SIST EN 13260:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13260:2020
01-november-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13260:2009+A1:2010
Železniške naprave - Kolesne dvojice in podstavni vozički - Kolesne dvojice -
Zahtevane lastnosti proizvoda
Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Wheelsets - Product requirements
Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle - Radsätze - Produktanforderungen
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Essieux montés - Prescriptions
pour le produit
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13260:2020
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
SIST EN 13260:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 13260:2020

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SIST EN 13260:2020


EN 13260
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

September 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.040 Supersedes EN 13260:2009+A1:2010
English Version

Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Wheelsets -
Product requirements
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle -
Essieux montés - Prescriptions pour le produit Radsätze - Produktanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 July 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13260:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 13260:2020
EN 13260:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Product definition . 7
4.1 Assembly of components . 7
4.1.1 General . 7
4.1.2 Interference between wheel seat and wheel hub bore . 8
4.1.3 Press-fitting curve . 8
4.2 Wheelset characteristics . 8
4.2.1 Mechanical resistance of assemblies . 8
4.2.2 Fatigue characteristics . 9
4.2.3 Electrical resistance . 10
4.2.4 Dynamic imbalance . 10
4.2.5 Dimensions and tolerances . 11
4.2.6 Residual stresses on the wheel seats . 15
4.2.7 Protection against corrosion and mechanical damage . 15
4.2.8 Marking . 16
5 Product qualification . 16
6 Conditions of supply of the product . 16
Annexe A (normative) Characteristics of the press-fitting curve . 17
Annexe B (informative) Information about test pieces for fatigue tests . 20
Annexe C (informative) Information to be provided to identify wheelset components . 23
Annexe D (normative) Product qualification . 27
D.1 Introduction . 27
D.2 General . 27
D.3 Requirements . 28
D.3.1 Requirements to be met by the manufacturing process . 28
D.3.1.1 General . 28
D.3.1.2 Quality organisation. 28
D.3.2 Staff qualification . 28
D.3.2.1 General . 28
D.3.2.2 Equipment . 28
D.3.3 Requirements to be met by the product . 28
D.4 Qualification procedure . 28
D.4.1 General . 28
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D.4.2 Documentation required . 28
D.4.3 Evaluation of the manufacturing facilities and processes . 29
D.4.4 Laboratory tests . 29
D.4.5 Finished product testing . 29
D.5 Validity of the qualification . 30
D.5.1 Conditions of validity . 30
D.5.2 Modification and extension . 30
D.5.3 Transfer . 30
D.5.4 Expiry . 30
D.5.5 Withdrawal . 30
D.6 Qualification record . 30
Annexe E (normative) Conditions of supply of the product . 31
E.1 Introduction. 31
E.2 General . 31
E.3 Unit checks . 31
E.4 Optional controls . 32
E.4.1 Dimensional check . 32
E.4.2 Ultrasonic examination . 32
E.5 Permissible repairs . 33
E.6 Documents . 33
E.6.1 Shrink-fitting . 33
E.6.2 Press-fitting . 34
E.6.3 Components . 35
E.7 Quality plan . 35
E.7.1 General . 35
E.7.2 Objectives . 35
E.7.3 Quality Plan terms of application . 35
Annexe ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the
essential requirements of Directive 2016/797/EC to be fulfilled . 36
Bibliography . 38

