SIST EN 12921-1:2005

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Maschinen zur Oberflächenreinigung und -vorbehandlung von industriellen Produkten mittels Flüssigkeiten oder Dampfphasen - Teil 1: Allgemeine SicherheitsanforderungenMachines de nettoyage et de pré-traitement de pieces industrielles utilisant des liquides ou des vapeurs - Partie 1 : Prescriptions générales de sécuritéMachines for surface cleaning and pre-treatment of industrial items using liquids or vapours - Part 1: Common safety requirements97.080Aparati za nego talFloor treatment appliancesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12921-1:2005SIST EN 12921-1:2005en01-julij-2005SIST EN 12921-1:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12921-1May 2005ICS 25.220.10; 25.220.20English versionMachines for surface cleaning and pre-treatment of industrialitems using liquids or vapours - Part 1: Common safetyrequirementsMachines de nettoyage et de pré-traitement de piècesindustrielles utilisant des liquides ou des vapeurs - Partie 1: Prescriptions générales de sécuritéMaschinen zur Oberflächenreinigung und -vorbehandlungvon industriellen Produkten mittels Flüssigkeiten oderDampffasen - Teil 1: Allgemeine SicherheitsanforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 March 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12921-1:2005: ESIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.7 3 Terms and definitions.9 4 List of significant hazards.13 4.1 General.13 4.2 Mechanical hazards.13 4.3 Electrical hazards.14 4.4 Thermal hazards.14 4.5 Hazards generated by noise.14 4.6 Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or emitted by the cleaning machine.15 4.7 Hazards combinations.16 4.8 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply.16 4.9 Hazards related to failure of control systems.16 5 Safety requirements and/or measures.17 5.1 General.17 5.2 Safety requirements and measures against mechanical hazards.17 5.3 Safety requirements and measures against electrical hazards.22 5.4 Safety requirements and measures against thermal hazards.22 5.5 Safety requirements and measures against noise.24 5.6 Safety requirements and measures against hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or emitted by the cleaning machine.25 5.7 Safety requirements and measures against hazard combinations.27 5.8 Safety requirements and measures against failure of energy supply.27 5.9 Safety requirements and measures against failure of control systems.28 6 Verification of the safety requirements.30 6.1 General.30 6.2 Mechanical.30 6.3 Electrical.30 6.4 Thermal.30 6.5 Noise.31 6.6 Material and substances processed, used or emitted by the cleaning machines.31 6.7 Hazard combinations.32 SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 3 6.8 Failure of energy supply.32 6.9 Control systems.32 7 Information for use.32 7.1 General.32 7.2 Instruction handbook.32 7.3 Marking.35 Annex A (informative)
National references to exposure limit values.37 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.38 Bibliography.39
SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12921-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 271 “Surface treatment equipment — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. NOTE:
Although a cleaning machine, as an integral whole, formally does not fall under the scope of the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC, the standard is based upon a fundamental risk analysis according to this directive. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. This European Standard consists of the following parts:  Part 1: Common safety requirements  Part 2: Safety of machines using water based cleaning liquids  Part 3: Safety of machines using flammable cleaning liquids  Part 4: Safety of machines using halogenated solvents SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 6 
1 Scope 1.1 This standardapplies to machines for surface cleaning and pre-treatment – in the following called "cleaning machines" – of industrial items using liquids or vapours, i. e. stationary machines and related equipment for automated and manual cleaning and pre-treatment processes. NOTE
Cleaning machines are operated with or without heating, for example as dipping or spraying or vapour condensation process, where additional using of ultrasound is possible. These cleaning machines could be designed as single-zone or multi-zone machine, chamber machines, drum cleaning machine, low lift truck machines, round time machines or tunnel (continuous) machines. To the extent of this document, cleaning machines for industrial items are considered as an assembly of the following equipment:  pump(s) and/or other mechanical system of agitation, recirculation and spraying of cleaning liquid;  forced ventilation system;  heating system with temperature control;  condensation system;  filtration and separation system and/or solid particles extraction from the liquid;  conveyor and/or handling system for the items to be processed;  product handling systems and reciprocators which are part of the cleaning machine;  control and/or monitoring systems;  liquid handling system. 1.2 This European Standard deals with the common significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to cleaning machines for industrial items using liquids or vapours when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). This part of the standard defines the common safety requirements for all kinds of cleaning machines for industrial items using liquids or vapours and related common devices and should be used in connection with other parts of the EN 12921-series. The specific requirements specified in part 2 and following parts of EN 12921 take precedence over the respective requirements in EN 12921. NOTE
