ASTM F2071-00(2006)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: F2071 – 00 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Specification for
Switch, Position Proximity (Noncontact) or Limit
(Mechanical Contact), Fiber-Optic
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fiber- 3.1 Definitions:
optic position switches (proximity and limit). This specifica- 3.1.1 closed switch—the light path is complete; signal from
tion does not include switches that transfer an optical signal transmitter to receiver is complete.
fromonepathtoanotherbyanexternalforceorenergyapplied 3.1.2 closed switch with positive alarm—the light path is
to the switch. complete. Signal level indicates that the end faces of the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as the sensing element are dirty and require maintenance for contin-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information ued proper operation.
only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in 3.1.3 fiber-optic position switch—a device that converts
SI units. measured position, via changes in fiber-optic properties, to an
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the output that is a function of the applied measurand. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the fiber-optic position switch normally consists of a sensor head,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- optoelectronics module, and connectorized fiber-optic cable.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.4 limit switch—aswitchthatsensesachangeinposition
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. via mechanical contact.
1.4 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications 3.1.5 open switch—the light path is blocked; signal from
are included in the Supplement. transmitter to receiver is not complete.
3.1.6 optical transmittance change—the change in optical
2. Referenced Documents
power level introduced by an environmental, mechanical, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
other induced stress.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging 3.1.7 optoelectronics module—unit of the fiber-optic posi-
2.2 ISO Standards:
tion switch that contains the optical transmitter and receiver,
ISO9001 QualitySystem—ModelforQualityAssurancein and signal conditioning electronics, necessary to convert the
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
sensed position to the specified output signal. The optoelec-
vicing tronicsmodulemaybeanexpansioncardforamicroprocessor-
based system, or a stand-alone unit.
3.1.8 proximity switch—a switch that senses a change in
position via noncontact means.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
3.1.9 sensor head—unit of the fiber-optic position switch
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on
Electrical.
that detects position via changes in optical properties. The
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2006. Published February 2006. Originally
optoelectronics module interrogates the sensor head to deter-
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F2071–00. DOI:
mine the position of the measurand. An optical signal is
10.1520/F2071-00R06.
transmitted from the optoelectronics module to the sensor
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
head.Theopticalpathiseithercompleteorblocked,depending
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
on the status of the item being measured, giving an indication
the ASTM website.
of the position or status of the item back to the optoelectronics
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland. module.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2071 – 00 (2006)
3.1.10 steady-state supply voltage—an input voltage that in 5.2. If special application operating conditions exist that are
does not deviate from a specified nominal tolerance (for not shown in the acquisition requirements, they should also be
example, 65%). described.
3.1.11 tether valve limit switch—a limit switch used to 5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
detect valve position via a tether line connected to the valve should specify the following:
handle. (1) Title, number, and date of this specification,
(2) Manufacturer’s part number,
3.1.12 transient supply voltage—avoltagesuperimposedon
thesteady-statesupplyvoltagethatisgreaterthanthespecified (3) Switch type required (see 4.3),
(4) Unique or special enclosure requirements (see 7.1),
steady-state tolerance and has a very rapid rise and fall.
(5) Type of optoelectronics module (see 7.2). If control
enclosure or console mounted, specify requirements,
4. Classification
(6) Length of fiber-optic cable required,
4.1 Designation—Most switch manufacturers use designa-
(7) Type of electrical connection (see 7.4),
tions, systematic numbering or identifying codes. Once under-
(8)Whentheelectricalconnectionmatingplugisnottobe
stood, these designations could aid the purchaser in quickly
provided (see 7.4),
identifying the switch type, electrical power ratings, and other
(9) System operating characteristics,
characteristics.
(10) Materials,
4.2 Design—Fiber-optic position switches typically consist
(11) Environmental requirements,
of an assembly with three major components: optical sensor
(12) Quantity of switches required,
head, fiber-optic cables, and optoelectronics module. The
(13) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5),
optoelectronics module shall be interchangeable between any
(14) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1),
of the sensor types.
(15) Performance requirements (see 8.2),
4.3 Types—The following are common types of fiber-optic
(16) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1),
position switches:
(17) Special workmanship requirements (see 9.2),
Proximity
(18) When certification is required (see 13),
Limit, pin actuated
(19) Special marking requirements (see 14),
Limit, lever actuated
(20) Special packaging or package marking requirements
Limit, lever and roller
(see 15),
Limit, tether valve
(21) When ISO9001 quality assurance system is not
4.3.1 Fiber-Optic Proximity Switches—The fiber-optic
required (see 16.1), and
proximity switch sensor head receives the light beam from the
(22) Special warranty requirements (see 16.1).
light source in the optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic
cable.The sensor head emits the light beam to detect an object
6. Materials and Manufacture
in a specific location. The sensor head also receives the light
6.1 PositionSwitches—Materialsforthefiber-opticposition
beam reflection from the object, typically via a wide angle
switchesshallbecorrosionresistantandnoncombustibleorfire
receiving lens, and is detected by the light beam receiving
retardant.
device in the optoelectronics module. When the object moves
into the sensing site, the light beam is reflected into the
7. Physical Properties
receiving lens completing the fiber-optic light path. It is
7.1 Enclosure—If case sealing is required, the mechanism,
important to consider contrasting light levels between reflec-
materials, and process shall be described. The same should
tionsfrombackgroundobjectswhennoobjecttobedetectedis
apply to the electrical connector. Resistance to cleaning sol-
present and reflections from the object to be detected, when
vents should likewise be stated. Unique or special enclosure
selecting a fiber-optic proximity switch.
requirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements
4.3.2 Fiber-Optic Limit Switches—The fiber-optic limit
(see 5.2).
