ASTM D5706-97(2002)e1

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An American National Standard
e1
Designation:D5706–97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating
Greases Using A High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV)
Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5706; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Warnings were moved from notes to section text editorially January 2003.
1. Scope both, which are uncharacteristic of the given tribological
system’s long-term behavior. G40
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ or f, n—in tribology, the
extreme pressure properties of lubricating greases under high-
dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two
frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test ma-
bodies to the normal force (N) pressing these bodies together.
chine.Thistestmethodcanalsobeusedforevaluatingextreme
G40
pressure properties of lubricating fluid.
3.1.3 Hertzian contact area, n—theapparentareaofcontact
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against each
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
other, as calculated from Hertz’ equations of elastic deforma-
only.
tion. G40
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 Hertzian contact pressure, n—the magnitude of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pressure at any specified location in a Hertzian contact area, as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
calculated from Hertz’ equations of elastic deformation.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
G40
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.5 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
2. Referenced Documents surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between
them. D 4175
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 lubricating grease, n—a semifluid to solid product of
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant. D 217
Grease
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Thedispersionofthethickenerformsa
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
Products, and Lubricants
surfacetensionandotherphysicalforces.Otheringredientsare
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
commonly included to impart special properties.
2.2 Other Standard:
3.1.7 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
DIN 17230 Roller Bearing Steels
posed of finely divided solid particles dispersed in a liquid
3. Terminology
lubricant to form the grease structure. D 217
3.1.7.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
3.1 Definitions:
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
non-soapthickeners)whichareinsolubleor,atmost,onlyvery
occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general require-
panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
mentsarethatthesolidparticlesbeextremelysmall,uniformly
dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable, gel-like
structure with the liquid lubricant.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.8 Ra, n—in measuring surface finish, the arithmetic
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.G0.04 on Functional Tests—Tribology. average of the absolute distances of all profile points from the
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published October 1997. Originally
mean line for a given distance.
published as D5706–95. Last previous edition D5706–95.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
5 6
Available from Beuth Verlog GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785,
Germany. Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5706–97 (2002)
FIG. 1 SRV Test Machine
3.1.9 Rz (DIN), n—in measuring surface finish, the average incrementsuntilseizureoccurs.Theload,immediatelypriorto
of all Ry values (peak to valley heights) in the assessment
the load at which seizure occurs, is measured and reported.
length.
NOTE 1—Test frequency, stroke length, temperature, and ball and disk
3.1.10 Ry, n—in measuring surface finish, the vertical
material can be varied to simulate field conditions. The test ball yields
distance between the top of the highest peak and the bottom of
point-contact geometry. To obtain line or area contact, test pieces of
the deepest valley in one sampling length.
differing configurations can be substituted for the test balls.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 extreme pressure, adj—in lubrication—characterized
5. Significance and Use
by metal surfaces in contact under high-stress rubbing condi-
5.1 This laboratory test method can be used to quickly
tions.
determine extreme pressure properties of lubricating greases at
3.2.2 seizure, n—localized fusion of metal between the
selected temperatures specified for use in applications where
rubbing surfaces of the test pieces.
high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present with
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Inthistestmethod,seizureisindicated
high Hertzian point contact. This test method has found wide
by a rise in the coefficient of friction, over steady state, of
application in qualifying lubricating greases used in constant
greater than 0.2. In severe cases, a stoppage in the motor will
velocity joints of front-wheel-drive automobiles. Users of this
occur.
test method should determine whether results correlate with
3.2.3 SRV, n—Schwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss (Ger-
man); oscillating, friction, wear (English translation). field performance or other applications.
4. Summary of Test Method
6. Apparatus
4.1 This test method is performed on an SRV test machine
6.1 SRV Test Machine , illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
using a steel test ball oscillating against a steel test disk with
lubricant between them. Test load is increased in 100-N
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, is Optimal Instruments GmbH, Friedenstrasse 10, D-81671 Munich, Germany. If
Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, pp. 31, 29. you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Amstutz, Hu, “Surface Texture: The Parameters,” Bulletin MI-TP-003-0785, Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
Sheffield Measurement Division, Warner and Swasey, 1985, p. 25. responsib
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