ASTM D6128-00

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Designation:D6128–00
Standard Test Method for
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Shear Testing of Bulk Solids Using the Jenike Shear Cell
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3.1.2 angle of internal friction, f, n—theanglebetweenthe
i
2
axis of normal stress (abscissa) and the tangent to the yield
1.1 This method covers the apparatus and procedures for
locus.
measuring the cohesive strength of bulk solids during both
3.1.3 angle of wall friction, f8, n—thearctanoftheratioof
continuous flow and after storage at rest. In addition, measure-
the wall shear stress to the wall normal stress.
ments of internal friction, bulk density, and wall friction on
3.1.4 bin, n—a container or vessel for holding a bulk solid,
various wall surfaces are included.
frequently consisting of a vertical cylinder with a converging
1.2 Thisstandardisnotapplicabletotestingbulksolidsthat
hopper. Sometimes referred to as silo, bunker, or elevator.
donotreachthesteadystaterequirementwithinthetravellimit
3.1.5 bulk density, r , n—the mass of a quantity of a bulk
b
of the shear cell. It is impossible to classify ahead of time
solid divided by its total volume
which bulk solids cannot be tested, but one example may be
3.1.6 bulk solid, n—an assembly of solid particles handled
those consisting of highly elastic particles.
in sufficient quantities that its characteristics can be described
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by the properties of the mass of particles rather than the
standard.
characteristicsofeachindividualparticle.Mayalsobereferred
1.4 The most common use of this information is in the
to as granular material, particulate solid, or powder. Examples
design of storage bins and hoppers to prevent flow stoppages
are sugar, flour, ore, and coal.
due to arching and ratholing, including the slope and smooth-
3.1.7 bunker, n—synonym for bin, but sometimes under-
ness of hopper walls to provide mass flow. Parameters for
stood as being a bin without any or only a small vertical part
structural design of such equipment also may be derived from
at the top of the hopper.
this data.
3.1.8 cohesive strength, n—synonym for unconfined yield
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
strength.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.9 consolidation, n—the process of increasing the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
strength of a bulk solid.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.10 critical state, n—a state of stress in which the bulk
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
density of a bulk solid and the shear stress in the shear zone
2. Referenced Documents remain constant.
3.1.11 effective angle of friction, d, n—theinclinationofthe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
effective yield locus (EYL).
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock and Contained
3
3.1.12 effective yield locus (EYL), n—straight line passing
Fluids
throughtheoriginofthe s, t-planeandtangentialtothesteady
3. Terminology
stateMohrcircle,correspondingtosteadystateflowconditions
of a bulk solid of given bulk density.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this test
3.1.13 elevator, n—synonymforbin,commonlyusedinthe
method are in accordance with Terminology D653.
grain industry.
3.1.1 adhesion test, n—a static wall friction test with time
3.1.14 failure (of a bulk solid), n—plasticdeformationofan
consolidation.
overconsolidated bulk solid subject to shear, causing dilation
and a decrease in strength.
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This testing method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil
3.1.15 flow, steady state, n—continuous plastic deformation
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.24 on Character-
of a bulk solid at critical state.
ization and Handling of Powders and Bulk Solids.
3.1.16 flow function, FF, n—the plot of unconfined yield
CurrenteditionapprovedNovember10,2000.PublishedMarch2001.Originally
published as D6128–97. Last previous edition D6128–97. strengthversusmajorconsolidationstressforonespecificbulk
2
This test method is based on the “Standard Shear Testing Technique for
solid.
ParticulateSolidsUsingtheJenikeShearCell,”areportoftheEFCEWorkingParty
3.1.17 granular material, n—synonym for bulk solid.
on the Mechanics of Particulate Solids. Copyright is held by the Institution of
3.1.18 hopper, n—the converging portion of a bin.
Chemical Engineers and the European Federation of Chemical Engineering.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standa
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