ASTM C1179-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Mass Loss of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Materials in Air
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Mass Loss of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Materials in Air
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is primarily concerned with the oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air at temperatures from 371 °C to 677 °C.
3.2 The test method will provide acceptable results at preselected test temperatures that yield less than 10 % mass loss in 100 h. These results can be used to determine relative service temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a comparative oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1179 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Mass Loss of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
1
Materials in Air
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Interferences
1.1 This test method provides a comparative oxidation mass 4.1 Results can be affected by materials released by the
furnacewallsorfurniture.Thesematerialsmaybepresentfrom
loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air.
previous oxidation test samples or other furnace use. It is
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
recommended that the furnace be operated at 1093 °C for 1 h
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
prior to use for oxidation mass loss testing.
standard.
4.2 The validity of this test method depends upon the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
availability of oxygen to the test specimen. The door of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
furnace shall be kept closed to maintain temperature control;
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
however, the furnace door shall not be sealed, rendering the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
door airtight.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3 Due to factors beyond the scope of the test method that
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
might cause significant differences, this test method is only
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
useful for comparative results.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Apparatus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 Muffle Furnace, with automatic temperature regulation
3
with 64 °C precision. Furnace chamber volume 983 cm to
3
2. Summary of Test Method
2458 cm .
2.1 The test method determines mass loss characteristics of
NOTE 1—Commercially available muffle furnaces advertised to achieve
carbon and graphite articles in air as a function of temperature
611 °C can be set up to achieve the necessary precision.
and time by subjecting standard size specimens to muffle
5.2 Thermocouple, K-type (chromel/alumel with Type 304
furnace exposure and then comparing pre-test and post-test
stainless steel sheath).
mass differentials.
5.3 Digital Thermometer, for temperature readout.
3. Significance and Use
5.4 Crucible Tongs.
2
3.1 This test method is primarily concerned with the oxida-
5.5 Glazed Crucibles, flat bottom.
tion mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials
5.6 Quart Glass Tray, or equivalent.
in air at temperatures from 371 °C to 677 °C.
5.7 Nylon Gloves, lint-free.
3.2 The test method will provide acceptable results at
5.8 Paper, lint-free.
preselected test temperatures that yield less than 10 % mass
loss in 100 h. These results can be used to determine relative
5.9 Analytical Balance, with 0.001 g resolution.
service temperatures.
5.10 Desiccator, charged with indicating desiccant.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
2
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of The sole source of supply of the crucible (Coors crucible 60048) known to the
Subcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products. committee at this time is Coors Ceramics Co., 17750 W. 32nd Ave., Golden, CO
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally 80401. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1179 – 15. DOI: ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1
10.1520/C1179-21. ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1179 − 21
6. Sample Preparation from furnace to desiccator. The specimen/crucible set should
be transferred so that the specimen is exposed to the atmo-
6.1 All specimens are to be handled with lint-free nylon
sphere for no longer than 30 s. The des
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1179 − 15 C1179 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Mass Loss of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
1
Materials in Air
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method provides a comparative oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 The test method determines mass loss characteristics of carbon and graphite articles in air as a function of temperature and
time by subjecting standard size specimens to muffle furnace exposure and then comparing pre-test and post-test mass differentials.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is primarily concerned with the oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air at
temperatures from 371 °C to 677 °C.
3.2 The test method will provide acceptable results at preselected test temperatures that yield less than 10 % mass loss in 100 h.
These results can be used to determine relative service temperatures.
4. Interferences
4.1 Results can be affected by materials released by the furnace walls or furniture. These materials may be present from previous
oxidation test samples or other furnace use. It is recommended that the furnace be operated at 1093 °C for 1 h prior to use for
oxidation mass loss testing.
4.2 The validity of this test method depends upon the availability of oxygen to the test specimen. The door of the furnace shall
be kept closed to maintain temperature control; however, the furnace door shall not be sealed, rendering the door airtight.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2016November 2021. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20052015
ɛ1
as C1179 – 91 (2010)15. . DOI: 10.1520/C1179-15.10.1520/C1179-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1179 − 21
4.3 Due to factors beyond the scope of the test method that might cause significant differences, this test method is only useful for
comparative results.
5. Apparatus
3
5.1 Muffle Furnace, with automatic temperature regulation with 64°C64 °C precision. Furnace chamber volume 983 cm to
3
2458 cm .
NOTE 1—Commercially available muffle furnaces advertised to achieve 611 °C can be set up to achieve the necessary precision.
5.2 Thermocouple, K-type (chromel/alumel with Type 304 stainless steel sheath).
5.3 Digital Thermometer, for temperature readout.
5.4 Crucible Tongs.
2
5.5 Glazed Crucibles, flat bottom.
5.6 Quart Glass Tray, or equivalent.
5.7 Nylon Gloves, lint-free.
5.8 Paper, lint-free.
5.9 Analytical Balance, with 0.001 g resolution.
5.10 Desiccator, charged with indicating desiccant.
6. Sample Preparation
6.1 All specimens are to be handled with lint-free nylon gloves or equivalent during all machining, handling, impregnation, and
testing. Specimens should be kept free of contamination by placing them on clean nonmetallic surfaces during all operations. Once
the specimens have been oxidized, direct handling is not recommended.
6.2 Test specimens are to consist of right cylinders 25.4 mm diameter by 25.4 mm long
...
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