ASTM F1599-95(2003)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F1599–95(Reapproved 2003)
Standard Guide for
Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.5 container body—the continuous portion of the device
that serves to provide structural strength and shape to the
1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the perfor-
device to contain the stored material.
mance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that
3.1.6 device weight—the dry weight of a fully assembled
would be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures.
temporary storage device.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.7 draft—the maximum vertical dimension of the device
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
below the water line.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.8 flotation—that portion of the device that provides
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
buoyancy.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
3.1.9 freeboard—the minimum vertical height of the device
tionary statements are given in 6.2.
above the water line; for open devices, this is the minimum
2. Referenced Documents height at which water can enter it.
3.1.10 handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other
2.1 ASTM Standards:
provision for grasping the device by hand.
F 625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Con-
3.1.11 lifting point—the structural point(s) on the device
trol Systems
designed for the attachment of a lifting device, such as a crane.
F 631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
3.1.12 liner—accessory or ancillary equipment that pro-
Controlled Environments
vides containment within the container body.
F 715 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill
3.1.13 mooring point—the structural point(s) along the
Control and Storage
length of the device designed for the attachment of anchor or
3. Terminology
mooring lines.
3.1.14 overall height—the maximum vertical dimension of
3.1 Definitions:
the device.
3.1.1 Design Terminology—Terms Associated With Tempo-
3.1.15 sail—the maximum vertical height of the device
rary Storage Device Design:
above the water-line.
3.1.2 accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or
3.1.16 shipping weight—the weight of the device when
in conjunction with a temporary storage device system but not
packaged for transportation.
included with the basic storage device and hose connectors,
3.1.17 shipping volume—the volume of the device when
that is, lights, paravanes, buoys, anchor systems, storage bags,
packaged for transportation.
repair kits, etc.
3.1.18 stiffener—a component that provides support to the
3.1.3 ancillary equipment—mechanical devices necessary
device.
to the operation of a given temporary storage device system,
3.1.19 temporary storage device—a collapsible device used
for example, air pumps, hydraulic power supplies, control
to store fluids temporarily.
manifolds, etc.
3.1.20 tension member—any component that carries tension
3.1.4 ballast—the weight applied to the device to improve
loads imposed on the device.
performance.
3.1.21 tow point—structural point(s) on the device designed
for the attachment of towing lines.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
3.1.22 Engineering Terminology—Terms Associated With
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Temporary Storage Device Engineering:
F20.11 on Control.
Current edition approved May 15, 1995. Published July 1995. 3.1.23 drag force—the resisting force on a device that
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
results from it being towed.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.24 gross buoyancy—the weight of fresh water displaced
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
by the device at the point of submergence.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1599–95 (2003)
3.1.25 gross buoyancy to weight ratio—the gross buoyancy particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion
divided by device weight. resistance of the container body, venting of the device during
3.1.26 heave response—the ability of the device to react to loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide
the vertical motion of the water surface. should be considered along with the test data when making
3.1.27 maximum capacity—the maximum volumetric ca- comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
pacity of the device as calculated from physical dimensions.
3.1.28 maximum dynamic load—the sum of all instanta-
5. Overall Observations
neousdynamicloads,includingthoseduetoacceleration,wave
5.1 For each of the tests that follow, the total manpower
forces, etc.
required to conduct the procedure and the required ancillary
3.1.29 operational capacity—the maximum volumetric ca-
equipment will be noted in the test record. In addition, the total
pacity of the device per application.
elapsed time for each portion of the tests will be noted.
3.1.30 pitch response—the tendency of the device to oscil-
5.2 Observations of the buoyancy and stability of the
late about its lateral axis.
deployed device will be made for the marine testing of towable
3.1.31 rated pressure—the maximum continuous operating
devices.
pressure of the device, as specified by the manufacturer.
5.3 Any observations relative to safety will be entered as
3.1.32 reserve buoyancy—the gross buoyancy minus device
part of the test record. These should include any hazardous
weight.
conditions noted and limitations due to weather conditions, as
3.1.33 reserve buoyancy to weight ratio—the reserve buoy-
well as any safety precautions that were observed or should be
ancy divided by device weight.
observed. If the manufacturer’s specified operating procedures
3.1.34 roll response—the tendency of the device to rotate
are found to be deficient relative to safety observations, this
about its longitudinal axis due to wave, wind, or current forces.
should be noted.
3.1.35 yaw response—the tendency of the device to oscil-
5.4 The test series should be videotaped to document the
late about its vertical axis.
tests and procedures.
3.1.36 Classification Terminology:
3.1.37 pillow tank—aclosed,generallyrectangularorround
6. Initial (Static) Loading Tests
coated fabric tank.
6.1 The storage device, and any enclosed ancillary equip-
3.1.38 open pool—an open, generally rectangular or round
ment(forexample,flotationcollars),shouldbesubjectedtothe
coated fabric tank, similar in structure to a 88wading pool.”
following tests using air or dyed water, as appropriate, in order
3.1.39 towable pillow tank—similar to a pillow tank used
to confirm the structural integrity and evaluate (qualitatively)
on land or on deck, but generally made of heavier material and
any leakage. The following is presented as a guideline in the
having special rigging for towing.
absence of manufacturer-supplied guidelines for performing
3.1.40 towable flexible tank—a storage device that is gen-
initial loading tests.
erally long and cylindrical in shape and, when full, is largely
6.2 Overpressure tests can be extremely dangerous, and
submerged, characterized by flexibility along the length of the
device. precautions should be taken against the possibility of sudden
and complete failure of the device. The following tests use
3.1.41 towable open tank—an open, inflatable, barge-type
large volumes of water or pressurized air, or both, that could
vessel that resembles a large inflatable boat, characterized by a
cause injury to personnel and serious damage to property if
portion of the top surface being open to atmosphere.
released suddenly.
