ASTM A534-17(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A534 −17 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Carburizing Steels for Anti-Friction Bearings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* A752 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
and Coarse Round Wire, Alloy Steel (Withdrawn 2011)
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for carburiz-
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
ing bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of
Steel
anti-friction bearings.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
Blooms, and Forgings
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
Alloys by Various Combustion and Inert Gas Fusion
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard. Techniques
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ization of Steel Specimens
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.2 ISO Standard:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3. Ordering Information
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following information:
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1 Quantity,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 Alloy grade identification,
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
3.1.4 Dimensions, shape, and
A255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements.
A304 Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Bars Subject
to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements
4. Materials and Manufacture
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and
providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of
Alloy Steel
this specification.
A519/A519M Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy
Steel Mechanical Tubing
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown
Steel Products
in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods and
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Practices A751. The chemical composition thus determined
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.28 on Bearing and Power Transmission Steels. shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for the
Current edition approved March 1, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A534 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/A0534-17R22. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
the ASTM website. Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A534 − 17 (2022)
A,B
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
C D
ISO Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni Mo Cu (max) O (max) Al (max)
. . . 4118H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.70 . . . 0.08 - 0.15 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4320H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 1.55 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4620H 0.17 - 0.23 0.35 - 0.75 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 1.55 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4720H 0.17 - 0.23 0.45 - 0.75 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.30 - 0.60 0.85 - 1.25 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4817H 0.14 - 0.20 0.30 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 3.20 - 3.80 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 4820H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 . . . 3.20 - 3.80 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 5120H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.60 - 1.00 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 8617H 0.14 - 0.20 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 0.35 - 0.75 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 8620H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 0.35 - 0.65 0.35 - 0.75 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
. . . 9310H 0.07 - 0.13 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.15 - 0.35 1.00 - 1.45 2.95 - 3.55 0.08 - 0.15 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20Cr3+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 1.00 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.60 - 1.00 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20Cr4+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20MnCr4-2+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.65 - 1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.40 - 0.75 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 17MnCr5+H 0.14 - 0.19 1.00 - 1.30 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.80 - 1.10 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 19MnCr5+H 0.17 - 0.22 1.10 - 1.40 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.00 - 1.30 . . . . . . 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 15CrMo4+H 0.12 - 0.18 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20CrMo4+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.90 - 1.20 . . . 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20MnCrMo4-2+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.65 - 1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.40 - 0.75 . . . 0.10 - 0.20 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20MnNiCrMo3-2+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.60 - 0.95 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.35 - 0.70 0.40 - 0.70 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 20NiCrMo7+H 0.17 - 0.23 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 0.35 - 0.65 1.60 - 2.00 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 18CrNiMo7-6+H 0.15 - 0.21 0.50 - 0.90 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.50 - 1.80 1.40 - 1.70 0.25 - 0.35 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 18NiCrMo14-6+H 0.15 - 0.20 0.40 - 0.70 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.30 - 1.60 3.25 - 3.75 0.15 - 0.25 0.30 0.0020 0.050
ISO 16NiCrMo16-5+H 0.14 - 0.18 0.25 - 0.55 0.025 0.015 0.40 max 1.00 - 1.40 3.80 - 4.30 0.20 - 0.30 0.30 0.0020 0.050
A
Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchaser.
B
Intentional additions of calcium or calcium alloys for deoxidation or inclusion shape control are not permitted unless specifically approved by the purchaser.
C
Steels listed as ISO meet the requirements of ISO 683, Part 17, Third Edition, Table 3 and Table 5.
D
Oxygen content applies to product analysis and shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E1019.
ordered grade, or to other requirements agreed upon between 7.2.2 For bottom poured products, a minimum of six
manufacturer and purchaser. samples shall be examined and they shall represent the top and
bottom of three ingots. One ingot shall be taken at random
5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in
from the first usable plate poured, one ingot, at random, from
accordancewithTestMethodsandPracticesA751.Permissible
the usable plate poured nearest to the middle of the heat and
variations in product analysis shall be in accordance with
one ingot, at random, from the last usable plate poured. When
Specification A29/A29M, Practices, and Terminology.
two usable plates constitute a heat, two of the sample ingots
6. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations shall be selected from the second usable plate poured. Where a
single usable plate constitutes a heat, any three random ingots
6.1 The size and shape of the material shall be agreed upon
may be selected. Other methods of sampling shall be as agreed
between manufacturer and purchaser.
upon by manufacturer and purchaser.
6.2 Dimensional tolerances shall conform to the require-
7.2.3 For strand cast products, a minimum of six samples
ments specified in Specifications A29/A29M, A510/A510M,
representingthefirst,middle,andlastusableportionoftheheat
A519/A519M,or A752 as appropriate for the material or as
cast shall be examined.At least one sample shall be taken from
agreed between manufacturer and purchaser.
each strand.
6.3 The dimensional tolerances for the forgings shall con-
7.3 Inclusion Rating—The polished face of the specimens
form to the requirements of the engineering drawing.
3 3
shallbe ⁄8 in.by ⁄4in.(9.5 mmby19.1mm)andshallbetaken
from an area halfway between the center and outside of the
7. Quality Assurance
billetorforgedsections.Thepolishedfaceshallbelongitudinal
7.1 The supplier shall be held responsible for the quality of
to the direction of rolling. The scale used for rating the
the material furnished and shall make the necessary tests to
specimens shall be the Jernkontoret chart described in Test
ensure this quality. The supplier shall be required to report on
Methods E45, Method A, Plate I-A. Fields with sizes or
the results of the micro-inclusion rating tests detailed below.
numbers of all ty
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