ASTM E126-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers
Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish a common method by which manufacturers, calibration laboratories, and users of hydrometers may inspect, verify, or calibrate them.
4.2 The goal is to provide a standard method that is simple, easily understood, and will produce reliable results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E126 −19
Standard Test Method for
Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM
1
Hydrometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light
Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to
mometers
ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
etry
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
cal conversions to SI units that are provided for information
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
onlyandarenotconsideredstandard.Themetricequivalentsof
E2995 Specification for ASTM Thermohydrometers with
inch-pound units may be approximate.
Integral Low-Hazard Thermometers
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.2 Other Documents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ANSI/NCSLI Guide to Expression of Uncertainty in Mea-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
surement
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions—The definitions given inTerminology E344
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
apply.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 API gravity, n—a relative index of density for petro-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
leum products developed by theAmerican Petroleum Institute.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
API gravity is defined as:
2. Referenced Documents
API Gravity,deg 5 @141.5/ rel. density 60/60 °F # 2 131.5 (1)
~ !
2
Values of API gravity are typically expressed in degrees API,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
that is, 39.60 °API.
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
3.2.2 comparator, n—in this test method, a glass or other
Gases, Manual Method
transparent cylinder to contain a liquid in which hydrometers
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
may be compared. Examples of suitable comparators are given
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
in Appendix X1.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
3.2.3 density, n—mass of a unit volume of material.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Unitsofdensityinhydrometersinclude
3
1 kg/l (kilograms per liter), kg/m (kilograms per cubic meter),
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on
Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05 and g/l (grams per liter); each typically expressed as mass per
3
on Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
volume at a specified temperature, that is, kg/m at 15 °C. As
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
3
of this writing, only the kg/m at 15 °C scale is offered in
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E126 – 13a. DOI:
ASTM hydrometers (see Specification E100).
10.1520/E0126-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.2.4 relative density (formerly specific gravity), n—ratio of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the mass of a given volume of material at a stated temperature
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tothemassofanequalvolumeofgas-freedistilledwateratthe
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E126−19
NOTE 1—The relative density (specific gravity) of liquids used in
same or different temperature. B
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E126 − 13a E126 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM
1
Hydrometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of
ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general hydrometers
of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The metric equivalents of
inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
E2995 Specification for ASTM Thermohydrometers with Integral Low-Hazard Thermometers
2.2 Other Documents
ANSI/NCSLI Guide to Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The definitions given in Terminology E344 apply.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 API gravity, n—a relative index of density for petroleum products developed by the American Petroleum Institute. API
gravity is defined as:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05 on
Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013May 1, 2019. Published December 2013May 2019. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
E126 – 13.E126 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/E0126-13a.10.1520/E0126-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E126 − 19
API Gravity,deg 5 141.5/ rel. density 60/60 °F 2 131.5 (1)
@ ~ !#
Values of API gravity are typically expressed in degrees API, that is, 39.60 °API.
3.2.2 comparator, n—in this test method, a glass or other transparent cylinder to contain a liquid in which hydrometers may be
compared. Examples of suitable comparators are given in Appendix X1.
3.2.3 density, n—mass of a unit volume of material.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—
3
Units of density in hydrometers include kg/l (kilograms per liter), kg/m (kilograms per cubic meter), and g/l (grams per liter); each
3 3
typically expressed as mass per volume at a specified temperature, that is, kg/m at 15 °C. As of this writing, only the kg/m at
15 °C scale is offered in ASTM hydrometers (see Specification E100).
3.2.4 relative density (formerly specific gravity), n—ratio of the mass
...
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