ASTM D1461-17(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1461 − 17 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is used for determining either the
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct
amount of moisture or the amount of volatile petroleum
measurement, of moisture or volatile fractions of the asphalt in
distillates in asphalt mixtures.
asphalt mixtures.
3.2 Applicable standards are those in which measurements
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
or calibrations are made, samples are procured, or products are
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
selected.
standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
4. Apparatus
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
4.1 Metal Still—A vertical cylindrical still, similar to that
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
used in Test Method D6997, having a faced flange at the top to
as requirements of the standard.
which the head is tightly attached by means of a clamp. The
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
head shall be of metal, preferably of copper or brass, and shall
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
have a tube opening of 25.4 mm of inside diameter to facilitate
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
attachment of the specified trap/condenser assembly.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2 Condenser, of the water-cooled reflux glass-tube type,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
having a condenser jacket not less than 400 mm long with an
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
inner tube 9.5 to 12.7 mm in outside diameter. The end of the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
condenser inserted in the trap shall be ground off at an angle of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
30° from the vertical axis of the condenser. For mixtures with
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
very volatile solvents, it may be necessary to supplement this
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
water-cooled condenser with a second water-cooled condenser
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
of approximately the same dimensions.
4.3 Trap, of well-annealed glass, of one of the following
2. Referenced Documents
types depending upon the purpose of the test:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3.1 For determination of water in asphalt mixtures, a glass
D979/D979M Practice for Sampling Bituminous Paving
trap of 10 or 25 mL capacity shall be used. The trap shall be
Mixtures
graduated in 0.1 mL divisions with 60.05 mL maximum error
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
below 1 mL, and in 0.2 mL divisions with a 60.1 mL
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
maximum error above 1 mL, as specified in Table 1 and Figs.
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt 1-4. Tapered ball traps require adaptors for connection to the
metal still.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.25 on The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the
Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures. competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capacity, calibration,
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of
approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D1461 – 17. DOI: Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective
10.1520/D1461-17R22. testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of
the ASTM website. evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
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D1461 − 17 (2022)
TABLE 1 Dimensions and Sizes of Traps
Description
Smallest
Size of Scale
Scale
Top of Bottom of Bottom of
Style Figure Trap, Range, mL Error
Division,
Graduated Graduated Vapor
mL max, mL
mL
Tube Tube Tube
0to1.0 0.1 0.05
A$¯ joint conical $¯ joint 710 over 1.0 to 10.0 0.2 0.1
§ joint
B conical § joint 8
$¯ joint
C conical plain 9 0to1.0 0.1 0.05
D plain conical plain 10 25 over 1.0 to 25 0.2 0.1
5 0to5.0 0.1 0.05
E$¯ joint round $¯ joint 11 10 0to10.0 0.1 0.1
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 1 Traps (Style A)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 2 Traps (Style B)
4.3.2 For determination of the volatile fractions of the 4.4 Solvent—For general use, an aromatic solvent is
asphalt, the trap shall conform to the dimensions shown in Fig. preferred, since it has high solvency and dispersing power for
5. most asphalt materials. Xylene, or a blend of 20 % toluene and
D1461 − 17 (2022)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 3 Traps (Style C)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 4 Traps (Style D)
80 % xylene, is recommended. For asphalts and similar petro- the capacity of the trap calibration. Keep the remainder of the
leum products, a petroleum distillate, 5 % boiling between 90
sample in its tightly covered container. The weighed sample
and100 °C,and90 %distillingbelow210 °Cmaybeused.For
should be preferably not less than 500 g for normal mixtures.
coal tar, water-gas tar, and similar materials, the aromatic
Thoroughly break up this sample to avoid larger lumps, and
solvent must be used.
place it in the still.
4.5 Heating Device—Any satisfactory source of heat
...