ASTM A815/A815M-24

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A815/A815M − 23 A815/A815M − 24
Standard Specification for
Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic/Austenitic, and Martensitic
Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A815/A815M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers two general classes, WP and CR, of wrought ferritic, ferritic/austenitic, and martensitic stainless steel
fittings of seamless and welded construction covered by the latest revision of Specification A960/A960M. Fittings differing from
these standards may be furnished in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A960/A960M.
1.1.1 Class WP fittings are subdivided into four subclasses: Classes WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX, and WP-WU. They are manufactured
to the requirements of Specification A960/A960M, and they shall have pressure ratings compatible with 13.2. Class WP-S fittings
are those manufactured from seamless product by a seamless method of manufacture (marked with class symbol WP-S); Class
WP-W fittings are those which contain welds where the fitting fabrication or construction welds have been radiographed (marked
with class symbol WP-W); and Class WP-WX fittings are those which contain welds where all welds have been radiographed
(marked with class symbol WP-WX); and Class WP-WU fittings are those which contain welds where all welds have been
ultrasonically tested (marked with class symbol WP-WU).
1.1.2 Class CR fittings are those manufactured to the requirements of MSS SP-43, and they shall have pressure ratings compatible
with 13.3.
1.2 This specification does not apply to cast fittings.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided. When desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023March 1, 2024. Published May 2023March 2024. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20222023 as
A815/A815M – 22.A815/A815M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/A0815_A0815M-23.10.1520/A0815_A0815M-24.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A815/A815M − 24
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels
A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
A960/A960M Specification for Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
2.2 ASME Standards:
B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Butt-Welding Fittings
B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
2.3 MSS Standards:
MSS SP-43 Standard Practice for Light Weight Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
MSS SP-79 Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts
MSS SP-83 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
MSS SP-95 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
MSS SP-97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings—Socket Welding, Threaded and Buttwelding Ends
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:
Section VIII Division I
Section IX
2.5 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
3. Common Requirements and Ordering Information
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A960/A960M including any
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the common requirements of
Specification A960/A960M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case of conflict between this specification and
Specification A960/A960M, this specification shall prevail.
3.2 Specification A960/A960M identifies the ordering information that should be complied with when purchasing material to this
specification.
4. Materials
4.1 The material for fittings shall consist of forgings, bars, plates, or seamless or welded tubular products that conform to the
chemical requirements in Table 1.
4.2 The steel shall be melted by one of the following processes:
4.2.1 Electric furnace (with separate degassing and refining optional),
4.2.2 Vacuum furnace, or
4.2.3 Electric furnace followed by vacuum or electroslag-consumable remelting.
4.3 If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all ingots remelted from a primary heat.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-hq.com.
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
A815/A815M − 24
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
NOTE 1—Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement.
Composition, %
A
Grade
Phos-
Grade Grade Carbon, Manga- Sulfur, Silicon, Chrom- Molyb- Ni-
B B
UNS phorus, Nickel Copper Titanium Other
B B
WP CR max nese max max ium denum trogen
max
Ferritic Steels
D
WP27 CR27 S44627 0.010 0.75 0.020 0.020 0.40 0.50 25.0– 0.75– 0.20 0.015 . . . Nb
0.05–0.20
27.5 1.50
WP33 CR33 S44626 0.06 0.75 0.040 0.020 0.75 0.50 25.0– 0.75– 0.20 0.040 0.20–1.00 . . .
27.0 1.50 (7×(C+N)) min
WP429 CR429 S42900 0.12 1.0 0.040 0.030 0.75 0.50 14.0– . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16.0
WP430 CR430 S43000 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 16.0– . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18.0
WP430TI CR430Ti S43036 0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.75 16.0– . . . . . . . . . (5×C) min 0.75 . . .
19.5 max
WP446 CR446 S44600 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.030 0.75 0.50 23.0– . . . . . . 0.25 . . . . . .
27.0
Ferritic/Austenitic Steels
WPS31803 CRS31803 S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.0 4.5– 21.0– 2.5– . . . 0.08– . . . . . .
6.5 23.0 3.5 0.20
WPS32101 CRS32101 S32101 0.040 4.0– 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35– 21.0– 0.10– 0.10– 0.20– . . . . . .
6.0 1.70 22.0 0.80 0.80 0.25
WPS32202 CRS32202 S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00– 21.5– 0.45 . . . 0.18– . . . . . .
2.80 24.0 0.26
WPS32750 CRS32750 S32750 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.8 6.0– 24.0– 3.0– 0.5 0.24– . . . . . .
