ASTM D1765-00a

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 1765 – 00a
Standard Classification System for
Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-
ing Standard Vulcanized Sheets
1.1 This classification system is used to classify rubber
D 3191 Test Methods for Carbon Black in SBR (Styrene-
grade carbon blacks by the use of a four-character nomencla-
Butadiene Rubber)—Recipe and Evaluation Procedures
ture system. The first character gives some indication of the
D 3192 Test Methods for Carbon Black Evaluation in NR
influence of the carbon black on the rate of cure of a typical
(Natural Rubber)
rubber compound containing the black. The second character
D 3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
gives information on the average surface area of the carbon
D 3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—n-Dibutyl Phtha-
black. The last two characters are assigned arbitrarily.
late Absorption Number of Compressed Sample
1.2 All rubber-grade carbon blacks for which a number is
D 4820 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Surface Area by
currently assigned at the time of publication of this classifica-
Multipoint B.E.T. Nitrogen Adsorption
tion system are listed in Table 1 together with some of their
D 5816 Test Methods for Carbon Black—External Surface
typical properties.
Area by Multipoint Nitrogen Adsorption
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3. Basis of Classification
only.
3.1 The first character in the nomenclature system for
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rubber-grade carbon blacks is a letter indicating the effect of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the carbon black on the cure rate of a typical rubber compound
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
containing the black. The letter “N” is used to indicate a normal
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
curing rate typical of furnace blacks that have received no
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
special modification to alter their influence on the rate of cure
2. Referenced Documents of rubber. The letter “S” is used for channel blacks or for
furnace blacks that have been modified to effectively reduce
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the curing rate of rubber. Channel blacks characteristically
D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
impart a slower rate of cure to rubber compounds. Thus, the
plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
letter “S” designates a slow cure rate. Blacks may vary
D 1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Fines
considerably in “curing rate” within each of the two letter
Content
classifications.
D 1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
3.2 The second character in the system is a digit to designate
Number
the average surface area of the carbon black as measured by
D 1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour
nitrogen surface area. The surface area range of the carbon
Density
2 blacks has been divided into ten arbitrary groups, and each has
D 1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
been assigned a digit to describe that group. These groups are
D 2084 Test Method for Rubber Property—Vulcanization
2 as follows:
Using Oscillating Disk Cure Meter
Average Nitrogen
D 2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—n-Dibutyl Phtha-
Group No.
Surface Area, m /g
late Absorption Number
0 > 150
D 3053 Terminology Relating to Carbon Black 1 121 to 150
2 100 to 120
D 3182 Practice for Rubber—Materials, Equipment, and
3 70to99
4 50to69
5 40to49
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on
6 33to39
Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon
7 21to32
Black Nomenclature and Terminology.
8 11to20
Current edition approved August 10, 2000. Published September 2000. Origi-
9 0 to 10
nally published as D 1765 – 65 T. Last previous edition D 1765 – 00.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1765
TABLE 1 Carbon Black Properties
NOTE 1—The iodine adsorption number and DBP number values represent target values. A target value is defined as an agreed upon value on which
producers center their production process and users center their specifications. All other properties shown are averages of typical values supplied by
several manufacturers. Typical properties are dependent upon the target values and may vary from producer to producer at the same iodine adsorption
and DBP absorption numbers because of the differences in processing equipment.
NOTE 2—IRB data was obtained from tests performed during the certification of IRB No. 6 carbon black.
NOTE 3—The cure rate of vulcanizates containing carbon black compounded by Test Methods D 3192 may be measured by Test Method D 2084.
