Standard Guide for
1
Estimating Oil Spill Recovery System Effectiveness
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimating the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that may
be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup equipment.
It is intended for use by those involved in planning for and responding to oil spills.
1.3 Sections of this guide describe calculation procedures for estimating recovery system effectiveness. It should be understood
that any such calculations cannot be expected to predict system performance, but are intended to provide a common basis for
comparing system performance.
1.4 One of the main reasons that the calculation procedures cannot be used to predict system performance is that the analysis
is sensitive to assumptions made on the properties of the oil slick, and particularly the changes in slick thickness and emulsification.
It is emphasized that the purpose of this guide is not to provide a standard method for estimating slick property changes, but rather
to provide a standard guide for using that information in comparing system performance.
2
1.5 Consideration should be given to alternative means of estimating response system effectiveness, such as Genwest 2012.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control Systems
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Controlled Environments
4
F808 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Uncontrolled Environments (Withdrawn 1997)
F1523 Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With Water Body Classifications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 advancing skimmer, n—a skimmer that is designed to be used to sweep out the spill area.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The skimmer may be independent or may be attached to containment boom to increase sweep width. In some cases, the skimmer
may not be attached to the boom but is positioned in the pocket of the boom for skimming. As long as the skimmer operates while
moving, it is considered to be an advancing skimmer. Some skimmers are used in both an advancing and stationary mode. These
are classified according to their application.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.12
on Removal.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018Nov. 1, 2018. Published September 2018February 2019. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
F1780 – 97 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/F1780-97R18.10.1520/F1780-18.
2
Genwest Systems, INC. 2012. EDRC Project Final Report. Prepared for Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. Sterling, VA.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1780 − 18
3.1.2 contained spills, n—a spill that is restricted from spreading by containment boom or natural means.
3.1.3 oil slick encounter rate, n—the volume of oil slick per unit time actively encountered by the oil spill recovery system, and
3
therefore available for containment and recovery (m /h).
3.1.4 oil spill recovery system, n—a c
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1780 − 18
Standard Guide for
1
Estimating Oil Spill Recovery System Effectiveness
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1780; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This guide covers the key factors to consider in estimat-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing the effectiveness of containment and recovery systems that F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control
may be used to assist in the control of oil spills on water.
Systems
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user with
Controlled Environments
information on assessing the effective use of spill-cleanup
F808 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
equipment. It is intended for use by those involved in planning
4
Uncontrolled Environments (Withdrawn 1997)
for and responding to oil spills.
F1523 Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With
1.3 Sections of this guide describe calculation procedures
Water Body Classifications
for estimating recovery system effectiveness. It should be
understood that any such calculations cannot be expected to
3. Terminology
predict system performance, but are intended to provide a
3.1 Definitions:
common basis for comparing system performance.
3.1.1 advancing skimmer, n—a skimmer that is designed to
1.4 One of the main reasons that the calculation procedures
be used to sweep out the spill area.
cannot be used to predict system performance is that the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The skimmer may be independent or
analysis is sensitive to assumptions made on the properties of
may be attached to containment boom to increase sweep width.
the oil slick, and particularly the changes in slick thickness and
In some cases, the skimmer may not be attached to the boom
emulsification. It is emphasized that the purpose of this guide
but is positioned in the pocket of the boom for skimming. As
is not to provide a standard method for estimating slick
long as the skimmer operates while moving, it is considered to
property changes, but rather to provide a standard guide for
be an advancing skimmer. Some skimmers are used in both an
using that information in comparing system performance.
advancing and stationary mode. These are classified according
1.5 Consideration should be given to alternative means of
to their application.
estimating response system effectiveness, such as Genwest
3.1.2 contained spills, n—a spill that is restricted from
2
2012.
spreading by containment boom or natural means.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3 oil slick encounter rate, n—the volume of oil slick per
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
unit time actively encountered by the oil spill recovery system,
standard.
3
and therefore available for containment and recovery (m /h).
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 oil spill recovery system, n—a combination of devices
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that operate together to recover spilled oil; the system would
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
include some or all of the following components: (1) contain-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ment boom, (2) skimmer, (3) support vessels to deploy and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
operate the boom and skimmer, (4) discharge/transfer pumps,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
(5) oil/water separator, (6) temporary storage devices, and (7)
shore based storage/disposal.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3
F20.12 on Removal. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published February 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1780 – 97 (2010). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1780-18. the ASTM website.
2 4
Genwest Systems, INC. 2012. EDRC Project Final Report. Prepared for Bureau The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. Sterling, VA. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------------------
...
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