ASTM D20-03

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D20–03
Standard Test Method for
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Distillation of Road Tars
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD20;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the distillation of road tars.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
FIG. 1 Distillation Flask
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A 100-g sample is distilled at a controlled rate from a
300-mL flask into tared receivers. The masses of distillate
5.2 Condenser Tube—Atapered glass condenser, as shown
fractions at a series of specified temperatures and of residue at
in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, having the following dimensions:
the maximum specified temperature are determined. If desired,
Outside diameter of small end, mm 12.5 6 1.5
the residue and distillates may be used for further testing.
Outside diameter of large end, mm 28.5 6 3.0
Length, mm 360 6 4
Length of uniformly tapered part, mm 100 6 5
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Thedistillationtestseparatestarintofractionsaccording
5.3 Source of Heat— A heat source consisting of a bunsen
to a series of specified temperatures.
ormeker-typeburner(Note1)oranelectricheater.Theelectric
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heater shall have an output variable of 750 W and an upper
5. Apparatus
refractorywithdimensionsasshowninFig.4.Thetemperature
5.1 Flask—Aside-arm distillation flask, as shown in Fig. 1,
of the heater shall be controlled by a variable transformer or
conforming to the following dimensions:
rheostat suitable for the voltage used, and shall be fitted with a
Diameter of bulb, outside, mm 86.0 6 1.5 clamp for mounting on a vertical support rod.
Diameter of neck, inside, mm 22.0 6 1.0
Diameter of side-arm, inside, mm 10.0 6 0.5 NOTE 1—An artificial gas model used with natural gas has been found
Height of flask, outside, mm 131.0 6 1.5
to give a uniform and easily controlled source of heat.
Vertical distance, bottom of bulb, outside, to hori- 93.0 6 1.5
5.4 Flask Shield and Cover for Flame Distillation—Asteel
zontal
tangent at side-arm, inside, mm
shield (preferably stainless) lined with 3-mm Transite board,
Length of side-arm, mm 220 6 5
non-asbestos, with two-part cover made from 6-mm Transite
Angle of side-arm, deg 75 6 2
board of the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 5.
Thickness of side-arm wall, mm 1.0 to 1.5
5.5 Flask Shield and Cover for Electric-Heater
Distillation—A steel shield (preferably stainless) fitted with
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This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
mica windows, and a cover of the same construction and
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.43 on
Specifications and Tests for Tar and Tar Products.
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
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approved in 1911. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D20–99. DOI: The Precision Ful-Kontrol 750-W heater with built-in variable transformer
10.1520/D0020-03. control, available from Precision Scientific Co., Chicago, IL, has been found
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. satisfactory. This heater is only available for 115 V. 50/60 Hz.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D20–03
FIG. 2 Apparatus Assembly for Flame Distillation
FIG. 3 Apparatus Assembly for Electric Heater Distillation
FIG. 4 Upper Part of Electric Heater
dimensions as those for flame distillation (5.4) except for the chromium wire measuring a minimum of 125 mm in diameter
height of the shield (see Fig. 6). or (125 by 125-mm) square.
5.6 Gauze for Flame Distillation—Two sheets of 1.0-mm 5.7 Burner Chimney for Flame Distillation—Construct a
opening wire gauze made of 0.56-mm diameter nickel- cylindricalmetalshieldapproximately100mmhigh,95to105
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D20–03
FIG. 5 Shield and Cover for Flame Distillation
7. Preparation of Apparatus
7.1 Assemble the apparatus as follows (see Fig. 2 and Fig.
3):
7.1.1 Suspend the burner chimney by its flange from the
support ring, place the specified two sheets of flat wire gauze
on the burner chimney, and place the flask shield on the upper
sheet of gauze. In case the el
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