oSIST-TP IEC 61000-3-14 TR Ed.1.0:2013

IEC/TR 61000-3-14
®

Edition 1.0 2011-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT


BASIC EMC PUBLICATION


Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 3-14: Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, interharmonics, voltage
fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV
power systems

IEC/TR 61000-3-14:2011(E)

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IEC/TR 61000-3-14
®

Edition 1.0 2011-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT

BASIC EMC PUBLICATION


Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 3-14: Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, interharmonics, voltage
fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV
power systems


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XD
ICS 33.100.10 ISBN 978-2-88912-742-9

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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– 2 – TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Basic EMC concepts . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Compatibility levels . 18
4.2.1 General . 18
4.2.2 Harmonics . 18
4.2.3 Interharmonics. 19
4.2.4 Voltage fluctuations . 20
4.2.5 Unbalance . 20
4.3 Planning levels . 20
4.3.1 Indicative values of planning levels. 20
4.3.2 Assessment procedure for evaluation against planning levels . 21
4.4 Illustration of EMC concepts . 22
4.5 Emission levels . 23
5 General principles . 24
5.1 General . 24
5.2 Stage 1: simplified evaluation of disturbance emission . 24
5.3 Stage 2: emission limits relative to actual system characteristics. 25
5.4 Stage 3: acceptance of higher emission levels on a conditional basis . 25
5.5 Responsibilities . 26
6 General guidelines for the assessment of emission levels . 26
6.1 Point of evaluation. 26
6.2 Concept of emission level . 26
6.3 Operating conditions . 27
6.4 System impedance characteristics . 28
7 General summation law . 28
7.1 General . 28
7.2 For harmonics . 29
7.3 For flicker and rapid voltage changes . 29
7.4 For voltage unbalance . 29
8 Harmonic emission limits for distorting installations in LV systems . 30
8.1 Stage 1: simplified evaluation of disturbance emission . 30
8.2 Stage 2: emission limits relative to actual system characteristics. 31
8.2.1 General . 31
8.2.2 Global emission to be shared between the customers . 31
8.2.3 Individual emission limits . 32
8.2.4 Alternative methods for stage 2 . 34
8.3 Stage 3: acceptance of higher emission levels on a conditional basis . 34
8.4 Emission limits for interharmonics . 34
9 Voltage fluctuation emission limits for installations in LV systems . 35
9.1 Stage 1: simplified evaluation of disturbance emission . 35

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TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E) – 3 –
9.2 Stage 2: emission limits relative to actual system characteristics. 36
9.2.1 General . 36
9.2.2 Global emission to be shared between the customers' installations . 36
9.2.3 Individual emission limits . 37
9.3 Stage 3: acceptance of higher emission levels on a conditional basis . 38
9.4 Rapid voltage changes . 38
9.4.1 General considerations . 38
9.4.2 Emission limits . 39
10 Unbalance emission limits for unbalanced installations in LV systems . 39
10.1 General . 39
10.2 Stage 1: simplified evaluation of disturbance emission . 39
10.3 Stage 2: emission limits relative to actual system characteristics. 40
10.3.1 General . 40
10.3.2 Global emission to be shared between the sources of unbalance . 40
10.3.3 Individual emission limits . 41
10.4 Stage 3: acceptance of higher emission levels on a conditional basis . 43
11 Summary diagrams of the evaluation procedure . 43
Annex A (informative) Example of application of the general method for the derivation
of limits for a specific type of LV networks . 47
Annex B (informative) Example of application of the general method for the calculation
of emission limits for a specific installation . 59
Annex C (informative) Harmonic emission limits at stage 2 . 64
Annex D (informative) Calculation of the reduction factors for harmonics and
unbalance . 77
Annex E (informative) Example of method to allocate harmonic emission limits at
stage 3 . 88
Annex F (informative) Example of application of the approach presented in Annex E . 93
Annex G (informative) List of principal letter symbols, subscripts and symbols . 98
Bibliography . 102

