ASTM D5306-92(2002)e1

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An American National Standard
e1
Designation:D5306–92(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Linear Flame Propagation Rate of Lubricating Oils and
Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Warning statements were moved from notes to text editorially in March 2003.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linear 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
flame propagation rates of lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids 3.1.1 linear flame propagation rate, n—theaveragequotient
supported on the surfaces of and impregnated into ceramic of the distance of flame travel and the time required for the
fiber media. Data thus generated are to be used for the flame front to travel that distance.
comparison of relative flammability.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 Thistestmethodshouldbeusedtomeasureanddescribe
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response 4.1 A section of a ceramic fiber support medium (string) is
impregnated with the sample under specific conditions. The
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
shouldnotbeusedtodescribeorappraisethefirehazardorfire impregnated fiber is placed on a standard support. The sample
is ignited and the time required for the flame front to propagate
risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
conditions.However,resultsofthistestmethodmaybeusedas across a measured distance is determined by use of a thermo-
electricsystem.Theaveragepropagationrateisthencalculated
elements of fire risk which takes into account all of the factors
that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a from the measured distance of flame travel and the time
required for the flame front to propagate over that distance.
particular end use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Significance and Use
standard.
5.1 The linear flame propagation rate of a sample is a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
property that is relevant to the overall assessment of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
flammability or relative ignitability of fire resistance lubricants
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and hydraulic fluids. It is intended to be used as a bench-scale
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
test for distinguishing between the relative resistance to igni-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tion of such materials. It is not intended to be used for the
2. Referenced Documents
evaluationoftherelativeflammabilityofflammable,extremely
flammable, or volatile fuels, solvents, or chemicals.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Test Pro-
2 6. Apparatus
gram to Determine the Precision of Test Methods
6.1 Apparatus for measurement of linear flame propagation
2.2 Military Specifications:
rates:
MIL-H-83282C Hydraulic Fluid, Fire Resistant, Synthetic
6.1.1 Open Top Stainless Steel Box, as shown in Fig. 1.
Hydrocarbon Base, Aircraft NATO Code Number H-537
6.1.2 Recorder, stripchart, fast responses. A zero-centered
MIL-H-46170B Amm.1, Hydraulic Fluid, Rust Inhibited,
recorder with a 65 mV range and a one-half second full-scale
Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base
deflection capacity has been found to be satisfactory. A chart
speed of at least 1 in./min has been used for most studies.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.1.3 Differential Thermocouple Pair, 30 gage with bare
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
junctions and double fiberglass wrap insulation, ISA, Type J or
D02.N0.06 on Fire Resistant Fluids.
Type K may be prepared from any premium grade thermo-
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 5306–92(1997).
couple wire.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
e1
D5306–92 (2002)
the soaked string to pass over the bare rod, flexing gently as it
moves. When the lower weight has been drawn up to the rod,
reverse the process until the first weight has again been drawn
up the rod. Repeat the cycle four times to work the sample
thoroughly into the string.
8.4 Transfer the string with attached weights to the covered
portion of the chrome-plated rod. Pass the string over the
absorbent paper in the manner described in 8.3. After each
complete double cycle, lift the string from the paper, rotate it
through 180° as it is held taut in a vertical position and then
replace it on a fresh area of the absorbent medium.Again pass
the string over the paper in the manner described in8.3. Repeat
until four double cycles have been completed.
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Determination of Linear Flame Propagation
8.5 Place the string support and thermocouple holder in a
Rates
draft-free hood with the ventilation turned off. Level the
apparatus with a spirit level. Place the prepared string on the
string supports. The attached weights should be left in place to
6.1.4 Fume Hood, draft-free when ventilation system is not
provide tension in the string. Adjust the differential thermo-
operative.
couple junctions so that they are exactly 2 mm directly above
6.1.5 Weights,50 6 0.01 g, with attached hooks; two
the string. Connect the differential thermocouple pair to the
required.
fast-response, zero-centered strip chart recorder.
6.1.6 Chrome-Plated Tube or Rod, 15 mm diameter by 375
8.6 Start the recorder chart after an appropriate warm-up
mm long.
6.1.7 Porcelain or Glass Dish, approximately 135 mL period. With an ignition source, ignite the sample on the string
near its support at one end of the apparatus. Permit the flame to
capacity.
advance along the string past each thermocouple until it
7. Materials
extinguishes itself upon reaching the opposite string support.
7.1 Absorbent Paper Wipers, 375 by 213 mm. Stop the recorder and start the hood ventilator to exhaust the
combustion products of the sample. (Warning—Take extreme
7.2 Ceramic Fiber, twisted yarn type 390/312, 4/5, 2.72 or
type390/312,3/4,2.72.Ceramicfibersizeusedshallbeagreed care to avoid inhalation of the combustion products as ex-
tremely toxic substances are formed during the combustion of
upon by supplier and consumer and shall be specified in test
report. some synthetic materials, especially halogenated and
phosphorus-based compounds.)
7.3 Ignition Source, any paper book matches or wooden
kitchen matches can be used. 8.7 Measure the horizontal distance between the thermo-
couples and interval between the first thermal effects as shown
8. Procedure
in Fig. 2. From the measured interval, the chart speed of the
8.1 Tie small loops in each end of a 500 mm section of recorder and the known horizontal distance between thermo-
couplesinthetestapparatus,calculateandreportthehorizontal
ceramic fiber support (string). Place a few millilitres of the
sample to be studied in an evaporating dish. Immerse the linear flame propagation rate in millimetres per second. If the
flame does not advance during the experimental run, or if it
ceramic fiber support (string) in the liquid sample for 60 s.
Avoid immersion of the loops at the end of the string. extinguishes itself before passing both thermocouples, record
that fact. Replicate runs shall be made as required.
8.2 While the ceramic fiber support (string) is immersed in
thesample,carefullywrapanabsorbentpaperwiperaroundthe
15 mm diameter chrome plated rod. Leave one end of the rod
uncovered by the wiper.
8.3 Remove the ceramic fiber support (string) section from
the liquid sample and attach a 50 g weight to the loop at each
end. Fix the chrome-plated rod with its absorbent paper
wrapping in a horizontal position and hang the soaked string
...