In addition, where a cleaning machine is not covered by a specific part of this document, part 1 of EN 12921 can be used to establish the approach for dealing with the relevant risks. Specific hazards which are related to the type of cleaning liquid used are dealt with in the following documents:  EN 12921-2 for water based cleaning liquids;  EN 12921-3 for flammable cleaning liquids;  prEN 12921-4 for halogenated solvents. 1.3 This standard is not applicable to:  mobile portable cleaning; SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 7  high pressure cleaning with high pressure water jet machines according to prEN 1829-1;  conveyor dishwashing machines according to prEN 50416;  surface cleaning appliances employing liquids according to EN 60335-2-54;  commercial electric dishwashing machines according to EN 60335-2-58;  cleaning with high pressure cleaners and steam cleaners according to EN 60335-2-79;  all loading and unloading systems;  automatic systems, e. g. robots as covered by EN 775;  centrifuges as covered by EN 12547;  pumps and pump units for liquids as covered by EN 809;  plasma energy;  mechanical blasting;  heat and/or thermal energy;  hazards related to drying processes;  cleaning of textiles or clothes;  food processing. 1.4 This standard is not applicable to cleaning machines for industrial items which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 418, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects - Principles for design EN 563, Safety of machinery — Temperatures of touchable surfaces — Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces EN 619, Continuous handling equipment and systems — Safety and EMC requirements for equipment for mechanical handling of unit loads EN 626-1, Safety of machinery — Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery — Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers EN 811, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 8 EN 842, Safety of machinery — Visual danger signals — General requirements, design and testing EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 894-2; Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 2: Displays EN 894-3; Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators - Part 3: Control actuators EN 953; Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 954-1:1996; Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design CR 954-100; Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 100: Guide on the use and application of EN 954-1:1996 EN 981; Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information signals EN 982; Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Hydraulics EN 983; Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Pneumatics EN 999, Safety of machinery — The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body EN 1037; Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 1093-3, Safety of machinery — Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances — Part 3: Emission rate of a specified pollutant — Bench test method using the real pollutant EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology EN 12921-3, Machines for surface cleaning and pre-treatment of industrial items using liquids or vapours - Part 3: Safety of machines using flammable cleaning liquids EN 13478; Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection EN 14462; Surface treatment equipment — Noise test code for surface treatment equipment including its ancillary handling equipment — Accuracy grades 2 and 3 EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997) EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-1: Generic standards; Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:1997, modified) EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards; Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3:1996, modified) SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 9 EN 61010-1; Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001) EN 61310-1; Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:1995) EN 61310-2, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 2: Requirements for marking (IEC 61310-2:1995) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003; Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003; Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 14122-1; Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 1: Choice of fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) EN ISO 14122-2; Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001) EN ISO 14122-3; Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001) ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment — Index and synopsis 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 accessible danger zone areas where, for example, area guards or ESPDs allow whole-body access. The objective is to prevent anyone starting the machine while persons are inside the danger zone 3.2 automatic machines and equipment machines and equipment in which systems are used to control their operation without further intervention from the operator once the start control has been activated. Such machines may be either free standing or included in a complex installation 3.3 cleaning liquid any liquid which can be used in liquid and vapour form for surface treatment (cleaning and/or washing) of items in the machine NOTE 1 It is distinguished between:  water based cleaning liquids and  flammable cleaning liquids and  halogenated solvents. SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 10 NOTE 2 Some preparations for cleaning and degreasing at room temperature are also called cleaner solvents. They may be hazardous to health and combustible, as a mixture with air their vapours may be explosive. 3.4 closed machine machine offering access to the (cleaning) process by safe guarded covers or doors which shall remain closed during the process and which can be opened for maintenance and loading or unloading purposes only 3.5 complex installation
combination of machines and service equipment, working as one integrated production unit, subject to an overall control system 3.6 danger points defined locations in the danger zone of machines where persons can be injured by movements of  parts of machines  tools of machines or parts of tools  items or parts of items  materials being processed. NOTE
Danger points can exist, for example, on gear, chain and worm drives, V-belt, flat belt, pulling and supporting elements on continuous conveyors, spoke wheels and fly wheels, shafts and shaft ends, rollers, slides, push rods and similar parts, tools and clamping devices. Particular points of danger are:  crushing and shearing points  trapping points  inrunning nips  cutting, punching and impact points. 3.7 ESPD electro-sensitive protective device 3.8 flammable cleaning liquid liquid able to undergo an exothermic reaction with air when ignited NOTE
A liquid can only burn when the molecules of the liquid are in intimate contact with oxygen from the air. Ignition is possible when the liquid generates a concentration of vapour in air, or the flammable liquid is present as a suspension of fine droplets in air (aerosol). 3.9 forced ventilation air exchange achieved by fans or by other powered means which removes from the machines vapours, fumes, gases, mist, etc. 3.10 halogenated solvent organic solvent containing at least one halogen atom per molecule and not having a flash point as determined by standard methods SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 11 NOTE
