ASTM D7363-07

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D7363–07
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Parent and Alkyl Polycyclic Aromatics in
Sediment Pore Water Using Solid-Phase Microextraction
and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry in Selected
,
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Ion Monitoring Mode
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7363; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope for the individual PAH measurements were defined as the
concentration of an individual PAH that would yield 1/34 of a
1.1 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
toxic unit (TU). However, the focus of this method is the 10
narcosis model for benthic organisms in sediments contami-
parent PAHs and 14 groups of alkylated PAHs (Table 1) that
nated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is based
contribute 95 % of the toxic units based on the analysis of 120
on the concentrations of dissolved PAHs in the interstitial
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background and impacted sediment pore water samples. The
water or “pore water” in sediment. This test method covers the
primary reasons for eliminating the rest of the 5-6 ring parent
separation of pore water from PAH-impacted sediment
PAHs are: (1) these PAHs contribute insignificantly to the pore
samples, the removal of colloids, and the subsequent measure-
waterTU, and (2) these PAHs exhibit extremely low saturation
ment of dissolved concentrations of the required 10 parent
solubilities that will make the detection of these compounds
PAHs and 14 groups of alkylated daughter PAHs in the pore
difficult in pore water. This method can achieve the required
water samples. The “24 PAHs” are determined using solid-
detection limits, which range from approximately 0.01 µg/L,
phase microextraction (SPME) followed by Gas
for high molecular weight PAHs, to approximately 3 µg/L for
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis in se-
high molecular weight PAHs.
lected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Isotopically labeled ana-
1.4 The test method may also be applied to the determina-
logs of the target compounds are introduced prior to the
tion of additional PAH compounds (for example, 5- and 6-ring
extraction, and are used as quantification references.
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PAHs as described in Hawthorne et al). However, it is the
1.2 Lower molecular weight PAHs are more water soluble
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish the
than higher molecular weight PAHs. Therefore, USEPA-
validity of the test method for the determination of PAHs other
regulated PAH concentrations in pore water samples vary
than those referenced in 1.1 and Table 1.
widely due to differing saturation water solubilities that range
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from 0.2 µg/L for indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene to 31 000 µg/L for
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
naphthalene. This method can accommodate the measurement
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of milligram per litre concentrations for low molecular weight
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
PAHsandnanogramperlitreconcentrationsforhighmolecular
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
weight PAHs.
statements, refer to Section 9.
1.3 The USEPA narcosis model predicts toxicity to benthic
organisms if the sum of the toxic units (STU ) calculated for
c
2. Referenced Documents
all “34 PAHs” measured in a pore water sample is greater than
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
or equal to 1. For this reason, the performance limit required
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water Hawthorne, S. B., Grabanski, C. B., and Miller, D. J., “Measured Partitioning
andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD19.06onMethodsforAnalysisfor Coefficients for Parent and Akyl Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in 114
Organic Substances in Water. Historically Contaminated Sediments: Part I, Koc Values,” Environmental Toxicol-
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. DOI: 10.1520/ ogy and Chemistry, 25, 2006, pp. 2901-2911.
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D7363-07. Hawthorne, S. B., Grabanski, C.B., Miller, D .J., and Kreitinger, J. P., “Solid
2
Standard methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 may be Phase Microextraction Measurement of Parent and Alkyl Polycyclic Aromatic
publishedforalimitedtimepreliminarytothecompletionoffullcollaborativestudy Hydrocarbons in Milliliter Sediment Pore Water Samples and Determination of
validation. Such standards are deemed to have met all other D19 qualifying K Values,” Environmental Science Technology, 39, 2005, pp. 2795-2803.
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requirements but have not com
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