ASTM D6507-00

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Designation:D6507–00
Standard Practice for
Fiber Reinforcement Orientation Codes for Composite
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6507; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This practice establishes orientation codes for 4.1 The purpose of a laminate orientation code is to provide
continuous-fiber-reinforced composite materials. Orientation a simple, easily understood method of describing the lay-up of
codes are explicitly provided for two-dimensional laminates a laminate. The laminate orientation code is based largely on a
and braids. The laminate code may also be used for filament- combination of industry practice and the codes used in the
wound materials.Amethod is included for presenting subscript NASA/DOD Advanced Composites Design Guide, MIL-
information in computerized formats that do not permit sub- HDBK-17, and ISO 1268-1.
script notation. 4.2 The braiding orientation code provides similar informa-
tion for a two-dimensional braid, based largely on Standard
2. Referenced Documents 6
Test Methods for Textile Composites.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Reference System
D 3878 Terminology of High-Modulus Reinforcing Fibers
and Their Composites 5.1 A reference plane and direction are selected before
E 1309 Guide for Identification of Composite Materials in writing the orientation code. The reference plane is selected as
Computerized Material Property Databases the bottom or top layer for the laminate orientation code. For
2.2 Other Documents: laminates symmetric about their midplane, the orientation code
MIL-HDBK-17-2D, Polymer Matrix Composites,Vol 2 using the top layer as the reference plane is identical to the
Materials Properties, Section 1.6.1 orientation code using the bottom layer as the reference plane;
ISO 1268-1 Fibre-reinforced plastics—Methods of produc- selection of the reference plane effectively determines the
ing test plates—Part 1: General Conditions,Annex Stack- positive z-orthree-axisofthelaminate.Thereferencedirection
ing Designation Systems (0°) is somewhat arbitrarily selected for convenience and
relevance to the application. Often, a dominant fiber direction
3. Terminology
is defined to be 0°. An example in which relevance to testing
3.1 Definitions—Definitions in accordance with Terminol- determines the reference direction is in-plane shear specimens
ogy D 3878 shall be used where applicable.
in which the loading direction is selected as 0°.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-30 on Composite
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.01 on Editorial/
Reference Standards.
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2000. Published April 2000.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03. NASA/DOD Advanced Composites Design Guide, Vol 4, Section 4.0.5, Air
Available from DOD Single Stock Point, 700 Robbins Ave., Building 4D, Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories, Day, OH, prepared by Rockwell Interna-
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil/ tional Corp., 1983 (distribution limited).
4 6
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th Masters, J. E., and Portanova, M. A., Standard Test Methods for Textile
Floor, New York, NY 10036. Composites, NASA CR-4751, NASA Langley Research Center, 1996.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6507–00
6. Laminate Orientation (Lay-up) Code 6.1.1 Laminae are listed in order from the reference plane to
the opposite side of the laminate. Square brackets are used to
6.1 The following information and the examples in Fig. 1
indicate the beginning and the end of the code.
describe the laminate orientation code. Ply directions and
number of layers are indicated using the laminate orientation 6.1.2 The orientation of each lamina with respect to the
code as follows:
reference direction is indicated by the angle between the
principal fiber direction of that lamina and the reference
@u m b /u m b .] notes (1)
1 1 1 2 2 2 nsb
direction. When indicating the lay-up of a weave, the angle is
where:
measured between the warp direction and the reference direc-
u , u = ply orientations (degrees) of the laminate stack-
1 2
tion. Positive angles are measured counter-clockwise from the
ing sequence (see 6.1.2),
reference direction when looking toward the lay-up surface
m ,m = number of plies at each particular orientation u ,
1 2 1
(right-hand rule). A consistent range of angles is used with all
u,. (not used for a single ply) (see 6.1.3),
angles in the range 90$ u > –90. Orientations of successive
b ,b = material type and form, or both, (if required) at
1 2
laminae with different values are separated by a virgule (/).
each particular orientation u , u ,. (see 6.1.5),
1 2
Pairs of plies of equal and opposite angle may be indicated by
n = number of repetitions of the bracketed group of
plus-minus (6) and minus-plus ~1! symbols, where the top of
plies (see 6.1.4),
the symbol indicates the direction of the first ply. For example,
s = indication of geometric symmetry (see 6.1.6),
and [+45/–45/–45/+45] is the same as @ 6 45/145].
b = indicator of material type and form, or both, (if
6.1.3 Plysymbolsfortwoormoreadjacentlaminaewiththe
required) for an abbreviated group of plies.
same orientation and material system can be condensed by
All subscripts are lowercase with the exception of 8T’ for
writing the common angle (and material form, if necessary)
total (see 6.1.6).
FIG. 1 Examples of Laminate Orientation Code
D6507–00
followed by a subscript equal to the number of identical plies. 7. Braiding Orientation Codes
See Example 4 in Fig. 1.
7.1 The following information describes the two-
6.1.4 When a laminate contains repeated and adjacent
dimensional braiding orie
...