Figure 1 – Illustration of basic voltage quality concepts with time/location statistics
covering the whole system . 22
Figure 2 – Illustration of basic voltage quality concepts with time statistics relevant to
one site within the whole system . 23
Figure 3 – Illustration of the emission vector U and its contribution to the measured
di
disturbance vector U at the point of evaluation . 27
d
Figure 4 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system for harmonics . 32
Figure 5 – Equivalent circuit and vector diagram for simple assessments . 38
Figure 6 – Example of rapid voltage change associated with motor starting . 38
Figure 7 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system for unbalance . 41
Figure 8 – Diagram of evaluation procedure for harmonics . 44
Figure 9 – Diagram of evaluation procedure for voltage fluctuations . 45
Figure 10 – Diagram of evaluation procedure for unbalance . 46
Figure A.1 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system for the calculation of harmonic
voltage levels . 51
Figure C.1 – Scheme of an LV public system . 65
Figure C.2 – Scheme of an LV public system in order to work out the global emission
to be shared between the customers . 66

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– 4 – TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E)
Figure C.3 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system in order to work out the
condition at the LV busbar . 68
Figure C.4 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system in order to work out the
condition for the LV feeder to which a large installation is connected . 71
Figure D.1 – General scheme of an LV public system . 78
Figure D.2 – Simplification of the general scheme of an LV public system for the
calculation of harmonic voltage levels at node Ni – 1st step . 79
Figure D.3 – Simplification of the general scheme of an LV public system for the
calculation of harmonic voltage levels at node Ni – 2nd step . 79
Figure D.4 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system for the calculation of harmonic
voltage levels at the far end of LV feeders . 81
Figure D.5 – Simplified scheme of an LV public system for the calculation of voltage
unbalance levels at the far end of LV feeders . 85
Figure E.1 – LV system under study . 88
Figure E.2 – Large installation components . 90
Figure F.1 – System under study . 93
Figure F.2 – Data for large installations . 95

Table 1 – Compatibility levels for individual harmonic voltages in LV networks (percent
of fundamental component) reproduced from IEC 61000-2-2 . 19
Table 2 – Compatibility levels for flicker in LV networks reproduced from
IEC 61000-2-2 . 20
Table 3 – Summation exponent for harmonics (indicative values) . 29
Table 4 – Stage 1 limits for the relative power variations as a function of the number
of voltage changes per minute . 36
Table 5 – Minimum emission limits at LV . 37
Table A.1– Example of maximum acceptable global contribution to harmonic voltages . 48
Table A.2 – Influence of the total supply capacity of the LV system on ratio UhB/UhFj
(example) . 54
Table A.3 – Influence of the number of LV feeders on ratio UhB/UhFj (example). 54
Table A.4 – Influence of the length of LV feeders on ratio UhB/UhFj (example) . 54
Table A.5 – Influence of the impedance of LV feeders on ratio UhB/UhFj (example) . 55
Table A.6 – Influence of the (odd non-triplen) harmonic order on ratio UhB/UhFj
(example) . 55
Table A.7 – Influence of the summation law exponent on ratio UhB/UhFj (example) . 55
Table A.8 – ratio UhB/UhFj for an LV feeder length of 100 m (example) . 56
Table A.9 – ratio UhB/UhFj for an LV feeder length of 300 m (example) . 56
Table A.10 – ratio UhB/UhFj for an LV feeder length of 500 m (example) . 56
Table A.11 – ratio UhB/UhFj for an LV feeder length of 1000 m (example) . 57
Table A.12 – Reduction factor KhB as a function of the harmonic order (example) . 58
Table B.1 – Example of conservative harmonic current emission limits for stage 1
assessment . 60
Table B.2 – values of global parameters for harmonics . 60
Table B.3 – Emission limits for harmonics (with a single value of KhB) . 61
Table B.4 – emission limits for harmonics (KhB value depending on real network
characteristics) . 62
Table B.5 – Emission limit for voltage unbalance (with a single value of KuB) . 63

