ASTM C1491-01

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: C 1491 – 01
Standard Specification for
Concrete Roof Pavers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1491; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope lated Concrete Units
1.1 This specification covers concrete roof pavers that are
3. Terminology
machine-made from portland cement, water, and suitable
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C 1209 and Ter-
mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other
minology C 1232 shall apply to this specification.
materials, for use as roof ballast and protection of roof
membranes.
4. Material
NOTE 1—The design of roof ballast systems for resisting wind uplift is
4.1 Cementitious Materials—Materials shall conform to the
beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards
following applicable specifications:
should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C 150.
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
4.1.2 Modified Portland Cement—Portland cement con-
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
forming to Specification C 150, modified as follows:
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
4.1.2.1 Limestone—Limestone, with a minimum 85 % cal-
as requirements of the standard.
cium carbonate (CaCO ) content, shall be permitted to be
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
added to the cement, provided the requirements of Specifica-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
tion C 150 are modified as follows:
information only.
(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue—1.5 %.
(2) Limitation on Air Content of Mortar—Volume percent,
2. Referenced Documents
22 % max.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(3) Limitation on Loss on Ignition—7 %.
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
4.1.3 Blended Cements—Cement conforming to either
C 140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete
Specification C 595 or Specification C 1157.
Masonry Units and Related Units
4.1.4 Pozzolans—Specification C 618.
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
4.1.5 Blast Furnace Slag—Specification C 989.
C 331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Con-
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following
crete Masonry Units
specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
necessarily apply:
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C 33.
Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C 331.
Concrete
4.3 Other Constituents—Air-entraining agents, coloring
C 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace
pigments, integral water repellents, finely ground silica, and
Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars
other constituents shall be previously established as suitable for
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
use in concrete roof pavers and shall conform to applicable
C 1209 Terminology of Concrete Masonry Units and Re-
ASTM standards or shall be shown by test or experience
lated Units
satisfactory to the purchaser to be not detrimental to the
C 1232 Terminology of Masonry
durability of the units or any material customarily used in
C 1262 Test Method for Evaluating the Freeze-Thaw Dura-
concrete roof pavers.
bility of Manufactured Concrete Masonry Units and Re-
5. Physical Requirements
5.1 At the time of delivery to the work site, the units shall
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
conform to the physical requirements of Table 1 and shall have
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
a minimum net area average compression strength (average of
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2001. Published February 2001.
3 units) of 3000 psi (20.68 MPa) with no individual unit
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3 compressive strength less than 2600 psi (17.93 MPa) when
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
tested in accordance with 8.2.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
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C 1491
TABLE 1 Absorption Requirements for Concrete Roof Pavers
method of manufacture or minor chipping resulting from
Maximum Water Absorption, customary methods of handling in shipment and delivery are
Concrete Density,
3 3
lb/ft (kg/m )
3 3
not grounds for rejection.
lb/ft (kg/m )
(average of 3 units)
7.2 Five percent of the units in a shipment are permitted to
95 (1522) or less 15 (240)
contain chips not larger than 1 in. (25.4 mm) in any dimension,
over 95 to 115 (1522 to 1842) 13 (208)
or cracks not wider than 0.02 in. (0.5 mm) and not longer than
over 115 (1842) or more 10 (160)
25 % of the nominal height of the unit.
8. Sampling and Testing
5.2 Resistance to Flexural Load—The average resistance to
8.1 The purchaser or authorized representative shall be
flexural load for three paver units shall exceed 350 lb (1557 N)
accorded proper facilities to inspect and sample the units at the
and resistance to flexural load of each individual unit shall
place of manufacture from the lots ready for delivery.
exceed 280 lb (1246 N) when tested in accordance with 8.2.
8.2 Sample and test units for compressive strength, flexural
5.3 Ballast Weight—Requirements for ballast wei
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