ASTM D5967-99a

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 5967 – 99a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
General Description 6.1
The Test Engine 6.2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the Mack
Mack T Test Engine 6.2.1
T-8. This test method covers an engine test procedure for
Engine Cooling System 6.2.2
Engine Oil System 6.2.3
evaluating diesel engine oils for performance characteristics,
Auxiliary Oil System 6.2.4
including viscosity increase and soot concentrations (loading).
Crankcase Aspiration 6.2.5
1.2 This test method also provides the procedure for running Blowby Meter 6.2.6
Air Supply and Filtration 6.2.7
an extended length T-8 test, which is commonly referred to as
Fuel Supply 6.2.8
the T-8E and an abbreviated length test, which is commonly
Intake Manifold Temperature Control 6.2.9
referred to as T-8A. The procedures for the T-8E and the T-8A
Engine Fluids 7
Test Oils 7.1
are identical to the T-8 with the exception of the items
Test Fuel 7.2
specifically listed in Annex A8 and Annex A9 respectively.
Engine Coolant 7.3
Additionally, the procedure modifications listed in Annex A8 Cleaning Materials 7.4
Preparation of Apparatus at Rebuild 8
and Annex A9 refer to the corresponding section of the T-8
Parts Cleaning 8.1
procedure.
Cylinder Head Preparation 8.2
1.3 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to Cylinder Liner, Piston, and Piston Ring Assembly 8.3
Injectors and Injection Pump 8.4
be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the
Assembly Instructions 8.5
inch-pound units are shown in parentheses when combined
Measurements 8.6
with SI units, and vice versa. Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration/Non-Reference 9
Requirements
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Calibration Frequency 9.1
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Calibration Reference Oils 9.2
Test Numbering 9.3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
New Laboratories and New Test Stands 9.4
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Calibrated Laboratories and Test Stands 9.5
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A5 for
Calibrated Test Acceptance 9.6
specific safety precautions. Failing Calibration Tests 9.7
Non-Reference Oil Test Requirements 9.8
1.5 A Table of Contents follows:
Procedure 10
Scope 1
Pretest Procedure 10.1
Referenced Documents 2
Engine Start Up 10.2
Terminology 3
Engine Shutdown 10.3
Summary of Test Method 4
Test Cycle 10.4
Significance and Use 5
Oil Addition/Drain Procedure 10.5
Apparatus 6
Oil Samples 10.6
Oil Consumption Calculations 10.7
Fuel Samples 10.8
Periodic Measurements 10.9
Blowby 10.10
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Centrifugal Oil Filter Mass Gain 10.11
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Oil Filter DP Calculation 10.12
D02.B on Automotive Lubricants.
Post Test 10.13
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published February 2000.
Inspection of Fuel and Oil During Test 11
Originally published as D 5967-96. Last previous edition D 5967-99.
Oil Inspection 11.1
The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting
Fuel Inspections 11.2
the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in Oil Consumption 11.3
this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the Report 12
Reporting Reference Test Results 12.1
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are
Deviations from Test Operational Limits 12.2
entirely their own responsibility.
Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3
The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by
Plots of Operational Data 12.4
means of Information Letters. This edition incorporates revisions contained in all
Precision and Bias 13
information letters through 98-5. Information letters may be obtained from the
Precision 13.1
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489,
Bias 13.2
Attention: Administrator.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5967 – 99a
D 6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer-
Keywords 14
Annexes
Containing Fluids Using European Diesel Injector Appa-
Report Forms A1
ratus
Sensor Locations A2
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Kinematic Viscosity at 100°C Procedure A3
Enhanced Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Procedure A4
Determine Conformance With Specifications
Procurement of Test Materials A5
E 344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydro-
Safety Precautions A6
Data Dictionary A7 mometry
T-8E Extended Length Test Requirements A8
2.2 SAE Standard:
T-8A Abbreviated Length Test Requirements A9
SAE J1995 Engine Power Test Code—Spark Ignition and
Compression Ignition—Gross Power Rating
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products
3.1 Definitions:
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
3.1.1 blind reference oil, n—a reference oil, the identity of
Closed Tester
which is unknown by the test facility. Sub. B Glossary
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3.1.2 blowby, n—in internal combustion engines, the com-
D 129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
bustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enter
eral Bomb Method)
the crankcase. D 5302
D 130 Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from
3.1.3 calibrate, v—to determine the indication or output of
Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test
a measuring device with respect to that of a standard. E 344
D 287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
3.1.4 heavy-duty, adj—in internal combustion engine opera-
Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)
tion, characterized by average speeds, power output, and
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
internal temperatures that are close to the potential maximums.
and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
D 4485
ity)
3.1.5 heavy-duty engine, n—in internal combustion engines,
D 446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass
one that is designed to allow operation continuously at or close
Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
to its peak output. D 4485
D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
3.1.6 non-reference oil, n—any oil other than a reference
D 524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi-
Petroleum Products
date oil. Sub. B Glossary
D 613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
3.1.7 non-standard test, n—a test that is not conducted in
D 1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid
conformance with the requirements in the standard test
Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
method, such as running on an uncalibrated test stand, using
D 2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Prod-
different test equipment, applying different equipment assem-
ucts
bly procedures, or using modified operating conditions.