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TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E) – 5 –
Table D.1 – Summation law exponent values used for small installations . 83
Table D.2 – values of the reduction factors in the case of a particular rural overhead
LV system . 84
Table D.3 – values of the reduction factors in the case of a particular urban
underground LV system . 84
Table D.4 – Example of typical values of the reduction factors KhB for harmonics . 84
Table F.1 – Main system data . 93
Table F.2 – Known large installation data . 94
Table F.3 – Harmonic voltages due to large installations (all values are in pu, h has
the value 5 and Ah is provisionally taken as 1) . 97

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– 6 – TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –

Part 3-14: Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, interharmonics,
voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing
installations to LV power systems


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected
data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC 61000-3-14, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee 77A: Low
frequency phenomena, of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
It forms part 3-14 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance
with IEC Guide 107.
The first edition of this technical report has been harmonised with IEC/TR 61000-3-6,
IEC/TR 61000-3-7 and IEC/TR 61000-3-13.

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TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E) – 7 –
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
77A/741/DTR 77A/748/RVC

Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

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– 8 – TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E)
INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits
(in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of product committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts published either as International Standards
or as technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published
as sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second
number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-6-1).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In 2002, the IEC subcommittee 77A made a request to Cigre study committee C4 and Cired
study committee S2, to organize an appropriate technical forum (joint working group) whose
main scope was to prepare, among other tasks, a technical report concerning emission limits
for the connection of disturbing installations to LV public supply systems.
To this effect, joint working group CIGRE C4.103/ CIRED entitled ‘’Emission Limits for
Disturbing Installations’’ was appointed in 2003. The working group held 11 formal meetings
dedicated to the revision of IEC/TR 61000-3-6 and IEC/TR 61000-3-7, and the preparation of
two other technical reports on emission limits for voltage unbalance (IEC/TR 61000-3-13) and
emission limits for disturbing installations connected at LV (this report).
Subsequent endorsement of the report by IEC was the responsibility of SC 77A.

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TR 61000-3-14  IEC:2011(E) – 9 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –

Part 3-14: Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, interharmonics,
voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing
installations to LV power systems



1 Scope
This part of IEC 61000, which is informative in its nature, provides guidance on principles that
can be used as the basis for determining the requirements for the connection of disturbing
installations to low voltage (LV) public power systems. For the purposes of this part of
IEC 61000, a disturbing installation means an installation (which may be a load or a
generator) that produces disturbances: harmonics and/or interharmonics, voltage flicker
and/or rapid voltage changes, and/or voltage unbalance. The primary objective is to provide
guidance to system operators or owners for engineering practices, which will facilitate the
provision of adequate service quality for all connected customer installations. In addressing
installations, this report is not intended to replace equipment standards for emission limits.
NOTE 1 In this report, low voltage (LV) refers to U ≤1 kV.
n
This report addresses the allocation of the capacity of the system to absorb disturbances. It
does not address how to mitigate disturbances, nor does it address how the capacity of the
system can be increased.
This technical report only applies to installations connected to LV public power systems that
supply or may supply other LV loads or installations. It is intended to apply to large
installations exceeding a minimum size. This minimum size (S ) is to be specified by the
min
system operator or owner depending on the system characteristics.
NOTE 2 Due to this minimum size, this report generally does not apply to residential customer's installations.
This technical report is not intended to set emission limits for individual pieces of equipment
connected to LV systems. The emission limits for LV equipment are specified in the applicable
IEC product family standards. The limits specified in these standards have been determined
based on assumptions of the number, type and usage of equipment producing disturbances in
an installation connected to a supply system and based on the reference impedance given in
IEC 60725 considered to be representative of the source impedance for small residential
installations. T
...