ASTM C34-96

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: C 34 – 96
Standard Specification for
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Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C 67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
2
Structural Clay Tile
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing
C 216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
wall tile. Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
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Made from Clay or Shale)
1.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry
construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to
3. Physical Properties
weathering, provided they meet the durability requirements for
3.1 Structural clay load-bearing wall tile shall conform to
Grade SW of Specification C 216.
the physical properties for the grade specified as prescribed in
1.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where
Table 1.
not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry
3.2 Tile of Grade LBX shall be accepted under all condi-
where protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of
tions instead of Grade LB.
stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
3.3 End-construction tile are tile designed to be placed in
1.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are
the wall with axes of the cells vertical. Side-construction tile
desired, these features shall be specified separately by the
are tile designed to be placed in the wall with the axes of the
purchaser.
cells horizontal. Where end-construction tile are used on the
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of
side they shall conform to the requirements of side-
burning; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after
construction tile and vice versa.
it has been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.
3.4 Bonding tile shall be so designed as to provide recesses
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the
for header brick courses when laid up in brick-faced walls.
time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile
4. Number of Cells
extracted from masonry structures for determining conform-
ance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section
4.1 Load-bearing tile shall conform to the following re-
A
3) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
quirements for minimum number of cells in the direction of
1.3 Tile covered by this standard are manufactured from
wall thickness (see Note 2 for approximate weights of tile):
clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
Nominal Horizontal Minimum Number of
A
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). Thickness of Cells in Direction of
Tile as Laid in Wall, in. (mm) Wall Thickness
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
4 (101.6) 1
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
6 (152.4) 1
bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired 8 (203.2) 2
10 (254.0) 2
bond in Terminology C 43.)
12 (304.8) 3
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
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Cells are hollow spaces enclosed within the perimeter of the exterior shells,
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
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and having a minimum dimension of not less than ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) and a
2 2
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered cross-sectional area of not less than 1 in. (6.5 cm ).
Fire-resistance regulations of governing codes should be checked as to type of
as requirements of the standard.
tile required.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 2—The following average masses of structural clay load-bearing
wall tile are given only as information:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
Nominal Horizontal
C 43 Terminology of Structural Clay Products
2
Thickness of Tile as Average mass, lb/ft
2 A
Laid in Wall, in. (mm) (kg/m ) of tile
4 (101.6) 20 (97.6)
1
6 (152.4) 30 (146.4)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-15 on
8 (203.2) 36 (175.7)
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
10 (254.0) 42 (205.0)
C15.02 on Clay Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
12 (304.8) 52 (253.8)
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1996. Published January 1997. Originally
A
published as C 34 – 21 T. Last previous edition C 34 – 93.
The masses given in the above table are for scored tile. If any of the faces are
2
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05. not scored the weights are increased 1 lb/ft of unscored area.
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