ASTM E3002-15

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Designation: E3002 − 15
Standard Practice for
Assessing the Comparative Efficacy of Products Used for
the Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs)
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on Skin
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.1.1.1 Discussion—The most common chemical warfare
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agents are: (1 and 2): (a) nerve agents—tabun (GA), sarin
1.1 This practice establishes an in-vivo method for assessing
(GB), soman (GD), cyclosarin (GF), VX; and (b) blister agents
the comparative efficacy of products used for the decontami-
(or vesicants)—mustard and lewisite.
nation of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) on the skin.
2.1.2 decontamination, n—the process of physical removal
1.2 This practice provides a quantitative efficacy compari-
or chemical neutralization, or both, of CWAs to decrease or
son of different skin decontamination products.
prevent health effects due to a dermal contamination.
1.3 To minimize the number of animals used, this in-vivo
2.1.3 in-vitro study, n—study or protocol performed outside
practice should be performed only after rigorous in-vitro
of a living organism, either with or without the use of a
studies of the candidate decontaminant, which can show the
biological material.
implied claims including chemical neutralization, decontami-
2.1.4 in-vivo study, n—study using a whole living organism.
nation studies on surfaces and appropriate testing such as
cytotoxicity. 2.1.5 Organophosphate Agent (OP), n—the general name
for esters of phosphoric acid that are toxic through inhibition of
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2.1.6 Protective Ratio (PR), n—the LD of the decontami-
standard.
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nated animals divided by the LD of the positive control
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1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(exposed to CWAs and not decontaminated) animals (3-5).
safety concerns, if any, associated with the use of decontami-
2.1.7 vesicant agent—a chemical agent that causes burns
nation products or CWAs. It is the responsibility of the user of
and destruction of tissue.
this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
2.2 Acronyms:
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.2.1 GA—common name: Tabun; IUPAC name: (Ethyl
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate): Organophosphate nerve
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
agent.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2.2.1.1 Discussion—This nerve agent is the easiest to manu-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
facture. Consequently, it is more likely that developing coun-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
tries start their CW arsenal with this nerve agent whereas
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
industrialized countries consider Tabun to be out-of-date and of
limited use.
2. Terminology
2.2.2 GB—common name: Sarin; IUPAC name: ((RS)-
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Propan-2-yl methylphosphonofluoride) Organophosphate
2.1.1 Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA), n—toxic chemicals
nerve agent.
that have been used as chemical weapons, or have been
2.2.2.1 Discussion—GB is a volatile substance mainly taken
developed for use as chemical weapons.
up through inhalation.
2.2.3 GD—common name: Soman; IUPAC name: (O-
Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate Organophosphate nerve
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland agent.
Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.01 on
CBRNE Detection and Decontamination.
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Current edition approved June 15, 2015. Published June 2015. DOI: 10.1520/ The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
E3002-15. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E3002 − 15
2.2.3.1 Discussion—A moderately volatile substance which 4. Significance and Use
can be taken up by inhalation or skin contact.
4.1 This practice specifies an in-vivo measurement of CWA
2.2.4 GF—common name: Cyclohexyl sarin; IUPAC name: decontamination on the skin.
(Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) Organophosphate
4.2 CWA skin decontaminants will have different modes of
nerve agent.
action including absorption, adsorption, removal, chemical
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...