D 2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Sub. B Glossary
X-Ray Spectrometry
3.1.8 oxidation, n—of engine oil, the reaction of the oil with
D 2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
an electron acceptor, generally oxygen, which can produce
Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
deleterious acidic or resinous materials often manifested as
D 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
sludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, or
Liquids by Digital Density Meter
corrosion, or a combination thereof. Sub. B. Glossary
D 4485 Specification for Performance of Engine Oils
3.1.9 reference oil, n—an oil of known performance char-
D 4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four
acteristics, used as a basis for comparison. Sub. B Glossary
Variable Equation
3.1.9.1 Discussion—Reference oils are used to calibrate
D 5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Ele-
testing facilities, to compare the performance of other oils, or
ments, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricat-
to evaluate other materials (such as seals) that interact with
ing Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base
oils.
Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission
3.1.10 sludge, n—in internal combustion engines, a deposit,
Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
principally composed of insoluble resins and oxidation prod-
D 5302 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine
ucts from fuel combustion and the lubricant, that does not drain
Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in a
from engine parts but can be removed by wiping with a cloth.
Spark-Ignition Internal Composition Engine Fueled with
D 5302
Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-
Duty Conditions
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
4 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
5 10
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5967 – 99a
3.1.11 standard test, n—a test on a calibrated test stand, good laboratory standards. Additionally, it is recommended
using the prescribed equipment in accordance with the require- that the atmosphere in the engine buildup area be filtered and
ments in the test method, and conducted in accordance with the controlled for temperature and humidity to prevent accumula-
specified operating conditions. Sub. B Glossary tion of dirt or dust on engine parts. Uniform temperature
3.1.11.1 Discussion—The specified operating conditions in control will also aid in measuring and selecting parts for
some test methods include requirements for determining a assembly.
test’s operational validity. These requirements are applied after 6.1.3 Use the low sulfur reference diesel fuel shown in
a test is completed, and can include (1) mid-limit ranges for the Table 1.
average values of primary and secondary parameters that are 6.2 The Test Engine:
narrower than the specified control ranges for the individual 6.2.1 Mack Test Engine—The engine is available from
values, (2) allowable deviations for individual primary and Mack Trucks, Inc. A complete parts list is shown in Table A5.1,
secondary parameters from the specified control ranges, (3) Annex A5.
downtime limitations, and (4) special parameter limitations. 6.2.2 Engine Cooling System:
3.1.12 varnish, n—in internal combustion engines, a hard, 6.2.2.1 A new Mack coolant conditioner shown in Table
dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be removed by solvents A5.1, Annex A5, is required every test to limit scaling in the
but not by wiping with a cloth. D 5302 cooling system. Pressurize the system to 103 kPa (15 psi) at the
3.1.13 wear, n—the loss of material from, or relocation of expansion tank.
material on, a surface. D 5302 6.2.2.2 Use a closed-loop, pressurized external engine cool-
ing system composed of a nonferrous core heat exchanger,
4. Summary of Test Method reservoir, and water-out temperature control valve. The system
should prevent air entrainment and control jacket temperatures
4.1 The test operation involves use of a Mack E7-350 diesel
within the specified limit. Install a sight glass between the
engine with a warm-up, a 2-h flush for each test, and then a
engine and the cooling tower to check for air entrainment and
constant speed and load conditions that are held for the
uniform flow in an effort to prevent localized boiling. Block the
remainder of the test. Reference oil test length is 300 h.
thermostat wide open.
Non-reference oil test length is 250 h.
6.2.3 Engine Oil System—A schematic of the engine oil
4.2 Oil samples are taken periodically and analyzed for
system is shown in Fig. A2.9, Annex A2.
viscosity increase.
6.2.4 Auxiliary Oil System—To maintain a constant oil level
4.3 Engine rebuild frequency is based on the degradation of
in the pan, provide an additional 9.5-L (10-qt) sump by the use
test parameters and is left to the discretion of the test
of a separate closed tank connected to the sump. Circulate oil
laboratory. At rebuild, the power section of the engine is
through the tank at a rate of 5.7 6 1.9 L/min (1.5 6 0.5 gpm)
disassembled, solvent-cleaned, measured, and rebuilt, using all
with an auxiliary pump. A typical auxiliary oil system is shown
new pistons, rings, cylinder liners, and valve guides, in strict
in Fig. A2.9, Annex A2. The No. 6 and No. 8 Aeroquip lines
accordance with furnished specifications.
4.4 The engine crankcase is solvent-cleaned, and worn or
defective parts are replaced.
4.5 The test stand is equipped with appropriate accessories Aeroquip lines are available at local industrial hose suppliers.
for controlling speed, load, and various engine operating
conditions. TABLE 1 Low Sulfur Reference Diesel Fuel Specifications
A A
Property Test Method Min Max
5. Significance and Use
Sulfur, % weight D 2622 0.03 0.05
Gravity, °API D 287 or D 4052 32 36 (37)
5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the visco-
Hydrocarbon composition
metric performance of engine oils in turbocharged and inter-
Aromatics, % volume D 1319 (FIA) (27) 28 35
cooled four-cycle diesel engines. Results are obtained from
Olefins D 1319 (FIA) Report
Saturates D 1319 (FIA) Report
used oil analysis.
Cetane index D 4737 Report
5.2 The test method is used for engine oil specification
Cetane number D 613 42 48
acceptance when all details of the procedure are followed. Copper strip corrosion D 130 3
Flash point, °C D 93 54
Cloud point, °C D 2500 −12
6. Apparatus
Pour point, °C D 97 −17
Carbon residue, % D 524 (10 % 0.35
6.1 General Description:
bottoms)
6.1.1 The test engine is a Mack E7-350 mechanically
Water and sediment, % vo
...