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SIST EN 13260:2020
EN 13260:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13260:2020) was prepared by the CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications” Technical
Committee, the secretariat of which is held by the DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, by March 2021 at the latest, and all conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn no later than March 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights or similar rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying all or some of
these patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 13260:2009+A1:2010.
This document has been prepared within the framework of a mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports the essential requirements of Directive
2016/797/EC.
For the relationship with Directive 2016/797/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which forms an integral part of
this document.
For a description of the technical changes made in this new edition, see the Introduction.
The informative annexes to this document provide additional guidance that is not mandatory but that helps
to understand or use the document.
NOTE The informative annexes may contain optional requirements. For example, a test method that is optional, or
presented as an example, may contain requirements, but it is not necessary to meet these requirements to be in
compliance with the document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are required to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Republic of North Macedonia,
the Republic of Serbia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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Introduction
After several years of use of the first editions of this document (EN 13260:2003, EN 13260:2009 and
EN 13260:2009+A1:2010), this new edition includes improvements and additional data.
The product requirements have been harmonised across all three standards for wheelsets, wheels and axles.
In addition, the annexes concerning the qualification of the product and the conditions of supply of the
product, which were previously informative, have been modified taking the feedback into account and have
become normative.
Due to significant in-service feedback on wheelsets in accordance with European Product Design and
Qualification Standards, the fatigue test for the assembly is now limited in this revision to specific assembly
designs and processes.
Annex A, with the press-fitting curves, contains much more detail than the previous version.
Annex C contains information for identifying wheelset components on the basis of standard EN 15313. Also,
the “freight wagon” and “locomotive and passenger vehicle” TSIs require the existence of a production
verification process.
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1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of wheelsets for all track gauges.
This document applies to heavy railway vehicles but may also apply to other vehicles such as light railway
vehicles, trams or undergrounds.
This document applies to wheelsets made from elements defined by the following European Standards:
— EN 13262 for wheels;
— EN 13261 for axles.
The requirements defined in this standard apply to cylindrical wheel seats. Most of the requirements also
apply to wheelsets with conical wheel seats. Specific requirements for conical wheel seats (e.g. press-fitting
curves, geometric dimensions.) are defined in the technical specification.
Some characteristics are given according to category 1 or category 2.
2 Normative references
The following documents referred to in the text constitute, for all or part of their content, requirements of
this document. For dated references, only the cited edition applies. For undated references, the last edition of
the reference document applies (including any amendments).
EN 13103-1, Railway applications – Wheelsets and bogies – Part 1: Design method for axles with external
journals
EN 13261, Railway applications — Wheelsets and bogies — Axles — Product requirements
EN 13262, Railway applications — Wheelsets and bogies — Wheels — Product requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for standardisation, which can be accessed at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
Technical specification
A document describing specific parameters and/or product requirements in addition to the requirements of
this document
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3.2
Axle categories
Classification of the component, based on operational aspects, which determines the list of requirements to
be applied
Note 1 to clause: Category 1 is generally selected when the traffic speed is greater than 200 km/h. The wheelset is
then composed of wheels and a category 1 axle, according to EN 13262 for wheels and EN 13261 for axles.
Note 2 to clause: Category 2 is divided into sub-categories (2a and 2b) to specify certain characteristics:
— 2a) max. speed ≤ 120 km/h;
— 2b) 120 < max. speed ≤ 200 km/h.
Note 3 to clause: These categories can also be defined in accordance with the technical specification.
4 Product definition
4.1 Assembly of components
4.1.1 General
Before assembly, the various components of the wheelset must fulfil the geometric requirements of the
specific documents that define them. In particular, the axle and wheels must be in the “ready to assemble”
state defined in EN 13262 for wheels and EN 13261 for axles.
The components of the wheelset can be shrink-fitted or press-fitted to the axle.
The wheels should be fitted with an oil injection hole.
The interference fits to be used must be defined by the technical specification, depending on the
characteristics of the material used for this element and the forces and moments to be transmitted through
the fit. This interference must be defined according to the geometric tolerances of the wheel seats whose
interference values are given in 4.1.2.
In the case of shrink-fitting, the whole wheel should be heated and its temperature should not exceed 250°C.
