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ASTM D7386-08

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems

Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a guide for the evaluation of shipping units in accordance with a uniform system, using established test methods at levels representative of those occurring in actual distribution. The recommended test levels are based on available information on the shipping and handling environment, and current industry/government practice and experience. The tests should be performed sequentially on the same containers in the order given. For use as a performance test, this practice requires that the shipping unit tested remain unopened until the sequence of tests are completed. If used for other purposes, such as package development, it may be useful to open and inspect shipping units at various times throughout the sequence. This may, however, prohibit evaluating the influence of the container closure on container performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in a laboratory, the ability of shipping units, weighing up to but not exceeding 150 lb (68 kg), intended for the single parcel delivery system to withstand the hazards associated with the distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated hazard elements encountered in the distribution cycles. This practice is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing pre-shipment test procedures.
1.2 The suitability of this practice for use with hazardous materials has not been determined.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Feb-2008
ICS
55.180.40 - Complete, filled transport packages
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7386-12 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Referred By
ASTM D6198-18 - Standard Guide for Transport Packaging Design
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008
Referred By
ASTM F2097-20 - Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008
Referred By
ASTM D5639/D5639M-20 - Standard Practice for Selection of Corrugated Fiberboard Materials and Box Construction Based on Performance Requirements
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7860-14(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Torque Retention for Child Resistant and Non-Child Resistant Packages with Continuous Thread Closures Using Automated Torque Testing Equipment
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008
Referred By
ASTM D4728-17(2022) - Standard Test Method for Random Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008
Referred By
ASTM D4169-22 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
Effective Date
15-Feb-2008

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ASTM D7386-08 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery SystemsASTM D7386-08 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems
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ASTM D7386-08 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7386–08
Standard Practice for
Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery
1
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Packaging Components for Testing
D5265 Test Method for Bridge Impact Testing
1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in
D5487 TestMethodforSimulatedDropofLoadedContain-
a laboratory, the ability of shipping units, weighing up to but
ers by Shock Machines
not exceeding 150 lb (68 kg), intended for the single parcel
D6179 TestMethodsforRoughHandlingofUnitizedLoads
delivery system to withstand the hazards associated with the
and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting
D6344 Test Method for Concentrated Impacts to Transport
them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated
Packages
hazard elements encountered in the distribution cycles. This
D6653 Test Methods for Determining the Effects of High
practice is not intended to supplant material specifications or
Altitude on Packaging Systems by Vacuum Method
existing pre-shipment test procedures.
1.2 The suitability of this practice for use with hazardous
3. Terminology
materials has not been determined.
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for the packaging and
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
distribution environments are found in Terminology D996.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2.1 acceptance criteria—the acceptable quality level that
and are not considered standard.
must be met after the shipping unit has been subjected to the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
test plan. See Section 7.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 assurance level—the level of test intensity based on
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
its probability of occurring in a typical shipment.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 hazard element—a specific event that occurs in a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
shipment that may pose a hazard to a shipping unit. The
tionary statements are given in 1.1.
elementwillusuallybesimulatedbyasingletestschedule.See
2. Referenced Documents Section 9.
2
3.2.4 shipping unit—the smallest complete unit that will be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
subjected to the distribution environment, for example, a
D951 Test Method for Water Resistance of Shipping Con-
shipping container and its contents.
tainers by Spray Method
3.2.5 single parcel delivery system—distribution carrier that
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
transports packages weighing up to 150 lb through ground
ments
and/or air transport systems.
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
3.2.6 test plan—a specific listing of the test sequence to be
followed to simulate the hazards anticipated during the distri-
bution cycle of a shipping unit. Included will be the test
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging
intensity and number of sequential tests to be conducted. See
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD10.21onShippingContainersand
8.1.
Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
3.2.7 test schedule—the specific procedure to be used,
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2008. Published March 2008. DOI: 10.1520/
D7386-08.
including the three assurance level intensities (if applicable),
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and a reference to the test method that is the basis of the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
schedule.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7386–08
3.2.8 unitizing bag—a bag made of a poly material, mea-
suring approximately 39 by 27 in. (991 by 686 mm), used to
contain and transport several small sized packages and enve-
lopes.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice provides a guide for the evaluation of
shipping units in accordance with a uniform system, using
established test methods at levels representative of those
occurring in actual distribution. The recommended test levels
FIG. 1
...

