ASTM E1136-93(2003)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E1136 – 93 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Specification for
A Radial Standard Reference Test Tire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1136; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for a
radial-ply standard reference test tire. The tire covered by this
specification is primarily for use as a reference for tire traction
performance evaluations, but may also be used for other
evaluations, such as pavement roughness, noise, or other tests
that require a reference tire.
1.2 This specification also provides a standard design of
certified construction, accurate dimensions, and specifies a
means of storage.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
plastic Elastomers—Tension
D1054 TestMethodforRubberProperty—ResilienceUsing
a Goodyear-Healey Rebound Pendulum
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
Rubber Products
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
Hardness
D3182 Practice for Rubber—Materials, Equipment, and
Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-
ing Standard Vulcanized Sheets
3. Design and Construction
3.1 The standard reference test tire shall be size P195/
75R14, current technologyAll Season tread design steel-belted
radial (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). FIG. 1 Front View of a Radial Reference Tire
3.2 The tire shall be designed to conform with the Tire and
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.20 on Vehicular Testing.
Rim Association (TRA) standard nominal dimensions and
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published March 2004. Originally
tolerances for cross section and overall diameter found in the
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as E1136 – 93 (1998).
Current Year Book.
DOI: 10.1520/E1136-93R03.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Tire and Rim Association, 175 Montrose West Ave., Suite
the ASTM website. 150, Copely, OH 44321.
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E1136 – 93 (2003)
TABLE 1 Formulation of Oil-Extended Styrene-Butadiene BR (75/
25) Blend Rubber Tread
Parts
Compound
by Mass
A
SBR 1778 12.38
B
SBR 1502 66.00
C
CIS 1-Polybutadiene 25.00
D
N351 black 64.00
Naphthenic oil 17.13
Zinc oxide 5.00
Stearic acid 1.50
E
6 PPD 1.50
F
TMQ 2.00
Antidegradant wax 0.50
Tackifying hydrocarbon resin 2.00
G
TBBS 0.80
H
DPG 0.25
Sulfur 1.90
A
Styrene-butadiene rubber (23.5 % Styrene) contains 27.5 parts of naphthenic
oil.
B
Styrene-butadiene rubber (23.5 % Styrene).
C
CIS Content 95 % min.
D
N351 carbon black, see Classification D1765.
E
n-1,3-Dimethylbutyl-N8-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
F
Polymerized,1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline.
G
N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide.
H
Diphenylquanidine.
TABLE 2 Physical Properties of Tread Compound
Tensile sheet cure, min at 320°F (160°C) 15
Stress at 300 % elongation psi (MPa) 1650 6 150
FIG. 2 Side View of a Radial Reference Tire
(11.4 6 1.0)
Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 2200 (15.2)
Elongation, min % 420
A
3.3 The tire used for this specification is produced by the
Durometer hardness 65+4/−1
Restored energy (rebound or resilience) 39 6 2
Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Company, Inc. The tire is stamped on
A
Measured on tire tread.
the sidewall with the words: “Standard Reference Test Tire.”
4. Materials and Manufacture
6. Physical Properties
4.1 The individual standard reference test tires shall con-
form to the manufacturer’s design standards. Dimensions,
6.1 The physical properties of the tread compound are listed
weights, and permissible variations are given in Section 7 and
in Table 2.
Table 1 and Table 2.
4.2 Tread compounding, fabric processing, and all the steps
7. Dimensions, Weights, and Permissible Variations
in tire manufacturing shall be controlled to ensure minimum
7.1 Details of dimensions are listed as follows and are
variability between tires.
shown in Fig. 3. When tolerances are not specified, tire
4.3 The standard reference test tire shall be as originally
dimensions are subject to manufacturer’s normal tolerances.
molded without any tread grinding or repairs.
5. Material Requirements
5.1 The requirements for tread compound are given inTable
1.
5.1.1 Certain proprietary products have been specified since
exact duplication of properties of the finished tire may not be
achievedwithothersimilarproducts.Thisinclusiondoesnotin
any way comprise a recommendation for these proprietary
products, nor against similar products of other manufacturers,
nor does it imply any superiority over any such similar
products.
5.2 The tire shall be of the following construction:
5.2.1 One-ply sidewall (polyester), and
5.2.2 A three-ply tread (one polyester and two steel belts).
AvailablefromUniroyalGoodrichTireCompany,Inc.,OpelikaPlant,P.O.Box
30, Opelika, AL 36801, Attn: Development Qualification Center SRTT Manager. FIG. 3 Tire Cross Section, Including Inflated Tire Dimensions
...