SIST EN 12312-7:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 12312-7:2005
01-november-2005
Podporna oprema na tleh za letalski promet – Posebne zahteve – 7. del: Oprema za
premikanje letal
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 7: Air-craft movement
equipment
Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 7: Luftfahrzeug-Schleppgerät
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulieres - Partie 7 : Matériels de
déplacement des aéronefs
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12312-7:2005
ICS:
49.100 Oprema za servis in Ground service and
vzdrževanje na tleh maintenance equipment
SIST EN 12312-7:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 12312-7
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2005
ICS 49.100
English version
Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part
7: Air-craft movement equipment
Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières - Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 7:
Partie 7 : Matériels de déplacement des aéronefs Luftfahrzeug-Schleppgerät
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 June 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12312-7:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.6
3 Terms and definitions.6
4 List of hazards.7
5 Safety requirements and/or measures.7

5.1 General requirements.7
5.2 Steering devices.8
5.3 Brakes.8
5.4 Operating speeds.8
5.5 Lights and reflectors.9
5.6 Aircraft related requirements.9
5.7 Ramp integrated systems.10
5.8 Fire protection.10
5.9 Attachment devices.10
6 Information for use .11
6.1 Marking.11
6.2 Additional marking.11
6.3 Instructions.11
7 Verification of requirements.12
Annex A (normative) Minimum space envelope for seated operator enclosure .13
Annex B (normative) List of hazards in addition to those of EN 1915-1 .14
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC .16
Bibliography.17


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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
Foreword
This European Standard (EN 12312-7:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 "Aircraft
ground support equipment" the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by January 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by January 2006.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European Standard.
The Parts of EN 12312 — Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements — are:
Part 1: Passenger stairs
Part 2: Catering vehicles
Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles
Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges
Part 5: Air-craft fuelling equipment
Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment
Part 7: Aircraft movement equipment
Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms
Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders
Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters
Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers
Part 12: Potable water service equipment
Part 13: Lavatory service equipment
Part 14: Disabled/Incapacitated passenger boarding equipment
Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors
Part 16: Air start equipment
Part 17: Air conditioning equipment
Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units
Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions
Part 20: Ground power equipment
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun-
tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Esto-
nia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
Introduction
This European Standard specifies health and safety requirements, as well as some functional and performance
requirements for aircraft movement equipment intended for use on all aircraft types commonly in service in civil air
transport.
The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, serviceable, economi-
cal and practical aircraft movement equipment. Deviations from the recommended criteria should occur only after
careful consideration, extensive testing, risk assessment and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative
methods or conditions to be satisfactory.
This European Standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
NOTE Designers of towbarless tractors should take into accounts the requirements of SAE published documents (see
Bibliography).
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard differ from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions
of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been
designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can
arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of aircraft movement equipment when carried out in
accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into
account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support
equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies.
This European Standard applies to:
 aircraft tractors with driver accommodation;
 pedestrian controlled aircraft movement equipment;
 moveable parts of ramp integrated systems;
 attachment bars,
used for all operations, utilizing aircraft movement equipment, e.g.:
 push back;
 maintenance towing;
 dispatch towing (operational towing).
This European Standard does not apply to:
 ground power installations on aircraft tractors;
 fixed ramp installations of ramp integrated systems (fixed track);
 special towing equipment (e.g. for recovery).
This European Standard does not establish requirements for noise and vibration.
Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in EN 1915-4 and EN 1915-3.
This European Standard does not deal with hazards in respect to a standard automotive chassis and from other
vehicles on the apron.
This Part of EN 12312 is not applicable to aircraft movement equipment which is manufactured before the date of
publication of this European Standard by CEN.
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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
EN 1005-2, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and
component parts of machinery.
EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment.
EN 1175-1, Safety of industrial trucks — Electrical requirements — Part 1: General requirements for battery pow-
ered trucks.
EN 1837, Safety of machinery — Integral lighting of machines.
EN 1915-1:2001, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 1: Basic safety requirements.
EN 1915-2, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 2: Stability and strength
requirements, calculations and test methods.
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic termi-
nology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003).
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1915-1:2001,
EN ISO 12100:2003 and the following apply.
