ASTM C1327-99

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 1327 – 99
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
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Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
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Vickers Indentation Hardness of Advanced Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1327; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope indenter by the surface area of the permanent impression made
by the indenter.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Vickers
3.1.2 Vickers indenter, n—a square-based pyramidal-shaped
indentation hardness of advanced ceramics.
diamond indenter with face angles of 136° 008.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 This test method describes an indentation hardness test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
using a calibrated machine to force a pointed, square base,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pyramidal diamond indenter having specified face angles,
2. Referenced Documents under a predetermined load, into the surface of the material
under test and to measure the surface-projected diagonals of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
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the resulting impression after removal of the load.
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
NOTE 1—A general description of the Vickers indentation hardness test
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ASTM Test Methods is given in Test Method E 384. The present method is very similar, has
most of the same requirements, and differs only in areas required by the
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
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special nature of advanced ceramics. This test method also has many
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
elements in common with standards ENV 843-4 and JIS R 1610, which
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E 384 Test Method for Microhardness of Materials
are also for advanced ceramics.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
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Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5. Significance and Use
2.2 European Standard:
5.1 For advanced ceramics, Vickers indenters are used to
CEN ENV 843-4 Advanced Technical Ceramics, Mono-
create indentations whose surface-projected diagonals are mea-
lithic Ceramics, Mechanical Properties at Room Tempera-
sured with optical microscopes. The Vickers indenter creates a
ture, Part 4: Vickers, Knoop and Rockwell Superficial
square impression from which two surface-projected diagonal
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Hardness
lengths are measured. Vickers hardness is calculated from the
2.3 Japanese Standard:
ratio of the applied load to the area of contact of the four faces
JIS R 1610 Testing Method for Vickers Hardness of High
of the undeformed indenter. (In contrast, Knoop indenters are
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Performance Ceramics
also used to measure hardness, but Knoop hardness is calcu-
2.4 ISO Standard:
lated from the ratio of the applied load to the projected area on
ISO 6507/2 Metallic Materials—Hardness test—Vickers
the specimen surface.)
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test—Part 2: HV0.2 to less than HV5
5.2 Vickers indentation hardness is one of many properties
that is used to characterize advanced ceramics. Attempts have
3. Terminology
been made to relate Vickers indentation hardness to other
3.1 Definition:
hardness scales, but no generally accepted methods are avail-
3.1.1 Vickers hardness number (HV), n—an expression of
able. Such conversions are limited in scope and should be used
hardness obtained by dividing the force applied to a Vickers
with caution, except for special cases where a reliable basis for
the conversion has been obtained by comparison tests.
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5.3 Vickers indentation diagonal lengths are approximately
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-28 on
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.01 on
2.8 times shorter than the long diagonal of Knoop indentations,
Properties and Performance.
and the indentation depth is approximately 1.5 times deeper
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published April 1999. Originally
than Knoop indentations made at the same load.
published as C 1327 – 96. Last previous edition C 1327 – 96.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. 5.4 Vickers indentations are influenced less by specimen
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
surface flatness, parallelism, and surface finish than Knoop
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Available from European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium.
indentations, but these parameters must b
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