ASTM A965/A965M-23

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A965/A965M − 21a A965/A965M − 23
Standard Specification for
Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High
Temperature Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A965/A965M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers austenitic stainless steel forgings for boilers, pressure vessels, high temperature parts, and associated
equipment.
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing, inspection, or processing is required. In addition,
supplementary requirements from Specification A788/A788M may be specified when appropriate.
1.3 This specification includes the austenitic steel forgings that were a part of Specification A336/A336M.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A336/A336M Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A745/A745M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A1058 Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products—Metric
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2021November 2023. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as
A965/A965MA965/A965M – 21a.-21. DOI: 10.1520/A0965_A0965M-21A.10.1520/A0965_A0965M-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A965/A965M − 23
2.2 Other Standards:
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, including Section VIII Pressure Vessels and Section IX
A5.11/A5.11M Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
A5.14/A5.14M Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A788/A788M, the intended use should be stated if 5.1 is to
be applicable.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,
product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, the requirements
of this specification shall prevail.
3.4 If the forgings are intended for use under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code at temperatures exceeding 1000 °F
[540 °C], then use Supplementary Requirement S7. Grain size requirements for service exceeding 1000 °F [540 °C] should be
specified unless the required grade has the suffix “H.” This requirement does not apply to Grade F35030 forgings unless stated on
the purchase order.
4. Melting and Forging
4.1 In addition to the melting and forging requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which may include Supplementary
Requirement S8, the following condition applies:
4.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious pipe and undue segregation.
5. Machining
5.1 Forged pressure vessels for steam power service shall have the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressure vessels
shall have the inner surfaces sufficiently free of scale to permit inspection.
5.2 When rough machining is performed, it may be done either before or after heat treatment.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 Forgings shall be furnished in the solution treated condition. On completion of forging operations, the forgings shall be
solution annealed and quenched in water, oil, or a polymer water solution. Direct quenching after completion of forging without
subsequent reheating to the temperatures prescribed in 6.2 – 6.12 is not permissible.
6.2 For Grades F304H, F309H, F310H, F316H, F321H, F347H, and F348H, the minimum solution annealing temperature shall
be 1925 °F [1050 °C].
6.3 Grade FXM-11 shall be solution annealed at a minimum of 1950 °F [1065 °C].
6.4 Grade F20 shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 1700 °F to 1850 °F [925 °C to 1010 °C].
6.5 Grade F46 shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 2010 °F to 2140 °F [1100 °C to 1170 °C].
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130, Miami, FL 33166-6672, http://www.aws.org.
A965/A965M − 23
6.6 Grade F62 shall be solution annealed at a minimum of 2025 °F [1107 °C].
6.7 Grade F904L shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 1920 °F to 2100 °F [1050 °C to 1150 °C].
6.8 Grade F700 shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 2025 °F to 2100 °F [1107 °C to 1150 °C].
6.9 Grades FNIC and F1925 shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 1800 °F to 1900 °F [985 °C to 1040 °C].
6.10 Grades FNIC10 and FNIC11 shall be solution annealed in the temperature range of 2100 °F to 2150 °F [1150 °C to 1180 °C].
6.11 Grade F1925N shall be solution annealed at a minimum of 2150 °F [1180 °C].
6.12 The remaining grades in Table 1 shall be solution annealed at a minimum temperature of 1900 °F [1040 °C].
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from sampling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M shall comply with
Table 1.
7.2 Product Analysis—The manufacturer shall use the product analysis provision of Specification A788/A788M to obtain a
product analysis from a forging representing each heat or multiple heat. The product analysis tolerances for carbon shall not apply,
and the carbon requirements shall conform to Table 1.
7.3 Types (common names) and UNS designations follow:
Grade Type UNS Designation
F304 304 S30400
F304H 304H S30409
F304L 304L S30403
F304N 304N S30451
F304LN 304LN S30453
F309H 309H S30909
F310 310 S31000
F310H 310H S31009
F316 316 S31600
F316H 316H S31609
F316L 316L S31603
F316N 316N S31651
F316LN 316LN S31653
F70 . S31730
F321 321 S32100
F321H 321H S32109
F347 347 S34700
F347H 347H S34709
F347LN 347LN S34751
F348 348 S34800
F348H 348H S34809
FXM-19 XM19 S20910
FXM-11 XM11 S21904
F20 Alloy 20 N08020
F46 . S30600
F62 . N08367
F904L 904L N08904
F700 . N08700
FNIC NIC N08800
FNIC10 NIC10 N08810
FNIC11 NIC11 N08811
F1925 1925 N08925
F1925N 1925N N08926
F35030 . S35030
A965/A965M − 23
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Element
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Niobium Nitrogen Other
Grade UNS
Designation
F304 S30400 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . . .
F304H S30409 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . . .
F304L S30403 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–12.0 18.0–20.0 . . . .
F304N S30451 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . 0.10–0.16 .
F304LN S30453 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–20.0 . . 0.10–0.16 .
F309H S30909 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 12.0–15.0 22.0–24.0 . . . .
F310 S31000 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.00 . . . .
F310H S31009 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–22.0 24.0–26.00 . . . .
F316 S31600 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
F316H S31609 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–14.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
F316L S31603 0.035 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 10.0–15.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . . .
F316N S31651 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–13.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . 0.10–0.16 .
F316LN S31653 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 10.0–13.0 16.0–18.0 2.00–3.00 . 0.10–0.16 .
F70 S31730 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 15.0–16.5 17.0–19.0 3.0–4.0 . 0.045 Cu 4.0–5.0
F321 S32100 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–12.0 17.0–19.0 . . 0.10 Ti
5×(C+N)–
0.70
F321H S32109 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–12.0 17.0–19.0 . . . Ti
4×(C+N)–
0.70
B
F347 S34700 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–12.0 17.0–19.0 . 10×C–1.10 . .
F347H S34709 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0-12.0 17.0–19.0 . 8×C-1.10 . .
F347LN S34751 0.005–0.020 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–13.0 17.0–19.0 . 0.20–0.50 0.06–0.10 .
15×C min
F348 S34800 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–12.0 17.0–19.0 . 10×C–1.10 . Co 0.020,
Ta 0.10
F348H S34809 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 9.0–12.0 17.0–19.0 . 8×C–1.10 . Co 0.020,
Ta 0.10
FXM-19 S20910 0.06 4.0-6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 20.5–23.5 1.50–3.00 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.40 V 0.10–0.30
FXM-11 S21904 0.04 8.0-10.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.5–7.5 19.0–21.5 . . 0.15–0.40 .
F20 N08020 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 32.0–38.0 19.0–21.0 2.00–3.00 8×C . Cu 3.0–4.0
min–1.00
F46 S30600 0.018 2.00 0.020 0.020 3.7-4.3 14.0–15.5 17.0-18.5 0.20 . . Cu 0.50
F62 N08367 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.5–25.5 20.0–22.0 6.0–7.0 . 0.18–0.25 .
F904L N08904 0.020 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 23.0–28.0 19.0–23.0 4.0–5.0 . 0.10 Cu 1.00–2.00
F700 N08700 0.04 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–23.0 4.3–5.0 8×C min . Cu 0.50
0.40 max
FNIC N08800 0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 30.0–35.0 19.0–23.0 . . . Ti 0.15–0.60
Al 0.15–0.60
Cu 0.75
Fe 39.5 min
FNIC10 N08810 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 30.0–35.0 19.0–23.0 . . . Ti 0.15–0.60
Al 0.15–0.60
Cu 0.75
Fe 39.5 min
C
FNIC11 N08811 0.06–0.10 1.50 0.040 0.015 1.0
...