If a different heating method is used, proof must be provided that it has had no influence on the
characteristics of the wheel, as defined in EN 13262.
If another fitting method is used, it must be defined in the technical specification. It must at least
demonstrate that the characteristics of the axle and wheel as defined in EN 13261 and EN 13262 are not
affected by the fitting. Then the mechanical resistance of the assembly (see 4.2.1) must be demonstrated and
the traceability documents for each fitting must be defined to give the same type of information as that
defined in E.6.
The static imbalance of the two wheels on each wheelset must be within the same diametric plane and on the
same side of the axle. The static imbalance of the brake discs must be in the same plane as the wheels but on
the opposite side of the axle.
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4.1.2 Interference between wheel seat and wheel hub bore
If no other requirement is given in the technical specification, the interference values "j" to be adhered to are,
in millimetres:
— for shrink-fitting: 0.0009 dm ≤ j ≤ 0.0015 dm;
— for press-fitting: 0.0010 dm ≤ j ≤ 0.0015 dm + 0.06;
where dm is the wheel seat mean diameter in millimetres.
4.1.3 Press-fitting curve
4.1.3.1 Results to be achieved
For press-fitting, the force-displacement curve ensures that the fitting has not damaged the contact surfaces
and that the specified interference is effective.
The shape of the curve to be achieved is defined in Annex A.
The final fitting force F is a function of the force F defined in 4.2.1 and must be within the range:
f
0.85 F < F < 1.45 F
f
This range applies to:
— press-fitting of one-piece wheels;
— with L /dm 0.8 to 1.1, where dm is the mean diameter of the wheel seat, and L is the fitting length (in
f f
mm);
 molybdenum-based pastes (MoS ) and tallow.
2
If other lubricants are used, they must be defined in the technical specification and verified with the product
qualification in accordance with Annex D, including the dismantling test in accordance with subclause 4.2.1.
4.1.3.2 Measurement method
The press used for assembling must have a calibrated system to plot the diagram representing the force
value at each position of the element to be fitted, obtained during the displacement of the element on the
axle. The x-axis scale of the displacement must be at least 0.5 times the actual displacement of the element to
be fitted. The y-axis scale of force must allow the force to be read at each point of the curve at an accuracy of
25 KN. The accuracy of the force sensor must be 10 KN. The x-axis and y-axis can be inverted.
In the case of point recording, at least one point must be plotted per millimetre of relative displacement of
the parts to be fitted and per 25 KN variation in force.
4.2 Wheelset characteristics
4.2.1 Mechanical resistance of assemblies
4.2.1.1 General requirements
Annexes A and E define the need for this test.
4.2.1.2 Results to be achieved
In order to transmit moments and forces between the axle and the wheel, the assembly must be able to
withstand an axial force F for 30 s, without displacement between one element and another.
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This force F must be defined in the technical specification.
For wheels, if no specific requirement is given in the technical specification, the value of F is as follows:
F = 4 dm
when
0.8 dm < L < 1.1 dm
f
where
dm is the mean diameter of the wheel seat in mm, L is the length of the fitting in millimetres and F is
f
the force in KN.
4.2.1.3 Test method
The test must be performed on a press equipped with a device to record forces.
The force is applied gradually up to the value F, between one of the hub faces of the fitted element and the
axle.
For press-fitted wheels, the dismantling test should be performed at least 48 hours after the fitting.
For shrink-fitted wheels, the test is to be done when the wheel and axle have returned to the same
temperature after the fitting.
4.2.2 Fatigue characteristics
4.2.2.1 General
7
This subclause defines the fatigue limit values for rotational bending for 10 cycles. These values are used to
calculate the maximum permissible axle seat stresses that are necessary for the application of EN 13103-1.
These values are valid for "conventional" axle designs, wheels and the assembly process and do not need to
be verified for product qualification.
NOTE 1 A design is considered "conventional" when the parameters defining the assembled parts fulfil the
requirements of European Product and Design Standards for internal and external journals (e.g. roughness, geometry,
interference adjustment, overflow, diameter ratios, steel grades, etc.).
For other types of design or assembly process (e.g. cooling a wheelset, specific diameter ratio, new materials,
specific surface coating of the wheel seat, etc.), the following characteristics must be verified and tested at
least once in the event of a new or modified set of parameters affecting the assembly.
These fatigue characteristics are not the same for a solid axle and a hollow axle. This is the result of the axle
bore effect on stress distribution.
For a solid axis, only one fatigue limit (F ) must be determined under the fitting surfaces.
3
For a hollow axle, given that the fitting effect is greater on journals than on other fitting surfaces due to the
difference in metal thickness, two fatigue limits must be considered:
— under the wheel seat, excluding journals, limit F
4,
— under journal wheel seat, limit F
5.
If necessary, the fatigue limit F or F must be verified by testing during qualification (see Annex D). The
3 4
fatigue limit F can be calculated using the ratios F /F = 1.17 and F /F = 1.28.
5 4 5 3 5
NOTE 2 Fatigue characteristics F1 and F2 of the axle are defined in EN 13261.
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4.2.2.2 Fatigue limits
The minimum fatigue limits for wheelset axles are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Minimum fatigue limits for wheelset axles in MPa
Steel grade F F F
3 4 5
EA1N/EA1T 120 110 94
EA4T 145 132 113

