ASTM F1819-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetration by Synthetic Blood Using a Mechanical Pressure Technique
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetration by Synthetic Blood Using a Mechanical Pressure Technique
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was modeled after a procedure commonly known as the Elbow Lean Test.8 The Elbow Lean Test involves the application of synthetic blood to an ink pad, placement of sample fabric over the blood-soaked pad, placement of a blotter over the sample fabric, and applying elbow or fingertip pressure on top of the blotter. The blotter is then examined for staining as evidence of blood penetration. This test method provides similar procedures which standardize the test equipment and application of pressure through an adopted methodology.
5.2 This test method is intended to simulate actual use conditions wherein areas of the healthcare worker's protective clothing are soaked with blood and compressed between the patient's body and that of the healthcare worker, or similarly between the healthcare worker and instruments. In both cases, unconfined blood can move away from the pressure point taking the path of least resistance rather than being contained as in Test Methods F1670/F1670M and F1671/F1671M.
5.3 This test method uses predominately mechanical pressure as opposed to contained, hydrostatic pressure to demonstrate liquid penetration resistance (1, 2) . It simulates a single insult in which the outer surfaces of a protective clothing item are compressed at a steady rate by the wearer's body against a wet surface. This steady rate of compression represents one potential use scenario. Other scenarios may result in a wide variety of pressure ramp rates and profiles that are not simulated by the test apparatus.
5.4 Because this test method provides quantitative results, it is useful for discriminating differences in the liquid barrier performance of protective clothing materials. This test method can be used for measuring differences in the penetration pressure for protective clothing materials which do not pass Test Method F1670/F1670M.
5.5 This test method is normally used to evaluate specimens from individual finished items of protective cloth...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the resistance of materials used in protective clothing to synthetic blood under the conditions of liquid contact and increasing direct mechanical pressure. The penetration resistance of protective clothing is based on visual detection of synthetic blood penetration at a specific applied mechanical pressure.
1.2 This test method does not apply to all forms or conditions of blood-borne pathogen exposure. Users of the test method must review modes for work/clothing exposure and assess the appropriateness of this test method for their specific application.
1.3 This test method addresses only the performance of materials or certain material constructions (for example, seams) used in protective clothing. This test method does not address the design, overall construction, components, or interfaces of garments, or other factors which may affect the overall protection offered by the protective clothing.
1.4 The values in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1819 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to
Penetration by Synthetic Blood Using a Mechanical
1
Pressure Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Workers,primarilythoseinthehealthcareprofession,involvedintreatingandcaringforindividuals
injured or sick, can be exposed to biological liquids capable of transmitting disease. These diseases,
whichmaybecausedbyavarietyofmicroorganisms,canposesignificantriskstolifeandhealth.This
isespeciallytrueofblood-borneviruseswhichcauseHepatitis(HepatitisBVirus(HBV)andHepatitis
C Virus (HCV)) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (human immunodeficiency
viruses (HIV)). Since engineering controls cannot eliminate all possible exposures, attention is placed
on reducing the potential for direct skin contact through the use of protective clothing that resists
penetration (29 CFR Part 1910.1030).This test method was developed to help assess the effectiveness
of materials used in protective clothing for protecting the wearer against contact with body fluids that
potentially contain blood-borne pathogens. Using synthetic blood, this test method is intended to
determine the amount of mechanical pressure that will cause penetration of a liquid through a material
used in protective clothing.
1. Scope 1.4 The values in SI units or in other units shall be regarded
separately as standard. The values stated in each system must
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the resistance of
be used independently of the other, without combining values
materials used in protective clothing to synthetic blood under
in any way.
the conditions of liquid contact and increasing direct mechani-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cal pressure. The penetration resistance of protective clothing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
is based on visual detection of synthetic blood penetration at a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
specific applied mechanical pressure.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 This test method does not apply to all forms or condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions of blood-borne pathogen exposure. Users of the test
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
method must review modes for work/clothing exposure and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
assess the appropriateness of this test method for their specific
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
application.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 This test method addresses only the performance of mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
materials or certain material constructions (for example, Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
seams) used in protective clothing. This test method does not
2. Referenced Documents
address the design, overall construction, components, or inter-
2
facesofgarments, orotherfactorswhichmayaffectthe overall
2.1 ASTM Standards:
protection offered by the protective clothing.
D1331 Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension of
Solutions of Paints, Solvents, Solutions of Surface-Active
Agents, and Related Materials
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF23onPersonal
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
F23.40 on Biological. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1819 – 07 (2013). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1819-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1819 − 19
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials 3.1.4 hydrostatic pressure, n—the force exerted by a static
7
D3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area liquid (1).
(Weight) of Fabric
3.1.5 mechanical pressure, n—the force exerted by one
E105 Practice for Probability Sam
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1819 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) F1819 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to
Penetration by Synthetic Blood Using a Mechanical
1
Pressure Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1819; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Workers, primarily those in the health care healthcare profession, involved in treating and caring for
individuals injured or sick, can be exposed to biological liquids capable of transmitting disease. These
diseases, which may be caused by a variety of microorganisms, can pose significant risks to life and
health. This is especially true of blood-borne viruses which cause Hepatitis (Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (Human
Immunodeficiency Virusesacquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (human immunodeficiency
viruses (HIV)). Since engineering controls cannot eliminate all possible exposures, attention is placed
on reducing the potential for direct skin contact through the use of protective clothing that resists
penetration (29 CFR Part 1910.1030). This test method was developed to help assess the effectiveness
of materials used in protective clothing for protecting the wearer against contact with body fluids that
potentially contain blood-borne pathogens. Using synthetic blood, this test method is intended to
determine the amount of mechanical pressure that will cause penetration of a liquid through a material
used in protective clothing.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is used to evaluate the resistance of materials used in protective clothing to synthetic blood under the
conditions of liquid contact and increasing direct mechanical pressure. The penetration resistance of protective clothing is based
on visual detection of synthetic blood penetration at a specific applied mechanical pressure.
1.2 This test method does not apply to all forms or conditions of blood-borne pathogen exposure. Users of the test method must
review modes for work/clothing exposure and assess the appropriateness of this test method for their specific application.
1.3 This test method addresses only the performance of materials or certain material constructions (for example, seams) used
in protective clothing. This test method does not address the design, overall construction, components, or interfaces of garments,
or other factors which may affect the overall protection offered by the protective clothing.
1.4 The values in SI units or in other units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system must be
used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F23.40 on Biological.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013May 1, 2019. Published January 2013May 2019. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
F1819F1819 – 07 (2013).-07. DOI: 10.1520/F1819-07R13.10.1520/F1819-19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1819 − 19
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1331 Test Methods for Surface and Interfacial Tension of Solutions of Paints, Solvents, Solutions of Surface-Active Agents,
and Related Materials
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
D3776D3776/D3776M Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materi
...
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