SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024
(Amendment)Geographic information - Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems - Amendment 1
Information géographique - Représentation textuelle bien lisible de systèmes de référence par coordonnées - Amendement 1
Geografske informacije - Koordinatni referenčni sistemi, podani kot tekst - Dopolnilo 1
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 11-Aug-2024
- Technical Committee
- GIG - Geographic information
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 22-Jul-2024
- Due Date
- 26-Sep-2024
- Completion Date
- 12-Aug-2024
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2024
Overview
SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024, published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST), is an amendment to the internationally recognized standard on the Well-known Text (WKT) representation of coordinate reference systems (CRS). This amendment aligns with ISO 19162:2019/Amd 1:2023 and was prepared in collaboration with ISO/TC 211 (Geographic information/Geomatics) and the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
The document introduces critical clarifications and updates to the definitions and structure of WKT for geographic and geodetic data, supporting the consistent, interoperable exchange and interpretation of spatial information systems globally.
Key Topics
This amendment addresses several key enhancements and clarifications to the WKT standard for coordinate reference systems:
- Refined Definitions: Updates definitions such as "datum ensemble," "geodetic coordinate reference system," and "spherical coordinate system" for clearer differentiation and practical application.
- Axis Handling Enhancements: Introduces optional attributes for axis, including minimum and maximum values (e.g., for longitude or latitude), and "range meaning" to specify whether an axis wraps around (such as 0-360° for longitude).
- Syntax and Grammar Updates: Modifies WKT syntax to support more characters and clarifies the use of units, identifiers, and transformation information. Explicit handling of the "@" sign and expanded character set are included.
- Transformation and Metadata: Adds new ways to describe defining transformations for CRS and updates requirements for metadata in dynamic coordinate reference systems.
- Updated Examples: Provides revised and new WKT examples to illustrate correct usage in practical scenarios.
- Unit Specification: Emphasizes explicit inclusion of units for parameters and clarifies implied units for backward compatibility.
Applications
The amendment has significant practical value for professionals and organizations involved in:
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Ensuring precise and standardized description of spatial reference systems within GIS software and datasets.
- Geodesy and Surveying: Facilitating sharing and interpretation of spatial data where coordinate reference systems may evolve or differ regionally.
- Mapping and Cartography: Supporting accurate map production and spatial analysis by providing unambiguous CRS definitions.
- Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI): Promoting interoperability between platforms, agencies, and countries by enabling harmonized data exchange.
- Software Development: Assisting developers in implementing or updating WKT parsers, validators, and converters for modern spatial data handling.
Related Standards
The SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024 amendment relates to several important standards in geographic information:
- ISO 19162:2019: The main standard for Well-known Text representation of coordinate reference systems.
- ISO 19111/Amd2:2023: Source of updated terminology and definitions for datums and coordinate systems.
- OGC Standards: Open Geospatial Consortium documents on WKT and CRS implementation.
- SIST ISO 19111: Local adaptation of ISO 19111, defining spatial referencing by coordinates.
- ISO/IEC 10646:2012: Standard referenced for character identification in updated WKT syntax.
Adoption of this amendment supports improved accuracy, data quality, and interoperability across geospatial applications, facilitating compliance with international best practices.
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Frequently Asked Questions
SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Geographic information - Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems - Amendment 1". This standard covers: Geographic information - Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems - Amendment 1
Geographic information - Well-known text representation of coordinate reference systems - Amendment 1
SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 07.040 - Astronomy. Geodesy. Geography; 35.240.70 - IT applications in science. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST ISO 19162:2024. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST ISO 19162:2024/Amd 1:2024 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19162
Second edition
2019-07
AMENDMENT 1
2023-08
Geographic information — Well-
known text representation of
coordinate reference systems
AMENDMENT 1
Reference number
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics,
in collaboration with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iii
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
Geographic information — Well-known text representation
of coordinate reference systems
AMENDMENT 1
3.1.13
Replace definition with:
3.1.13
datum ensemble
group of multiple realizations of the same terrestrial or vertical reference system that, for approximate
spatial referencing purposes, are not significantly different
EXAMPLE “WGS 84” as an undifferentiated group of realizations including WGS 84 (TRANSIT), WGS 84
(G730), WGS 84 (G873), WGS 84 (G1150), WGS 84 (G1674) and WGS 84 (G1762). At the surface of the Earth these
have changed on average by 0.7 m between the TRANSIT and G730 realizations, a further 0.2 m between G730
and G873, 0.06 m between G873 and G1150, 0.2 m between G1150 and G1674 and 0.02 m between G1674 and
G1762.
Note 1 to entry: Datasets referenced to the different realizations within a datum ensemble may be merged
without coordinate transformation.