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4.1 Compressive resistance is one of the properties used to evaluate the ability of shipping containers, components, and unit loads to successfully survive the compressive forces they are subjected to during storage and distribution (see Note 1).
Note 1: For constant load test refer to Test Method D4577.  
4.2 Compressive resistance may be determined with either fixed- or swiveled-platen-type testing machines. However, a fixed-head compression machine is required to perform edge-to-edge and corner-to-corner orientations on test specimens (see Note 2). Also, unit loads are generally tested only in the top-to-bottom orientation.
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1.1 This test method covers compression tests on shipping containers (for example, boxes and drums) or components, or both. Shipping containers may be tested with or without contents. The procedure may be used for measuring the ability of the container to resist external compressive loads applied to its faces, to diagonally opposite edges, or to corners. This test method covers testing of multiple containers or unit loads, in addition to individual shipping containers, components, materials, or combination thereof.  
1.2 The test method of applying load may be used to compare the characteristics of a given design of container with a standard, or to compare the characteristics of containers differing in construction.  
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1.4 The test may be conducted with the container loaded with contents and interior packaging in cases where the contents share the load.  
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1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems

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4.1 This practice provides a guide for the evaluation of shipping units in accordance with a uniform system, using established test methods at levels representative of those occurring in actual distribution. The recommended test levels are based on available information on the shipping and handling environment, and current industry/government practice and experience. The tests should be performed sequentially on the same containers in the order given. For use as a performance test, this practice requires that the shipping unit tested remain unopened until the sequence of tests are completed. If used for other purposes, such as package development, it may be useful to open and inspect shipping units at various times throughout the sequence. This may, however, prohibit evaluating the influence of the container closure on container performance.
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1.1 This practice provides a uniform basis of evaluating, in a laboratory, the ability of shipping units, weighing up to but not exceeding 150 lb (68 kg), intended for the single parcel delivery system to withstand the hazards associated with the distribution environment. This is accomplished by subjecting them to a test plan consisting of a sequence of anticipated hazard elements encountered in the distribution cycles. This practice is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing pre-shipment test procedures.  
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.1.

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1.1 This specification covers the procedures for testing loaded shipping containers. Drop, vibration and compression tests are performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from shock, vibration and compressive forces encountered during normal export handling and shipping conditions. This specification is not intended to supplant material specifications or existing preshipment test procedures. This specification is not intended for use with hazardous materials.  
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5.3 This test is a useful research tool for optimizing package sealing parameters and for comparatively evaluating various packages and materials. This test method is also applicable to production settings as it is rapid, non-invasive, and non-destructive, making it useful for either 100 % on-line testing or to perform tests on a statistical sampling from the production operation.  
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1.1.3 Rigid, nonporous packages.  
1.1.4 Flexible, nonporous packages.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compressive resistance is one of the properties used to evaluate the ability of shipping containers, components, and unit loads to successfully survive the compressive forces they are subjected to during storage and distribution (see Note 1).
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5.2 These test methods are frequently used to quickly evaluate packages during the manufacturing process and at various stages of the package's life cycle.  
5.3 If correlations between pieces of test equipment are to be made, it is important that all parameters of the test method be exactly the same. Typical parameters may include, but are not limited to, package size, material, seal configuration, test equipment, rate of air flow into the package, sensitivity (machine response to pressure drop), and position of test article (see Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Open Package Test Positions  
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1.1 These test methods explain the procedure for determining the ability of packages to withstand internal pressurization.  
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1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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These practices cover the packaging, marking, and loading of steel products for shipment, and are intended to deliver the products to their destination in good condition. It is also intended that these recommendations be used as guides for attaining uniformity, simplicity, adequacy, and economy in the shipment of steel products. These practices cover semi-finished steel products, bars, bar-size shapes and sheet pilings, rods, wire and wire products, tubular products, plates, sheets, and strips, tin mill products, and castings.
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1.1 This guide covers the packaging, marking, and loading of steel products for shipment. Assuming proper handling in transit, this guide is intended to assist shippers in packaging and loading steel products to arrive at their destination safely and in good condition. It is also intended that this guide may be used for attaining uniformity, simplicity, sufficiency, and economy in the shipment of steel products.  
1.2 This guide applies to semi-finished steel products, bars, structural shapes and sheet piling, rods, wire and wire products, tubular products, plates, sheets, and strips, tin mill products, and castings.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers one type of lightweight field and mobile rigid wall shelter designed for transport by cargo truck, fixed or rotary winged aircraft, by rail, and ship, designated as Shelter, Electrical Equipment S-250/G.  
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This specification covers the procedures for testing loaded shipping containers. Drop and vibration tests are performed to measure the ability of the shipping container to protect the product from the shock and vibration the container receives during normal handling and transporting. This specification is not intended for use with hazardous materials. The procedures are suitable for all types of laboratory apparatus, including reusable and disposable macro and micro products.
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