ASTM C1179-21

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1179 − 15 C1179 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Mass Loss of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
Materials in Air
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method provides a comparative oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 The test method determines mass loss characteristics of carbon and graphite articles in air as a function of temperature and
time by subjecting standard size specimens to muffle furnace exposure and then comparing pre-test and post-test mass differentials.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is primarily concerned with the oxidation mass loss of manufactured carbon and graphite materials in air at
temperatures from 371 °C to 677 °C.
3.2 The test method will provide acceptable results at preselected test temperatures that yield less than 10 % mass loss in 100 h.
These results can be used to determine relative service temperatures.
4. Interferences
4.1 Results can be affected by materials released by the furnace walls or furniture. These materials may be present from previous
oxidation test samples or other furnace use. It is recommended that the furnace be operated at 1093 °C for 1 h prior to use for
oxidation mass loss testing.
4.2 The validity of this test method depends upon the availability of oxygen to the test specimen. The door of the furnace shall
be kept closed to maintain temperature control; however, the furnace door shall not be sealed, rendering the door airtight.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2016November 2021. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20052015
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as C1179 – 91 (2010)15. . DOI: 10.1520/C1179-15.10.1520/C1179-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1179 − 21
4.3 Due to factors beyond the scope of the test method that might cause significant differences, this test method is only useful for
comparative results.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Muffle Furnace, with automatic temperature regulation with 64°C64 °C precision. Furnace chamber volume 983 cm to
2458 cm .
NOTE 1—Commercially available muffle furnaces advertised to achieve 611 °C can be set up to achieve the necessary precision.
5.2 Thermocouple, K-type (chromel/alumel with Type 304 stainless steel sheath).
5.3 Digital Thermometer, for temperature readout.
5.4 Crucible Tongs.
5.5 Glazed Crucibles, flat bottom.
5.6 Quart Glass Tray, or equivalent.
5.7 Nylon Gloves, lint-free.
5.8 Paper, lint-free.
5.9 Analytical Balance, with 0.001 g resolution.
5.10 Desiccator, charged with indicating desiccant.
6. Sample Preparation
6.1 All specimens are to be handled with lint-free nylon gloves or equivalent during all machining, handling, impregnation, and
testing. Specimens should be kept free of contamination by placing them on clean nonmetallic surfaces during all operations. Once
the specimens have been oxidized, direct handling is not recommended.
6.2 Test specimens are to consist of right cylinders 25.4 mm diameter by 25.4 mm long 60.3 mm. Specimens are to be machined
all over with carbide-tipped tools to achieve a surface roughness visually comparable to 0.8 μm.0.8 μm arithmetic average (AA).
6.3 Wipe specimens with lint-free paper to remove carbon machining dust.
6.4 Specimens and crucibles are to be clearly identified. To avoid sample contamination, use a carbide-tipped scribe to mark the
specimens. Crucibles can be marked with ceramic ink.
6.5 Place each specimen to be tested on its side (cylindrical surface) in a dried, tared crucible. Specimens are to be kept in the
same crucible for the test duration. Record the individual identification numbers for each specimen/crucible set.
6.6 Dry the specimen/crucible sets in a vented oven at 120 °C to 150 °C for a minimum of 2 h. Remove the specimen/crucible
sets and cool in a desiccator for a minimum of 30 min to achieve room temperature.
The sole source of supply of the crucible (Coors crucible 60048) known to the committee at this time is Coors Ceramics Co., 17750 W. 32nd Ave., Golden, CO 80401.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting
of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
C1179 − 21
7. Procedure
7.1 Before the running of this test method, the operator should practice the transferring of similar shaped specimens from furnace
to desiccator. The specimen/crucible set should be transferred so that the specimen is exposed to the atmosphere for no longer than
30 s. The desiccator sh
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