A A
Target Values Typical Descriptive Values
C
D Stress at 300 %
Iodine DBP No. Pour
NSA Multipoint STSA
B Elongation, MPa(psi),
Adsorption No., DBP No. Compressed Tint Density,
ASTM D 4820, D 5816
cured at 145°C, D 412,
D 2414, Sample, Strength, D 1513,
3 2 3 2
Classification 10 m /kg 10 m /kg
–5 3 3 D 3182, and D 3192
D 1510, 10 m /kg D 3493, D 3265 kg/m
2 2
(m /g) (m /g)
–5 3 3
g/kg 10 m /kg (lb/ft )
30 min
N110 145 113 97 127 115 123 345 (21.5) –3.2 (–470)
N115 160 113 97 134 124 123 345 (21.5) –3.1 (–440)
N120 122 114 99 126 113 129 345 (21.5) –0.4 (–60)
N121 121 132 111 122 114 119 320 (20.0) –0.1 (–10)
N125 117 104 89 122 121 125 370 (23.0) –2.6 (–380)
N134 142 127 103 143 137 131 320 (20.0) –1.5 (–210)
N135 151 135 117 141 . . . 119 320 (20.0) –0.4 (–60)
S212 . . . 85 82 120 107 115 415 (26.0) –6.4 (–930)
N220 121 114 98 119 106 116 355 (22.0) –2.0 (–280)
N231 121 92 86 111 107 120 400 (25.0) –4.6 (–670)
N234 120 125 102 119 112 123 320 (20.0) –0.1 (–10)
N293 145 100 88 122 111 120 380 (23.5) –5.2 (–750)
N299 108 124 104 104 97 113 335 (21.0) 0.7 (90)
S315 . . . 79 77 89 86 117 425 (26.5) –6.4 (–930)
N326 82 72 68 78 76 111 455 (28.5) –3.6 (–530)
N330 82 102 88 78 75 104 380 (23.5) –0.6 (–80)
N335 92 110 94 85 85 110 345 (21.5) 0.2 (30)
N339 90 120 99 91 88 111 345 (21.5) 0.9 (140)
N343 92 130 104 96 92 112 320 (20.0) 1.4 (210)
N347 90 124 99 85 83 105 335 (21.0) 0.5 (70)
N351 68 120 95 71 70 100 345 (21.5) 1.1 (160)
N356 92 154 112 91 87 106 1.4 (200)
N358 84 150 108 80 78 98 305 (19.0) 2.3 (330)
N375 90 114 96 93 91 114 345 (21.5) 0.4 (60)
N539 43 111 81 39 38 . . . 385 (24.0) –1.3 (–180)
N550 43 121 85 40 39 . . . 360 (22.5) –0.6 (–90)
N582 100 180 114 80 . . . 67 –1.8 (–260)
N630 36 78 62 32 32 . . . 500 (31.0) –4.4 (–640)
N642 36 64 62 39 . . . . . . –5.4 (–780)
N650 36 122 84 36 35 . . . 370 (23.0) –0.7 (–110)
N660 36 90 74 35 34 . . . 440 (27.5) –2.3 (–330)
N683 35 133 85 36 34 . . . 355 (22.0) –0.4 (–60)
N754 24 58 57 25 24 . . . –6.6 (–960)
N762 27 65 59 29 28 . . . 515 (32.0) –4.6 (–660)
N765 31 115 81 34 32 . . . 370 (23.0) –0.3 (–40)
N772 30 65 59 32 30 . . . 520 (32.5) –4.7 (–690)
N774 29 72 63 30 29 . . . 490 (30.5) –3.8 (–550)
N787 30 80 70 32 32 . . . 440 (27.5) –4.2 (–610)
N907 . . . 34 . . . 9 9 . . . 640 (40.0) –9.4 (–1360)
N908 . . . 34 . . . 9 9 . . . 355 (22.0) –10.2 (–1480)
N990 . . . 43 37 8 8 . . . 640 (40.0) –8.6 (–1250)
N991 . . . 35 37 8 8 . . . 355 (22.0) –10.2 (–1480)
A
See Note 1 above.
B
In general, Test Method D 1510 can be used to estimate the surface area of furnace blacks but not channel, oxidized, and thermal blacks.
C
D Stress = stress at 300 % elongation of test black minus the stress at 300 % elongation of IRB No. 7.
D
New numbers are marked to designate that the requestor has a one-year period, starting from the number’s approval date as shown in Footnote 1, to revise, by letter
ballot, target and typical values.
NOTE 1—Some of the carbon blacks in Table 1 were assigned prior to
4.2 Vulcanizates containing each of the standard grades of
the establishment of the surface area classification system and may fall
carbon black shall have typical physical properties prescribed
outside of the specified ranges.
in Table 1.
3.3 The third and fourth characters in this system are
4.2.1 The 300 % stress values shown in Table 1 represent
arbitrarily assigned digits.
the typical differences between the values obtained for the test
black and those obtained for Industry Reference Black No. 7.
4. Typical Properties of Carbon Blacks
In practice, the black compounds shall be mixed and tested at
4.1 Each of the standard grades of carbon black shall have
the same time using the formulation in Test Methods D 3192.
target and typical physical properties prescribed in Table 1.
D 1765
NOTE 2—Industry Reference Black No. 7 is an N330 type carbon
5.2 Data to be submitted shall consist of typical values for
black prepared at one location, then evaluated by ASTM D 24 to insure
the following:
uniformity. A large volume (225 000 kg (495 000 lb)) of this carbon black
Property Test Procedure
was prepared since it is used daily as a standard reference material by
Nitrogen adsorption, multipoint NSA D 4820
carbon black producers. The carbon black has an iodine number of 83.0
DBP absorption number, D 3493
and DBP No. of 101.6.
compressed sample
NOTE 3—For comparison of IRB No. 6 to IRB No. 7 per SBR-1500, see Tint strength D 3265
Pour density D 1513
...