ASTM D6883-04(2012)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D6883 − 04 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Practice for
Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars,
Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4 This sampling method is intended for use only when
sampling by more reliable methods that provide a probability
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining a manual
sample is not possible.
gross sample from beneath the surface of coal in railroad cars,
1.5 The quantities stated in either acceptable SI units or in
barges,trucks,orstockpiles.Theseproceduresaretobeusedto
inch-pound units are regarded separately as standard. The
provide gross samples for estimating the quality of the coal.
quantities stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
The gross samples are to be crushed, divided, and further
therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother,
prepared for analysis in accordance with Practice D2013.
without combining quantities in any way.
1.2 This practice provides instruction for sampling beneath
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
theexposedsurfacecoaltoadepthofapproximately61cm(24
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in.). Collect samples at this depth to get below the surface of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the material, since drying and oxidation may have occurred at,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
or near the surface. Changes in moisture, in particle size, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in other properties continue to occur deeper in the coal and,
although not as drastic as near the surface, will cause the
2. Referenced Documents
method to be biased. The user should review the conditions of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the coal (weather conditions, prior transport, settling time, and
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
so forth, see 8.1) so that the interested parties can agree that
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
potential biases are not overly great or that some adjustment in
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
specifications is warranted. Sample increments collected from
of Coal
the surface layer(s) of coal in railroad cars, barges, or stock-
D4749 Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of
piles are classified condition “D” (see Practice D2234/
Coal and Designating Coal Size
D2234M, Increment Collection Classification). It is a good
D4916 PracticeforMechanicalAugerSampling(Withdrawn
practice to require that “details of sampling procedure shall be
2008)
agreed upon in advance by all parties concerned” whenever
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
collectionofsampleincrementsfallsundercondition“D.”This
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
practice offers a sampling procedure that parties may use to
ASTM Test Methods
meet requirements of Practice D2234/D2234M for condition
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
“D.” The practice does not produce samples that satisfy
precision requirements of Practice D2234/D2234M general-
3. Terminology
purpose sampling, or Practice D2234/D2234M special-purpose
3.1 Definitions:
sampling.
3.1.1 consignment, n—a discrete amount of coal, such as a
1.3 The user is cautioned that samples of this type do not
shipment, a carload, a unit train, or a day’s production. A
satisfytheminimumrequirementsforprobabilitysamplingand
consignment may include more than one lot of coal and may
as such cannot be used to draw statistical inferences such as
correspond to a specific period of time such as sampling period
precision, standard error, or bias.
or billing period.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.23 on Sampling. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Orginally the ASTM website.
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6883–04. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6883-04R12. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6883 − 04 (2012)
3.1.2 particle segregation, n—the segregation of sized par- 7.2 Lot Size—All interested parties should agree to the size
ticlestospecificareasasaresultoftheparticlesrolling,falling, of the lot to be represented by one gross sample before
orslidingdownthesidesofapileoraresultofthepeculiarities sampling begins.
of a coal handling system used to build the pile. Particle
7.3 Weight of Increments—Increment weights are to be
segregation is a process of separation, not exclusively by size,
equal to, or in excess of, those contained in Table 2 of Practice
but by size, shape, and density.
D2234/D2234M. All increments should be of approximately
3.1.3 stockpile, n—material stored or reserved in a stacked
equal mass.
pile or heap.
7.4 Number of Increments—Meaningful levels of precision
4. Summary of Practice cannot be obtained with the methods described herein. Deter-
mine the number of increments to be collected for one gross
4.1 Use of this practice is limited to manual collection of
sample using Eq 1. Fewer increments are permissible if agreed
sample increments from beneath the surface layer(s) of station-
upon in advance. Since meaningful levels of precision cannot
ary coal from railroad cars, barges, trucks, or stockpiles for the
beobtainedforthesesamples,anymultipliercanbeconsidered
purpose of acquiring a gross sample.
valid in place of the number 35 in Eq 1 if agreed upon by the
parties concerned.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 These guidelines provide procedures for manually col-
total lot size Mg or tons
~ !
N 5 35Π(1)
lecting gross samples from beneath the exposed surface of coal
908 Mg or 1000 tons
in railroad cars, barges, trucks, or stockpiles taking into
where:
account the wide variety of conditions that may be encoun-
N = number of increments.
tered. The samples are further processed for the laboratory to
provide estimations of the coal quality. The use of this practice
7.5 Increment Collection—Collect increments from a depth
is conditional upon agreement among all interested parties
of approximately 61 cm (24 in.), on top of conveyances,
concerning all relevant details of sample collection before
around the base of the stockpile, and up the slopes of the pile.
sampling begins. These include, but are not limited to: lot size;
The angles of the sides of the holes should be less than the
number and mass of increments; the size, shape, and manipu-
angle of repose. Place the coal that is removed from the holes
lation of the increment collection devices; location of incre-
away from the sampling area. Remove the increment from the
ment collection site or sites; circumstances under which
bottom of the hole and place it into the container. Avoid any
increments are not to be collected or suspended; and safety
spillage.
precautions. It is preferable that such agreements be in writing.
7.5.1 The pattern of increment placement can be dependent
The user is cautioned that samples so obtained do not represent
upon the size and number of conveyances or height and shape
material below the point of penetration.
of the stockpile. Space the increments over the surface of the
coal so that each increment will represent equally sized areas.
6. Hazards
Thiswillrequiredifferentspacingofincrementsasthesizeand
6.1 Warning—Stockpile sampling involves exposure to
number of conveyances or the profile of the pile changes. The
hazardousoperations,conditions,andequipment.Awarenessto
Appendix contains a discussion of pattern selection for collec-
personnel safety cannot be overemphasized. Personnel may
tion of increments from coal in conveyances.
require approved federal and/or state safety training before
7.5.2 As increments are collected, protect them from con-
taking part in field sampling. Site-specific safety regulations
tamination and moisture change. Place the increments in
must be observed. This includes personnel wearing all speci-
plastic-lined canvas bags, metal drums with plastic liners,
fied personal protection equipment. The general safety precau-
plastic buckets with airtight lids, or other moisture impervious
tions necessary when working around moving equipment must
containers. Each sample must be clearly identified. Place a
be observed. Sampling technicians must never work in coal
moisture-proof identification tag inside the sample container
that is piled or in railroad cars over hoppers and/or feeders or
and attach another securely on the outside of the sample
where there is the possibility of the coal being eroded from
container. Sample identification shall include the sampling
beneath them. Sampling should never be performed near a face
technician’s initials, the date, the location, weather c
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