8.0 26.0 5.0 0.32
WPS32950 CRS32950 S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5– 26.0– 1.00– . . . 0.15– . . . . . .
5.2 29.0 2.50 0.35
WPS32760 CRS32760 S32760 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0– 24.0– 3.0– 0.50– 0.20– . . . W
C C C
8.0 26.0 4.0 1.00 0.30 0.50–1.00
WPS39274 CRS39274† S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0– 24.0– 2.50– 0.20– 0.24– . . . W
C
8.0 26.0 3.50 0.80 0.32 1.50–2.50
WPS32550 CRS32550 S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5– 24.0– 2.9– 1.50– 0.10– . . . . . .
6.5 27.0 3.9 2.50 0.25
WPS32205 CRS32205 S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5– 22.0– 3.0– . . . 0.14– . . . . . .
6.5 23.0 3.5 0.20
Martensitic Steels
WP410 CR410 S41000 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 11.5– . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
max 13.5
WPS41008 CRS41008 S41008 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.60 11.5– . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.5
WPS41500 CRS41500 S41500 0.05 0.50– 0.030 0.030 0.60 3.5– 11.5– 0.50– . . . . . . . . . W
1.00 5.5 14.0 1.00 0.50–1.00
A
Naming system developed and applied by ASTM International.
B
Maximum unless otherwise indicated.
C
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N = 40 min.
D
Niobium and columbium are interchangeable names for the same element and both names are acceptable for use in A01.22 specifications.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Forming—Forging or shaping operations may be performed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling,
bending, fusion welding, machining or by combination of two or more of these operations. The forming procedure shall be so
applied that it will not produce surface discontinuities deeper than 5 % of the specified nominal thickness of the fitting.
5.2 All classes of fittings shall be heat treated in accordance with Section 6.
5.3 Fittings ordered as Class WP-S shall be of seamless construction and shall meet all requirements of Specification
A960/A960M.
A815/A815M − 24
5.4 Fittings ordered as Class WP-W shall meet the requirements of Specification A960/A960M and (1) shall have all welds made
by the fitting manufacturer and all pipe welds made with the addition of filler metal radiographically examined throughout the
entire length in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code; and
(2) shall not require radiography of the starting pipe weld if the pipe was welded without the addition of filler metal. In place of
radiographic examination, welds made by the fitting manufacturer may be ultrasonically examined in accordance with the code
requirements stated in 5.6.
5.5 Fittings ordered as Class WP-WX shall meet the requirements of Specification A960/A960M and shall have all welds, whether
made by the fitting manufacturer or the starting material manufacturer, radiographically examined throughout their entire length
in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII, Division I of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The radiography
of welds for this class of fittings can be done either prior to or after forming at the option of the manufacturer.
5.6 Fittings ordered as Class WP-WU shall meet the requirements of Specification A960/A960M and shall have all welds, whether
made by the fitting manufacturer or the starting material manufacturer, ultrasonically examined throughout their entire length in
accordance with Appendix 12 of Section VIII, Division 1 of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
5.7 The radiography or ultrasonic examination for this class of fittings may be done at the option of the manufacturer, either prior
to or after forming.
5.8 Personnel performing NDE examinations shall be qualified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A.
5.9 Fittings covered in Specification A960/A960M and ordered as CR shall meet the requirements of Specification A960/A960M
and do not require nondestructive examination.
5.10 All classes of fittings shall have the welders, welding operators, and welding procedures qualified under the provisions of
Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code except that starting pipe welds made without the addition of filler metal
do not require such qualification.
5.11 All joints welded with filler metal shall be finished in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph UW-35 (a) of Section
VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
5.12 Fittings machined from bar shall be restricted to NPS 4 or smaller.
5.12.1 All caps machined from bar shall be examined by liquid penetrant in accordance with Practice E165/E165M.
5.13 Weld buildup is permitted to dimensionally correct unfilled areas produced during forming of stub ends. Radiographic
examination of the weld buildup shall not be required provided that all of the following steps are adhered to:
5.13.1 The weld procedure and welders or welding operators meet the requirements of 5.10,
5.13.2 Heat-treatment is performed after welding and prior to machining,
5.13.3 All weld surfaces are liquid penetrant examined in accordance with Appendix 8 of Section VIII, Division 1 of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, and
5.13.4 Repair of areas in the weld is permitted, but 5.13.1, 5.13.2, and 5.13.3 must be repeated.
5.14 Stub ends may be produced with the entire lap added as weld metal to a straight pipe section provided the welding satisfies
the requirements of 5.10 for qualifications and Section 6 for post weld heat treatment.
