ASTM D4637/D4637M-15(2021)e1

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D4637/D4637M −15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
EPDM Sheet Used in Single-Ply Roof Membrane
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4637/D4637M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Subsection 8.20 was editorially corrected in October 2022.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ethylene-propylene-dieneterpolymer(EPDM)intendedforuse D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The tic Elastomers—Tension
tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are D413TestMethodsforRubberProperty—AdhesiontoFlex-
values to ensure minimum quality for the intended use. The ible Substrate
sheet may be non-reinforced, fabric- or scrim-reinforced, or D471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
fabric-backed vulcanized rubber sheet. D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
Cracking (Withdrawn 2007)
1.2 In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire
D573Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
resistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, and
Oven
uplift resistance, among others, are factors that must be
D624Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-
considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
canized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D751Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D816Test Methods for Rubber Cements
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
D1149TestMethodsforRubberDeterioration—Crackingin
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
an Ozone Controlled Environment
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
D1204Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
with the standard.
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Temperature
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D2137TestMethodsforRubberProperty—BrittlenessPoint
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- D5602/D5602MTest Method for Static Puncture Resistance
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of Roofing Membrane Specimens
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- D5635/D5635MTest Method for Dynamic Puncture Resis-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tance of Roofing Membrane Specimens
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the D6382/D6382MPractice for Dynamic MechanicalAnalysis
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and Thermogravimetry of Roofing and Waterproofing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Membrane Material
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
RoofingandWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.18 contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
on Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4637/D4637M–15. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D4637_D4637M-15R21E01. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4637/D4637M − 15 (2021)
D7635/D7635MTestMethodforMeasurementofThickness 6. Dimensions
of Coatings Over Fabric Reinforcement
6.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed upon
G151PracticeforExposingNonmetallicMaterialsinAccel-
between the purchaser and the supplier.
erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
6.1.1 The width and length tolerance shall be +3%, −0%.
G155PracticeforOperatingXenonArcLampApparatusfor
6.2 The thickness tolerance shall be +15%, −10% of the
Exposure of Materials
thickness agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier, but
in no case shall the thickness be less than the minimum listed
3. Classification
in Table 1.
3.1 Types describe the sheet construction:
3.1.1 Type I—Non-reinforced.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
3.1.2 Type II—Scrim (or fabric) internally reinforced.
7.1 The sheet, including the full width of factory seams if
3.1.3 Type III—Fabric backed.
present, shall be fully adhered, watertight, and visibly free of
pinholes, particles of foreign matter, undispersed raw material,
4. Materials and Manufacture
or other manufacturing defects that might affect serviceability.
4.1 ThesheetshallbeformulatedfromEPDMpolymersand
If the number of irregularities in the form of pockmarks (see
other compounding ingredients. EPDM shall be the principal
Note 1) appears excessive on the sheet (or portion thereof),
polymerusedinthesheetandshallbegreaterthan95%ofthe
then its rejection shall be negotiated between involved parties.
total polymer content.
7.2 Edges of the sheets shall be straight and flat so that they
4.2 Tomakeseamsandrepairs,thesheetshallbecapableof
may be seamed to one another without fishmouthing.
being bonded watertight to itself and the supplier or fabricator
NOTE 1—Pockmarks are oblong depressions, cavities, or craters on the
shall recommend suitable methods.
surface of the sheet that have an approximate surface dimension of 3.2 by
1 1
1.6 mm [ ⁄8 by ⁄16 in.], and have a maximum depth approaching one half
of the sheet thickness.
5. Physical Properties and Tolerances
5.1 The sheet shall conform to the physical requirements 8. Test Methods
prescribed in Table 1.
8.1 Dimensions—Test Methods D751, after permitting the
5.2 The tolerance for time conditions (aging, weathering, sheet to relax at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 4°F] for 1 h 6 15 min.
and so forth) is 615 min or 61% of the period, whichever is
8.2 Thickness, Sheet Overall—From across the full width of
greater, unless otherwise specified.
the unbuffed sheet, take three samples, 300 by 300 mm [1 by
5.3 Tolerances for temperature shall be 62°C[64°F]. 1 ft]. Measure the thickness of each corner. On fabric backed
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for EPDM Sheet
Type I II III
Thickness, min, mm [in.]:
Sheet overall 1.016 [0.040] 1.016 [0.040] .
Coating over scrim or fabric . 0.38 [0.015] 0.76 [0.030]
Breaking strength, min, N [lbf] . 400 [90] 400 [90]
Tensile strength, min, MPa [psi] 9.0 [1305] . .
Dynamic puncture resistance, Type I at 5 J, Type II at at 10 J pass pass
Static puncture resistance, Type I at 20 kg [44.1 lbf], Type II at pass pass
25 kg [55.1 lbf]
A A
Elongation, ultimate, min,% 300 250 300
Elongation @ fabric break, ultimate, min, % 15
Machine direction 15
Cross direction
Tensile set, max, % 10 . .
Tear resistance, min, kN/m [lbf/in.] 26.27 [150] . .
Tearing strength, min, N [lbf] . 45 [10] 45 [10]
Brittleness point, max, °C [°F] −45 [−49] −45 [−49] −45 [−49]
Ozone resistance, no cracks pass pass pass
Heat aging:
Breaking strength, min, N [lbf] . 356 [80] 356 [80]
Tensile strength, min, MPa [psi] 8.3 [1205] . .
A A
Elongation, ultimate, min,% 200 200 200
Tear resistance, min, kN/m [lbf/in.] 21.9 [125] . .
Linear dimensional change, max, % ±1 ±1 ±1
A A
Water absorption, max, mass % +8, −2 +8, −2 +8, −2
Factory seam strength, min, kN/m [lbf/in.] 8.8 [50] or sheet failure
Weather resistance:
Visual inspection no cracks or crazing no cracks or crazing no cracks or crazing
PRFSE, min, % 30 . .
Elongation, ultimate, min, % 200 . .
Fabric adhesion, min, N/m [lbf/in.] . . 525 [3]
A
Specimens to be prepared from coating rubber compound, vulcanized in a similar method to the reinforced produ
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