These halogenated solvents used in industry generally contain a small quantity of stabilising agents (anti-acid, anti-oxidant, etc.). 3.11 heating system system fitted to the machine in order to raise the temperature of the cleaning liquid above the local ambient temperature 3.12 heat source any energy source in contact with the cleaning liquid which can lead to an increase of the temperature of the cleaning liquid NOTE
Heat sources are e. g.:  heating system;  ultrasonic waves;  pumping energy;  stored heat of items;  mechanical agitation;  heating from electrical conductors, motors  heat caused by magnetic fields;  refrigeration system;  sunrays. 3.13 hold-to-run control device control device which initiates and maintains operation of machine elements only as long as the manual control (actuator) is actuated. The manual control (actuator) automatically returns to the stop position when released 3.14 immersion process
operation where the item to be cleaned is placed in a tank containing a cleaning liquid which comes into contact with the entire surface of the item in order to achieve the required result by dispersion of contaminants into the cleaning liquid 3.15 items
parts whose surfaces are treated in the cleaning machine NOTE
The word item is used for workpieces processed individually, or in bulk, or on jigs or in baskets. 3.16 liquid agitation machine machine for an immersion process where the cleaning liquid is moved by e. g.: pump(s) with adequate, submerged or not, nozzles, jets or inlet openings, propeller 3.17 maximum admissible cleaning liquid capacity maximum mass and volume of cleaning liquid which can be filled into the cleaning machine 3.18 maximum admissible design temperature maximum temperature value of the cleaning liquid the cleaning machine is designed for SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 12 3.19 maximum admissible load capacity maximum mass and volume of items that can be charged into the cleaning machine. The load may contain more than one item 3.20 multistage process process during which the items are treated within several successive stages. The process can be carried out in one or in several chambers or tanks 3.21 normal operation situation where the equipment, protective system, and components perform their intended function within their design parameters (see also 5.2.2.a) of EN ISO 12100-1:2003) 3.22 organic solvent solvent of which a molecule contains at least one carbon atom 3.23 safety data sheet document, drawn up in 16 chapters in compliance of the Directive 67/548/EEC, reporting the characteristics of a chemical product to evaluate the potential risks soaring from its use 3.24 solvent liquid into which another substance can be dissolved 3.25 spray process cleaning/washing operation where a cleaning liquid is pressurized and applied to the item to achieve a required result 3.26 surface cleaning process whole process to achieve the required level of cleanliness by which soils and other contaminants are removed in one or more stages from the surface of the item by chemical, mechanical and/or thermal action 3.27 surface pre-treatment process whole process to achieve the required surface property of the item by chemical, mechanical and/or thermal action (e. g. by pickling, phosphating, chromating, passivating) NOTE
The surface pre-treatment process is applied to remove e. g. corrosive products, mill scale, burrs, as well as for generating conversions layers (non-metallic, frequently inorganic layers on metal surfaces). 3.28 thermal cut-off safety device which cuts off the heating system or any heat source in order to avoid over temperature 3.29 tunnel machine cleaning machine consisting of a housing for continuous movement of items to be processed with openings for feeding in and out items 3.30 turntable machine closed cleaning machine with a rotating platform for processing items SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 13 3.31 water based cleaning liquid solution or mixture of solid, liquid or pasty substances in or with water of any pH-value. Water based cleaning liquids can appear as emulsions, dispersions or suspensions 3.32 integrated feeding system feed mechanism for the item which is integrated with the cleaning machine and where the item is held and controlled mechanically during surface cleaning and pre-treatment process 3.33 loading/unloading operation where the item is put on/taken from the integrated feeding system 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 General This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Additional specific hazards are mentioned in EN 12921-2, EN 12921-3 and EN 12921-4. NOTE
Information on the method of risk analysis is given in EN 1050. 4.2 Mechanical hazards 4.2.1 Crushing, shearing, cutting, entanglement, drawing-in, impact These hazards may result from the mechanical interfaces of the following equipment especially with cleaning machines:  moving parts (e. g. covers, doors, including conveyor systems e. g.: chain, belt and roller type);  product handling system (e. g. hazards from inrunning nips);  product handling systems and reciprocators which are part of the cleaning machine;  fans and automatic damper adjusters (e. g. injuries caused by over-running of fan blades);  automatic equipment or systems (e. g. power driven turntables for items, reciprocators). 4.2.2 High pressure fluid ejection These hazards are related to:  overpressure;  rupture of the piping or joints due to failure, breakdown, vibrations, corrosion. NOTE
The hazards under this sub-clause are of a mechanical nature, but the aggravating effects of the nature of the cleaning liquid should be considered. It is recommended to refer to 4.7. SIST EN 12921-1:2005



EN 12921-1:2005 (E) 14 4.2.3 Ejection of parts of the cleaning machine and/or items
These hazards may occur, for instance, by  fall of items while loading/unloading or during the process. NOTE
The hazards under this sub-clause are of a mechanical nature but the aggravating effects of the nature of the cleaning liquid should be considered. It is recommended to refer to 4.7. 4.2.4 Loss of stability (of cleaning machine and cleaning machine parts) These hazards are related to, e. g.  improper positioning of the cleaning machine;  overload;  overfilling. NOTE
The hazards under this sub-clause are of a mechanical nature but the aggravating effects of the nature of the cleaning liquid should be considered. It is recommended to refer to 4.7. 4.2.5 Personnel's slip, trip and fall hazards Such hazards may occur, for instance, on gangways, platforms, ladders, stairs, gratings and excavations equipping the cleaning machines. 4.3 Electrical hazards These hazards are related to  electrical shock (direct or indirect contact);  external influences on electrical equipment (electromagnetic influences). 4.4 Thermal hazards These hazards result
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