4. Significance and Use
6.3 Closed Devices and Enclosed Ancillaries:
4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in
6.3.1 Leak Test—The storage device should be inflated with
the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and
air to a test pressure, calculated as follows:
offloading rates, and towability under controlled test condi-
s
tions. The data can be used for evaluating the design charac- P 5
15r
teristics of a particular temporary storage device or as a means
of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised where:
wheneverthetestdataareusedtopredictperformanceinactual P = test pressure (Pa),
s = minimum ultimate tensile strength of material (N/m),
spillsituationssincetheuncontrolledenvironmentalconditions
and
that affect performance in the field are rarely identical to
r = radius of largest section (m).
conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechani-
6.3.2 Allowthestoragedevicetostandfor30minatthetest
cal reliability, the presence of debris, ease of repair, required
pressure 610 %. Maintaining the test pressure within 610 %,
operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also
apply a soapy water solution liberally to the seam areas, fitting
affect performance in an actual spill but are not included in this
joints, valves, and all fabric areas. Record and mark air
guide.These variables should be considered along with the test
seepage.
data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary
storage devices.
NOTE 1—Theinspectormustdeterminewhatisanacceptableleaksince
4.2 Althoughthisguideprovidesdataontheperformanceof
some small air leaks may not necessarily mean that a liquid would leak
temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual
throughthesamehole.Also,someairbubblesmaybecausedbyairforced
conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In out between the fabric layers and would not cause a liquid leak.
F1599–95 (2003)
6.3.2.1 Mark and record the location and extent of any recovery operation. The test will be considered concluded
surfaceorseamirregularities,blisters,orcracks.Recheckthese when the response vessel has completed all towing tests and
areas carefully for leaks. The inspector must determine the recovered and stowed the device in a safe and proper configu-
acceptable level of such surface irregularities. ration.
6.3.3 The storage device may be re-tested if leaks can be
7.2.3 While towing the device, the required towing force
stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
will be measured as a function of increasing tow speed.
repairs.
Dynamic loads should be measured using a recently calibrated
6.3.4 Overpressure—Pressurize the device to 150 % of the
load cell. During the towing tests, manufacturer-specified
rated pressure (defined in 4.2). Hold for 30 min, and then
maximum design loads must be respected with due regard to
reduce the pressure to a safe level and inspect for leaks.
maximum dynamic load.
6.3.5 If the device exhibits leaks that are not structural
7.2.4 Observations should be noted in the test record con-
failures,reworkitandrepeattheleaktestof6.3.1.Ifthedevice
cerning the device behavior as the towing speed and wave
exhibits leaks that are from structural failure (that is, loose
approach angle are varied. Observations of stability should
seams, fabric failure, etc.), rework it as necessary and repeat
includeverticalstability,twisting,diving,snaking,andyawing.
the overpressure test of 6.3.4.
Any distortion of the device or other problem causing insta-
6.3.6 Closed devices may also be tested using the proce-
bility, loss of recovered product, or unacceptable list, trim, or
dures of 6.4 to determine whether minor air bubble leaks
bow submergence should be noted. The draft and freeboard of
permit water to leak through the fabric.
the device should be noted in the test record for each of the
6.4 Open Devices:
loading conditions tested.
6.4.1 Leak Test—The following leak test for open devices
7.2.5 During the progress of the test, careful monitoring
can be performed only with the device out of water. If the
must take place to detect the following: wave-induced motions
device cannot be suspended to allow observation of its bottom
and inertial or free-surface effects, particularly as they may
whenfull,asheetofwhitewatersorbentclothshouldbeplaced
affect control and maneuverability; pitch, roll, heave, and bow
under it to indicate leaks.
submergence; leaks from vents, gages, loading hoses, and the
6.4.2 Fill the device with water to its full operating level.
container body; and breakaway or damage to external flotation
Color the water with a water marker dye that provides a good
or buoyancy devices.
color contrast with the storage device and sorbent cloth.Allow
7.2.6 If any of the previously listed or other problems
the device to stand for 2 h.
develop during the test, they should be described fully in the
6.4.3 Observe and mark obvious leaks. Wipe the seam and
test report, including notation of the following data: time,
leaking areas with a white water sorbent cloth, and determine
volume and nature of fluid in the device, direction of impact of
whethercoloredwaterhasleakedthrough.Markandrecordthe
the waves, speed at which the device was under tow, and any
leaks. No splits or blisters in the coating or seams shall be
towing vessel action that may have influenced the problem.
acceptable.
7.2.7 Empty Temporary Storage Device Towing Test:
6.4.4 Thestoragedevicemaybere-testediftheleakscanbe
7.2.7.1 The test should be begun by towing the device in an
stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
empty condition. The speed should be built up gradually to the
repairs.
manufacturer’s recommended maximum towing speed. If it is
not possible or practical to attain or maintain this speed, the
7. Deployment, Loading, and Towing Tests
reasons will be noted and entered as part of the test record.The
7.1 General—A visual examination of the device will be
test should continue at the highest speed practical.
conducted once the temporary storage device has been made
7.2.7.2 While towing the device, it should be subjected to a
ready for deployment. The material specifications and opera-
variety of wave conditions and to varying angles of attack. At
tional limitations of the hose coupling mechanisms and any
5 min intervals, the movement of the device should be varied
other fittings, such as towing bridle, drogue attachments, or
in 45-degree increments such that the device encounters waves
securing devices, should be re
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