ASTM D2162-99e1

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An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 2162 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil
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Standards
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2162; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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e NOTE—Equation 8 was corrected editorially in November 2001.
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1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 3666 Viscosity of Water
1.1 This test method covers the calibration of master vis-
cometers and viscosity oil standards, both of which may be
3. Terminology
used to calibrate routine viscometers as described in Test
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Method D 445 and Specifications D 446 over the temperature
3.1.1 basic calibration, n—calibration based on the primary
range from 15 to 100°C.
2 2 standard, water.
1.2 The calibration constants in mm /s are to be regarded
2
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Pure water has a kinematic viscosity of
as the standard. The kinematic viscosities in mm /s are to be
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1.0034 mm /s (cSt) at 20°C. See ISO 3666.
regarded as the standard.
3.1.2 master viscometer, n—glass capillary viscometer with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a liquid driving head of at least 400 mm.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—It is specially designed to minimize
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
errors due to surface tension, kinetic energy, and capillary end
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
effects.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.1.3 viscosity oil standard, n—stable Newtonian liquid, the
precautionary statements see Section 7.
kinematic viscosity of which has been related to the kinematic
2. Referenced Documents viscosity of water through the step-up procedure described in
this test method.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
4. Summary of Test Method
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
2 4.1 Two or more master viscometers, having calibration
Viscosity)
2 2
constants in the 0.001 to 0.003-mm /s (cSt/s) range, are
D 446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for Glass
2 calibrated with water at 20°C. The kinematic viscosities of two
Capillary Kinematic Viscometers
3 or more oil standards are measured at 40°C in these two master
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
2 viscometers. Corrections are made for buoyancy and, where
D 1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables
necessary, for temperature and surface tension.
D 1480 Test Method for Density and Relative Density
4.2 A third master viscometer, with a calibration constant of
(Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pyc-
2 2
2
0.003 to 0.009 mm /s (cSt/s), is then calibrated at 40°C with
nometer
the two standard oils and its calibration factor calculated at
D 1590 Test Methods for Surface Tension of Water and
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standard conditions for water at 20°C. In like manner addi-
Waste Water
4 tional viscosity oil standards and additional master viscometers
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
are calibrated at 40°C using the average results from at least
two master viscometers or two oil standards. Steps between
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on successive calibration constants or viscosities increase by a
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
factor of three or less until the desired viscosity range is
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
covered.
Current edition approved June 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally
published as D 2162 – 63 T. Last previous edition D 2162 – 93 (1998).
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 2162
4.3 Oils are calibrated at other temperatures using the 6. Apparatus
6 7
average result from at least two master viscometers.
6.1 Master Viscometers: Cannon or Ubbelohde Type—
Acceptable viscometers are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Two
5. Significance and Use
masters are required with calibration constants in the 0.001 to
5.1 Because there are surface tension or kinematic viscosity 2 2
0.003-mm /s (cSt/s) range. Additional mast
...