4.2.2.3 Fatigue test pieces
For fatigue testing of wheelsets, a wheel or test wheel with similar dimensions (especially the hub) must be
press-fitted or shrink-fitted on the wheel seat. The interference must fulfil the requirements of 4.1.2.
The area of the test piece where the crack should initiate must have geometry, environment and surface
characteristics representative of the axle.
Examples of test pieces are given in Annex B.
4.2.2.4 Test method
Tests must be carried out on machines that can create rotating bending stresses in the area where cracks
initiate.
7
For each limit F and F , it must be verified on three test pieces that no cracks spread after 10 cycles of a
3 4
load creating a surface stress equal to F or F . Indications with a depth of less than 0.5 mm should not be
3 4
considered as crack propagations.
These stress levels must be calculated on the wheel seat according to the beam theory, without taking into
account the interference stresses.
4.2.3 Electrical resistance
The electrical resistance of each wheelset, measured between the treads of the two wheels must not exceed
0.01 Ω.
The device and method used for this measurement must be defined in the technical specification.
4.2.4 Dynamic imbalance
4.2.4.1 Maximum permissible values
For the wheelset of a vehicle that can travel at speeds greater than 120 km/h, the maximum dynamic
imbalance values are shown in Table 2. They are measured in the wheel plane.
For category 1 wheelsets, the dynamic imbalance must be measured individually.
For category 2 wheelsets (speed greater than 120 km/h), the dynamic imbalance must be measured
individually, unless otherwise specified in the technical specification.
Table 2 — Maximum dynamic imbalance values
Imbalance
Speed
km/h gm
120 < S ≤ 200 75
S > 200 50
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For a powered wheelset, balancing is achieved after the proper placement and balancing of each component
(wheels, brake discs and other components such as couplings and gears). Therefore, dynamic imbalance
measurement is not necessary.
4.2.4.2 Test piece
The imbalance is measured on a fully assembled and machined wheelset.
4.2.4.3 Test method
The device and method used for this measurement must be defined in the technical specification.
4.2.5 Dimensions and tolerances
4.2.5.1 General
The dimensions of the wheelset must correspond to the design drawings, and the dimensional and
geometrical tolerances to be applied when assembling the different parts of the wheelset are given in the
following subclauses.
They depend on the category of the wheelset.
The values are given for measurements made without any load on the wheelset.
4.2.5.2 Wheels
Unless otherwise specified in the technical specification, the parameter tolerances defined in Figure 1 must
be those given in Table 3.

Figure 1 — Parameters for wheelsets
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Table 3 — Parameter tolerances for wheels
Dimensions in millimetres
Description Symbol Category 2 Category 1
  2a 2b
Distance between the internal wheel a + 2 b + 2 b
1
faces a
0 0
Difference in distances between the c - c ≤ 1 ≤ 1
1
internal face of each wheel and the
or
plane on the journal side defining
c – c
the corresponding collar bearing 1
surface
Difference in tread circle diameter d - d ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.3 ≤ 0.3
1
or
d – d
1
Radial run-out in tread circle h ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.3 ≤ 0.3
Axial run-out of the internal wheel g ≤ 0.8 ≤ 0.5 ≤ 0.3
face a
a
Measures taken 60 mm beneath the top of the flange.
b
Tolerances may vary depending on the specific design of the wheelset.
4.2.5.3 Brake Discs
4.2.5.3.1 General
The parameter tolerances defined in Figures 2 and 3 must be those given in Tables 4, 5
...