Note 2 to entry: ‘Approximate’ is for users to define but typically is in the order of under 1 decimetre but may be
up to 2 metres.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.16]
3.1.14
Replace "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.8]" by "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.18]"
3.1.15
Replace "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.9]" by "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.19]"
3.1.25
Replace definition with:
3.1.25
geodetic coordinate reference system
two- or three-dimensional coordinate reference system based on a geodetic datum reference frame and
having either a three-dimensional Cartesian or an ellipsoidal or a spherical coordinate system
Note 1 to entry: In this document a coordinate reference system based on a geodetic reference frame and having
an ellipsoidal coordinate system is geographic.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.31]
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
3.1.45
Replace definition with:
3.1.45
spherical coordinate system
two- or three-dimensional coordinate system in Euclidean space in which position is specified by two
angular coordinates and (in the three-dimensional case) one distance coordinate
Note 1 to entry: Not to be confused with an ellipsoidal coordinate system based on an ellipsoid ‘degenerated’ into
a sphere.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.60]
3.2
In the entry for EPSG, replace www .epsg -registry .org with https:// epsg .org.
6.3.1
Insert the following in the row above :
::= @ !! ISO/IEC 10646:2012 character identifier U+0040
6.3.4
Replace with the following:
::= |
| |
| | | |
| |
| |
|
| | | |
| | | |
| | | | |
| | | |
| | |
6.6
Insert the following in the row above angleUnit:
anchorEpoch 8 and 10
Insert the following in the two rows above baseEngCRS:
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
axisMaxValue 7
axisMinValue 7
Insert the following in the row above derivedProjCRS:
definingTransformation 8
Insert the following in the row above remark:
rangeMeaning 7
7.5.1
Replace rows for spatial axis, temporalCountMeasure axis and ordinal-dateTime axis with the following:
::=
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ { } ]…
!! Axis unit and conversion factor mandatory. See 7.5.6.2.
::=
[ ]
[
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2024
Geografske informacije - Koordinatni referenčni sistemi, podani kot tekst -
Dopolnilo 1
Geographic information - Well-known text representation of coordinate reference
systems - Amendment 1
Information géographique - Représentation textuelle bien lisible de systèmes de
référence par coordonnées - Amendement 1
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 19162:2019/Amd 1:2023
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19162
Second edition
2019-07
AMENDMENT 1
2023-08
Geographic information — Well-
known text representation of
coordinate reference systems
AMENDMENT 1
Reference number
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics,
in collaboration with the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iii
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
Geographic information — Well-known text representation
of coordinate reference systems
AMENDMENT 1
3.1.13
Replace definition with:
3.1.13
datum ensemble
group of multiple realizations of the same terrestrial or vertical reference system that, for approximate
spatial referencing purposes, are not significantly different
EXAMPLE “WGS 84” as an undifferentiated group of realizations including WGS 84 (TRANSIT), WGS 84
(G730), WGS 84 (G873), WGS 84 (G1150), WGS 84 (G1674) and WGS 84 (G1762). At the surface of the Earth these
have changed on average by 0.7 m between the TRANSIT and G730 realizations, a further 0.2 m between G730
and G873, 0.06 m between G873 and G1150, 0.2 m between G1150 and G1674 and 0.02 m between G1674 and
G1762.
Note 1 to entry: Datasets referenced to the different realizations within a datum ensemble may be merged
without coordinate transformation.
Note 2 to entry: ‘Approximate’ is for users to define but typically is in the order of under 1 decimetre but may be
up to 2 metres.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.16]
3.1.14
Replace "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.8]" by "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.18]"
3.1.15
Replace "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.9]" by "[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.19]"
3.1.25
Replace definition with:
3.1.25
geodetic coordinate reference system
two- or three-dimensional coordinate reference system based on a geodetic datum reference frame and
having either a three-dimensional Cartesian or an ellipsoidal or a spherical coordinate system
Note 1 to entry: In this document a coordinate reference system based on a geodetic reference frame and having
an ellipsoidal coordinate system is geographic.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.31]
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
3.1.45
Replace definition with:
3.1.45
spherical coordinate system
two- or three-dimensional coordinate system in Euclidean space in which position is specified by two
angular coordinates and (in the three-dimensional case) one distance coordinate
Note 1 to entry: Not to be confused with an ellipsoidal coordinate system based on an ellipsoid ‘degenerated’ into
a sphere.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111/Amd2: 2023, 3.1.60]
3.2
In the entry for EPSG, replace www .epsg -registry .org with https:// epsg .org.
6.3.1
Insert the following in the row above :
::= @ !! ISO/IEC 10646:2012 character identifier U+0040
6.3.4
Replace with the following:
::= |
| |
| | | |
| |
| |
|
| | | |
| | | |
| | | | |
| | | |
| | |
6.6
Insert the following in the row above angleUnit:
anchorEpoch 8 and 10
Insert the following in the two rows above baseEngCRS:
ISO 19162:2019/Amd.1:2023(E)
axisMaxValue 7
axisMinValue 7
Insert the following in the row above derivedProjCRS:
definingTransformation 8
Insert the following in the row above remark:
rangeMeaning 7
7.5.1
Replace rows for spatial axis, temporalCountMeasure axis and ordinal-dateTime axis with the following:
::=
[ ]
[ ]
[ ]
[ { } ]…
!! Axis unit and conversion factor mandatory. See 7.5.6.2.
::=
[ ]
[







