ASTM F2793-14(2023)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2793 − 14 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Bicycle Grips
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification defines a set of physical characteristics for Bicycle Grips and End Closures. One
intent of this specification is to define certain dimensions of Bicycle Grips and End Closures applied
to tubular handlebars mounted on bicycles designed for cyclists who are 12 years of age or younger.
The second intent of this specification is to test the durability of the ends of the Bicycle Grips and End
Closures for all bicycles where the tubular handlebar end axes are oriented within 60° of parallel to
the axle axis of the steering wheel. This second intent would apply to the “BMX” and “Mountain”
style tubular handlebar examples illustrated in Fig. 1, and does not apply to the “Drop” (also known
as road race) style shown in the same figure.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This specification establishes a minimum outer diameter
for the Bicycle Grip or End Closure, and the method for
2. Referenced Documents
determining if the grip or End Closure meets the diameter.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This specification checks the following characteristics:
F2043 Classification for Bicycle Usage
1.2.1 Bicycle Grip outer diameter,
2.2 Other Standards:
1.2.2 Bicycle Grip or End Closure diameter or both, and
SAE J526:2000 Welded Low-Carbon Steel Tubing
1.2.3 Bicycle Grip or End Closure retention or both.
3. Terminology
1.3 This specification establishes testing requirements for
3.1 The term bicycle is defined in Classification F2043.
the durability of Bicycle Grips and End Closures. It represents
a performance standard and is not intended to dictate the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
design, materials, or construction of those closures. 3.2.1 bicycle grip, n—parts on the handlebar that are meant
to be grasped to allow for control and comfort while steering
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
and operating the bicycle.
as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The Bicycle Grip may or may not
only.
include a portion or all of the End Closure (see end closure).
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 bicycle leg maximum, n—a distance measured from
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
crank rotation axis to the top center of the seat, with the seat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
positioned at the bicycle manufacturer’s maximum allowed
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
seat adjustment away from the crank axis, Fig. 2.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 end closure, n—end cap, fitting, grip, device, or
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
combination of parts intended to close the end of a tubular
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
bicycle handlebar, Fig. 3.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.4 grip diameter, n—diameter of the Bicycle Grip where
the hand is placed for normal riding.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee F08.10 on Bicycles. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2793 – 14. DOI: Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
10.1520/F2793-14R23. PA 15096-0001, http://aerospace.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2793 − 14 (2023)
FIG. 1 Some Examples of Tubular Handlebar Styles
FIG. 2 Bicycle Leg Maximum
3.2.5 grip end diameter, n—diameter of the Bicycle Grip 3.2.7 OEM bar, n—the original equipment manufacturer
end (largest diameter within 40 mm of the handlebar end). (OEM) handlebar as supplied, or as specified, with a complete
bicycle intended to be used with the Bicycle Grip or End
3.2.6 handlebar coupon, n—welded cold-drawn SAE 1018
Closure, or both.
steel tube with deburred edges, used to imitate a handlebar in
the End Closure punch-out test, Fig. 4. Material shall meet 3.2.8 punch out, v—when a handlebar penetrates the End
SAE J526 specifications. Closure exposing the end of a tubular bicycle handlebar.
F2793 − 14 (2023)
FIG. 3 Some Examples of End Closure
FIG. 4 Handlebar Coupon
3.2.9 side extending handlebar, n—a tubular handlebar 4. Performance Requirements
frame whose tube axis at the location of the Bicycle Grip or
4.1 The following performance requirements are for Bicycle
End Closure, is oriented within a conical region, 60° of parallel
Grips and End Closures to be installed on a Side Extending
to the direction defined by the axle axis of the steering wheel,
Handlebar.
when properly mounted on the bicycle.
4.1.1 Retention—The Bicycle Grips and End Closures shall
3.2.10 smooth, adj—free from burrs, abrupt indentations, or be secure against a removal force of no less than 66.8 N (15
sharp edges. lbf). (Refer to test method 9.1.)
F2793 − 14 (2023)
4.1.2 Punch-Out—The End Closure shall withstand a drop components. The OEM bar shall be cut to utilize one complete
of 100 mm (3.94 in.) ten times loaded with a mass of 10 kg (22 end, including grip. The OEM bar shall be discarded after ten
lb) without having more than 270° of End Closure punched out (10) drops.
by the OEM bar or Handlebar Coupon. (Refer to the test 7.1.1.2 If the Handlebar Coupon is being used for the test,
method described in 9.2.) the end of the Handlebar Coupon inserted into the grip should
4.1.3 Dimensions—For bicycles with a Bicycle Leg Maxi- be smooth. After ten (10) drops are completed, the used
mum distance less than or equal to 500 mm (19.7 in.), the Handlebar Coupon shall be discarded.
appropriate dimensions of the Bicycle Grip and End Closure 7.1.2 The punch-out test fixture is a free-falling mass
shall be determined by use of the go/no-go gauge as described guided, as with the use of a slide rail or rails, to maintain
in Section 9. orientation during the drop; and, with the ability to be raised
and dropped from 100 mm (3.94 in.) onto a defined surface
with a
...