5.14.1 Class WP-W—Radiographic inspection of the weld is required (see 5.4).
5.14.2 Class WP-WX—Radiographic inspection of all welds is required (see 5.5).
A815/A815M − 24
5.14.3 Class WP-WU—Ultrasonic inspection of all welds is required (see 5.6).
5.14.4 Class CR—Nondestructive examination is not required (see 5.9).
5.15 Stub ends may be produced with the entire lap added by the welding of a ring, made from plate or bar of the same alloy grade
and composition, to the outside of a straight section of pipe, provided the weld is double welded, is a full penetration joint, satisfies
the requirements of 5.10 for qualifications and Section 6 for post weld heat treatment.
5.15.1 Class WP-W—Radiographic inspection of all welds, made with the addition of filler metal is required (see 5.4).
5.15.2 Class WP-WX—Radiographic inspection of all welds, made with or without the addition of filler metal, is required (see 5.5).
5.15.3 Class WP-WU—Ultrasonic inspection of all welds, made with or without the addition of filler metal, is required (see 5.6).
5.15.4 Class CR—Nondestructive examination is not required (see 5.9).
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 Unless otherwise stated herein, heat treatment shall be performed after welding and in accordance with the requirements of
Table 2.
6.1.1 No final heat treatment of welded fittings (HT-O) fabricated from ferritic/austenitic plate that has been heat treated as
required by Table 2 for the particular grade, is required, provided material representative of the fittings, including base metal, weld
metal, and heat affected zone, passes a Test Methods A923 Method B or C (See Note 1) corrosion evaluation per heat. Each fitting
supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the suffix HT-O.
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment
Stainless Steel All WP and CR Grades Temperature Cooling Tempering
Temperature
Ferritic All $ 1200 °F [650 °C] As appropriate for grade Not specified
Ferritic/Austenitic S31803 1870–2010 °F Water quench or Not required
[1020–1100 °C] rapidly cooled by
other means
S32101 1870 °F [1020 °C] min Water quench or Not required
rapidly cooled by
other means
S32202 1870–1975 °F Water quench or Not required
[1020–1080 °C] rapidly cooled by
other means
S32205 1870–2010 °F Water quench Not required
[1020–1100 °C]
S32750 1880–2060 °F Water quench or Not required
[1025–1125 °C] rapidly cooled by
other means
S32760 2010–2085 °F Water quench or Not required
[1100–1140 °C] rapidly cooled by
other means
S39274 1920–2060 °F Water quench or Not required
[1050–1125 °C] rapidly cooled by
other means
A
S32550 1950–2060 °F Water quench Not required
A
[1065–1125 °C]
S32950 Not specified Not specified Not required
Martensitic S41000 $ 1200°F [650°C] Not specified Not specified
S41008 > 1200°F [650°C] In still air Not specified
as appropriate
for grade
S41500 $ 1750 °F [955 °C] Air cool to # 200 °F 1050–1150 °F
[95 °C] prior to any [565–620 °C]
optional intermediate
temper and prior to
final temper.
A
The higher temperature (2000 to 2060 °F [1095 to 1125 °C]) PWHT is best used on welded product—the lower temperature PWHT (1950 to 2010 °F [1065 to 1100 °C])
is best used on wrought or seamless products only.
A815/A815M − 24
6.1.2 For materials not listed in Table 3 of Test Methods A923, the HT-O provision does not apply.
NOTE 1—The Test Methods A923 test method (B or C) is at the manufacturer’s option, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.
6.2 All fittings machined directly from forgings or bars (see 5.12), previously heat treated in accordance with the requirements
specified in Table 2, need not be reheat treated.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The chemical composition of each cast or heat shall be determined and shall conform to the requirements of the chemical
composition for the respective grades of materials listed in Table 1. Methods and practices relating to chemical analyses required
by this specification shall be in accordance with Methods, Practices, and Definitions A751. Product analysis tolerances in
accordance with Specification A960/A960M are applicable.
7.2 Except as listed below, in fittings of welded construction, the composition of the deposited weld shall conform to the same
requirements as the base metal.
7.2.1 Welds on S32950 base metal shall be made with nominal 26 % Cr, 8 % Ni, 2 % Mo weld filler metal.
7.2.2 Welds on S31803 and S32205 base metals shall conform to the same requirements as the base metal or shall be made with
nominal 22 % Cr, 9 % Ni, 3 % Mo or 25 % Cr, 9 % Ni, 4 % Mo weld filler metal.
7.2.3 Welds on S32202 base metal shall be made with nominal 22 % Cr, 9 % Ni, 3 % Mo weld fi
...