switch sensor head houses the mechanical contact device that
7.2 Optoelectronics Module—The optoelectronics module
sensesthepositionoftheobjecttobedetected.Themechanical
shall contain the optical and signal conditioner devices neces-
contact device is typically a pin or plunger, lever, roller, lever
sarytoconvertthesensorheadoutputtothespecifiedelectrical
and roller, or tether valve. The fiber-optic limit switch sensor
output. Optoelectronics modules shall be designed in consid-
head receives the light beam from the light source in the
eration of their mounting method (type): bulkhead mounted,
optoelectronics module via a fiber-optic cable. The same
control enclosure mounted, or console mounted (microproces-
fiber-optic cable allows completion of the light path to a
sor expansion card).
fiber-optic receiver in the optoelectronics module. Dependent
7.3 External Configuration—The outline drawing shall
upon the configuration of the switch, the mechanical contact
show the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-
device either completes or breaks the light path upon detection
poundunits)iftheyarenotspecified.Theoutlinedrawingshall
of the object.
include limiting dimensions for electrical and fiber-optic con-
nections if they are not specified. The outline drawing shall
5. Ordering Information
indicate the mounting method with hole size, center location,
5.1 The purchaser should provide the manufacturer with all andotherpertinentdimensions.Wherethreadedholesareused,
of the pertinent application data. Recommended data is shown thread specifications shall be provided.
F2071 – 00 (2006)
7.4 Electrical Connection—An electrical interface connec- which a singular design series may cover multiple switch
tor receptacle and mating plug shall be provided with each configurations, a minimum of three test specimens should be
optoelectronicsmoduleofthepositionswitchunlessotherwise tested, provided the electrical, optical, and mechanical simi-
specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). Other larities are approved by the purchaser. It is recommended that
possible electrical interface connections include pigtails and one unit be tested for each switch configuration regardless of
terminal boards. design similarity.
7.5 Size and Weight—The purchaser may have intended
applications in which size and weight are limited. Size and 11. Inspection
weightrestrictionsshallbespecifiedintheacquisitionrequire-
11.1 Classification of Inspections—The inspection require-
ments (see 5.2).
ments specified herein are classified as follows:
(1) First-article tests (see 11.2)
8. Performance Requirements
(2) Conformance tests (see 11.3)
8.1 Service Life—The purchaser may have a minimum
11.2 First-ArticleTests—First-articletestrequirementsshall
specified service life requirement that may be critical. Critical
bespecified,whereapplicable.First-articletestmethodsshould
service life requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
be identified for each design and performance characteristic
requirements (see 5.2).
specified.
8.2 Switch Performance—Critical performance require-
11.3 Conformance Tests—Conformance testing is accom-
ments shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see
plished when first-article tests were satisfied by a previous
5.2). The following performance characteristics and environ-
acquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability in
mental exposures may or may not be important to each
similar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-
purchaser’s intended application.
sive than first-article tests, often verifying that samples of a
(1) Warm-up time,
production lot meet a few critical performance requirements.
(2) Steady-state supply voltage and frequency (ac),
(3) Steady-state supply voltage (dc),
12. Test Data
(4) Response time,
(5) Transient supply voltage and frequency (ac),
12.1 Test Data—Test data shall remain on file at the
(6) Transient supply voltage (dc),
manufacturer’s facility for review by the purchaser upon
(7) Change in optical transmittance,
request. It is recommended that test data be retained in the
(8) Dynamic range,
manufacturer’s files for at least three years or a period of time
(9) Ambient light susceptibility,
acceptable to the purchaser and manufacturer.
(10) Temperature,
(11) Humidity,
13. Certification
(12) Salt spray,
13.1 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see
(13) Insulation resistance,
5.2), the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples
(14) Power interruption,
representing each lot have been either tested or inspected as
(15) Short circuit,
directed in this specification and the requirements have been
(16) Line voltage reversal (dc powered),
met.
(17) Output,
(18) Mechanical life,
14. Product Marking
(19) Enclosure,
(20) Vibration,
14.1 Special purchaser specified product marking shall be
(21) Shock, listed in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The minimum
(22) Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and
data to be clearly marked on each switch shall include the
(23) Power system harmonic distortion. following:
14.1.1 Sensor Head:
9. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITIONS SWITCH—SENSOR
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and HEAD,”
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
(2) Manufacturer’s name,
requirements (see 5.2).
(3) Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number, and
9.2 Workmanship—Any special workmanship requirements
(4) Manufacturer’s part number.
shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
14.1.2 Optoelectronics Module:
(1) “FIBER-OPTIC POSITION SWITCH—
10. Number of Tests and Retests
OPTOELECTRONICS MODULE”
10.1 The number of test specimens to be subjected to
(2) Manufacturer’s name,
first-articleandconformancetestsshallbespecifiedandshould
(3) Manufacturer’s serial number or lot number,
depend on the fiber-optic position switch design.As guidance,
(4) Manufacturer’s part number, and
foreachswitchcoveredbyaseparateanddistinctdesign,atest
specimenforeachdesignshouldrequiretesting.Ininstancesin (5) Excitation voltage.
F2071 – 00 (2006)
15. Packaging and Package Marking of the product being supplied effectively, unless otherwise
specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
15.1 Packaging of Product for Delivery—Productshouldbe
16.2 Responsibility for Warranty—Unless otherwise speci-
packagedandmarkedforshipmentinaccordancewithPractice
fied, the manufacturer is responsible for the following:
D3951.
(1) All materials used to produce a unit and
15.2 Special packaging or package marking requirements
(2) Workmanship to produce t
...