3.1
aircraft tractor
mobile machinery specially developed and designed for aircraft movement operations
3.2
towbar tractor
aircraft tractor which needs a supplementary apparatus for aircraft movement operations
3.3
towbarless tractor
aircraft tractor which can carry out aircraft movement operations without the aid of any supplementary apparatus
3.4
nose landing gear operation
operation where a tractor or movement device is connected to the nose landing gear of the aircraft in order to move
the aircraft. Aircraft and tractor are forming a manoeuvrable unit
3.5
main landing gear operation
operation where a tractor is connected to the main landing gear of the aircraft in order to move the aircraft. Steering
of the aircraft is performed by the nose landing gear
3.6
ramp integrated system
system for aircraft movement which has a remotely controlled carriage to which the nose landing gear of the aircraft
is locked during the movement and which rides on fixed tracks embedded in the ramp pavement
3.7
attachment device
apparatus for aircraft movement operations by hand or tractor, e.g. towbar, steering bar
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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
3.8
towbar
device coupled between towbar tractor and towing lug of the nose landing gear
3.9
steering bar
device coupled to the nose landing gear used for steering the aircraft externally during movement
3.10
push back
moving of an aircraft from the parking position at the terminal, e.g. to the taxiway. A push back basically consists of
a rear movement of the aircraft after which a short forward movement can be performed, e.g. for alignment
3.11
maintenance towing
moving of an aircraft for maintenance purposes, e.g. between the terminal and a maintenance hangar.
Maintenance towing is characterized by:
 unladen aircraft with or without fuel;
 engines of the aircraft are out of operation
3.12
dispatch towing (operational towing)
moving of a loaded revenue aircraft between the terminal and a remote location. Dispatch towing is characterized
by:
 loaded revenue aircraft;
 engines of the aircraft are not operating during the main part of the towing
4 List of hazards
The list of risks and hazards (see Annex B) is based on EN 1050 and contains the hazards and hazardous
situations, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for
aircraft movement equipment and which require action to eliminate or reduce risks.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Aircraft movement equipment shall conform to the relevant requirements of EN 1915-1, unless otherwise
specified in this European Standard. It shall also conform to the specific requirements of this European Standard.
5.1.2 Stability and strength calculations shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1915-2.
5.1.3 Where a driver’s cabin is provided, it shall meet the requirements of Annex A.
5.1.4 Tractors with driver’s cabin shall have an alternative means of exit for the driver in the event of an
emergency. It shall be positioned as far as possible away from the normal exit.
5.1.5 Restraint systems shall be fitted to all seats on tractors with driver accommodation, a lap type seatbelt as a
minimum.
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EN 12312-7:2005 (E)
5.1.6 A tractor shall be capable of being equipped with a communication system, where there is a need for
communication from the operator’s position to the cockpit or between operating positions (see Clause 0 of
EN 1915-1:2001 — negotiation).
5.1.7 The body of aircraft tractors shall be designed to facilitate easy access for the removal of wheels and tyres
by using suitable lifting equipment.
5.1.8 Where an aircraft tractor is provided with a tow-hitch lift, this shall be secured against unintended move-
ments, e.g. by a positive mechanical locking pin.
5.1.9 Structural parts of pedestrian controlled aircraft movement equipment shall not obstruct the operating
range of the tiller.
5.1.10 The electrical system of battery powered aircraft movement equipment shall conform to EN 1175-1 with the
exception of standard automotive chassis.
5.1.11 Safety related parts of control systems shall be designed in accordance with EN 1915-1:2001, 5.25.1.
5.2 Steering devices
5.2.1 Tractors designed with more than one steering mode shall be equipped with an interlock to prevent mode
change unless all wheels are in the straight ahead position and unless travelling speed is 5 km/h or less. The steer-
ing mode chosen shall be clearly indicated to the operator in the driving position.
5.2.2 Hydraulic steering systems shall be capable of ensuring that the steering supply is given priority over any
other hydraulic equipment supplied by the same power source.
5.2.3 Where electronic steering controls are used, it shall be ensured that the operator is provided with an indica-
tion of any failure which adversely affects the performance of the steering system.
5.3 Brakes
5.3.1 The service brake of aircraft tractors shall be capable of stopping the tractor when travelling at its maximum
operational speed with a minimum braking ratio of 35 %.
5.3.2 The service brake shall stop the tractor and aircraft combination on a level, horizontal, clean and dry con-
2
crete floor travelling at its maximum operational towing speed with a minimum deceleration of 0,5 m/s .
5.3.3 The brake force distribution shall be such that the tractor and aircraft combination decelerates in a stable
condition whilst travelling in a straight line.
5.3.4 Aircraft tractors shall be provided with a secondary
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