ASTM D2007-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
Standard Test Method for Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The composition of the oil included in rubber compounds has a large effect on the characteristics and uses of the compounds. The determination of the saturates, aromatics, and polar compounds is a key analysis of this composition.
The determination of the saturates, aromatics, and polar compounds and further analysis of the fractions produced is often used as a research method to aid understanding of oil effects in rubber and other uses.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for classifying oil samples of initial boiling point of at least 260°C (500°F) into the hydrocarbon types of polar compounds, aromatics and saturates, and recovery of representative fractions of these types. This classification is used for specification purposes in rubber extender and processing oils.
Note 1—See Test Method D 2226.
1.2 This test method is not directly applicable to oils of greater than 0.1 mass % pentane insolubles. Such oils can be analyzed after removal of these materials, but precision is degraded (see Appendix X1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 6.1, Section 7, A1.4.1, and A1.5.5.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2007–03
Standard Test Method for
Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing
Oils and Other Petroleum-Derived Oils by the Clay-Gel
1
Absorption Chromatographic Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2007; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope* D 5309 Specification for Cyclohexane 999
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for classifying oil
5
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
samples of initial boiling point of at least 260°C (500°F) into
the hydrocarbon types of polar compounds, aromatics and
3. Terminology
saturates, and recovery of representative fractions of these
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
types. This classification is used for specification purposes in
3.1.1 The following terms refer to the hydrocarbon types
rubber extender and processing oils.
and structural groups as measured by this test method:
NOTE 1—See Test Method D 2226.
3.1.2 aromatics—material that, on percolation, passes
1.2 This test method is not directly applicable to oils of through a column of adsorbent clay in a n-pentane eluent but
adsorbs on silica gel under the conditions specified.
greater than 0.1 mass % pentane insolubles. Such oils can be
analyzed after removal of these materials, but precision is 3.1.3 asphaltenes, or n-pentane insolubles—insoluble mat-
ter that precipitates from a solution of oil in n-pentane under
degraded (see Appendix X1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the the specified conditions.
3.1.4 polar aromatics—synonym for polar compounds.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. 3.1.5 polar compounds—material retained on adsorbent
clay after percolation of the sample in n-pentane eluent under
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the the conditions specified.
3.1.6 saturates—materialthat,onpercolationina n-pentane
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- eluent, is not adsorbed on either the clay or silica gel under the
conditions specified.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
statements are given in 6.1, Section 7, A1.4.1, and A1.5.5.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The sample is diluted with solvent and charged to a
2.1 ASTM Standards: glass percolation column containing clay in the upper section
and silica gel plus clay in the lower section. n-pentane is then
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
2
Atmospheric Pressure charged to the double column until a definite quantity of
effluenthasbeencollected.Theupper(clay)sectionisremoved
D 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
2
from the lower section and washed further with n-pentane. A
ucts (Reid Method)
D 1159 Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum toluene-acetone mixture 50 to 50 by volume is then charged to
the clay section for desorption and a specified volume of
Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electro-
2
metric Titration effluent collected. The lower (gel) column may be desorbed by
recirculation of toluene.
D 2226 Classification for Various Types of Petroleum Oils
3
for Rubber Compounding Use 4.2 The solvents are completely removed from the recov-
ered n-pentane and the toluene-acetone fractions and the
residues are weighed and calculated as saturate and polar
compounds contents. Aromatics may be calculated by differ-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
ence, or measured following evaporation of the toluene used
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
for desorption of the gel column.
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 2007–02.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2007–03
NOTE 2—Temperatures should be uniform on the top of the hot plate.
4.3 When the sample contains more than 0.1 mas
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D2007–02 Designation:D2007–03
Standard Test Method for
Characteristic Groups in Rubber Extender and Processing
Oils and Other Petroleum–-Derived Oils by the
1
Clay–GelClay-Gel Absorption Chromatographic Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2007; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
Paragraphs 7.5 and 7.6 were corrected, and the yeardate was changed per the Editorial Review Board in November 2002.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for classifying oil samples of initial boiling point of at least 260°C (500°F) into the
hydrocarbon types of polar compounds, aromatics and saturates, and recovery of representative fractions of these types. This
classification is used for specification purposes in rubber extender and processing oils.
NOTE 1—See Test Method D 2226.
1.2 This test method is not directly applicable to oils of greater than 0.1 mass % pentane insolubles. Such oils can be analyzed
after removal of these materials, but precision is degraded (See (see Appendix X1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionwarning statements are given in 6.1, Section 7, A1.4.1, and A1.5.5.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
2
D 323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D 1159 Test Method for Bromine Numbers of Petroleum Distillates and Commercial Aliphatic Olefins by Electrometric
2
Titration
3
D 2226 Classification for Various Types of Petroleum Oils for Rubber Compounding Use
4
D 5309 Specification for Cyclohexane 999
5
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 The following terms refer to the hydrocarbon types and structural groups as measured by this test method:
3.1.1.1asphaltenes, or
3.1.2 aromatics—material that, on percolation, passes through a column of adsorbent clay in a n-pentane eluent but adsorbs on
silica gel under the conditions specified.
3.1.3 asphaltenes, or n-pentane insolubles—insoluble matter that precipitates from a solution of oil in n-pentane under the
specified conditions.
3.1.1.2polar compounds
3.1.4 polar aromatics—synonym for polar compounds.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04 on
Hydrocarbon Analysis.
Current edition approved Nov. 11, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally published as D2007–68T. Last previous edition D2007–01a.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 2007–02.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2007–03
3.1.5 polar compounds—material retained on adsorbent clay after percolation of the sample in n-pentane eluent under the
conditions specified.
3.1.1.3polar aromatics—synonym for polar compounds.
3.1.1.4aromatics—material that, on percolation, passes through a column of adsorbent clay in a n-pentane eluent but adsorbs on
silica gel under the conditions specified.
3.1.1.5saturates
3.1.6 saturates—material that, on percolation in a n-pentane eluent, is not adsorbed on either the clay or silica gel under the
conditions specified.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample is diluted with solvent and charged to a glass percolation column containing clay in the upper section and silica
gel plus clay in the
...
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