Water application intensity - Calculation principles and measurement methods

This standard provides:
- principles and formulas for calculating water application intensity under sprinkler irrigation systems (fixed and moving);
- test methods and guidelines for measuring water application intensity under the different systems in laboratory and in field conditions.
It applies to stationary sprinkling systems: solid set sprinkler systems, automatic turf irrigation systems, sprinklers and sprayer for microirrigation systems, and to moving sprinkling systems: reel machine systems, centre pivot and moving laterals systems.

Bewässerungsverfahren - Bewässerungsintensität - Berechnungsgrundlagen und Messverfahren

In dieser Norm ist Folgendes festgelegt:
- Grundlagen und Formeln zur Berechnung der von (ortsfesten und beweglichen) Regner-Bewässerungs-systemen erreichten Bewässerungsintensität;
- Prüfverfahren und Richtlinien für die Messung der von verschiedenen Systemen unter Labor- und Feldbedingungen erreichten Bewässerungsintensität.
Sie gilt für ortsfeste Regnersysteme, d. h. fest installierte Regnersysteme, automatische Rasenbewässerungs-systeme, Regner und Sprüher für örtlich begrenzte Bewässerungssysteme, und für bewegliche Regnersysteme, d. h. Beregnungsmaschinen mit Regnereinzug, Kreis- und Linearberegnungs-maschinen.

Techniques d'irrigation - Intensité d'apport d'eau - Principes de calcul et méthodes de mesure

La présente norme fournit :
- les principes et les formules pour calculer l'intensité d'apport d'eau sous les systèmes d'irrigation par aspersion (systèmes fixes et mobiles) - les méthodes d'essai et lignes directrices pour mesurer l'intensité d'apport d'eau sous différents systèmes, dans les conditions de laboratoire et sur le terrain.
Elle s'applique aux systèmes d'aspersion fixes : systèmes d'aspersion en couverture intégrale, installations avec arrosage automatique des espaces verts, asperseurs et arroseurs pour systèmes d'irrigation localisée, ainsi qu'aux systèmes d'aspersion mobiles : installations avec enrouleur, systèmes avec pivot et rampes frontales.

Količina porabe vode – Računske osnove in merilne metode

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2004
ICS
65.060.35 - Irrigation and drainage equipment
Technical Committee
IMKG - Machinery for agriculture and forestry
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
01-Jun-2004
Due Date
01-Jun-2004
Completion Date
01-Jun-2004
Ref Project
EN 14049:2003 - Water application intensity - Calculation principles and measurement methods

Relations

Amended By
SIST EN 14049:2004/A1:2006 - Irrigation techniques - Water application intensity - Calculation principles and measurement methods
Effective Date
22-Dec-2008

Overview

EN 14049:2003 - Water application intensity: Calculation principles and measurement methods (CEN) defines principles, formulas and test procedures for quantifying how much water sprinkler irrigation systems deliver to a surface. The standard covers both stationary (solid set, turf, micro‑irrigation sprinklers) and moving systems (reel machines, centre pivot, moving laterals and end‑guns), and gives guidance for laboratory and field measurements used in design, testing and operational evaluation.

Key topics and technical requirements

  • Definitions and units: clears terms such as depth of water application (D), instantaneous water application intensity (I) and average water application intensity (Ia), most commonly expressed in mm or mm·h‑1.
  • Calculation principles: formulas relate delivered volume, irrigated surface and time to compute D and WAI. The standard provides specific expressions for:
    • solid‑set stationary sprinklers (using single‑sprinkler flow and lateral spacings),
    • moving translatory systems (reel machines, moving laterals),
    • rotating systems and centre pivots (WAI as a function of radius from the pivot),
    • part‑circle or sector guns (WAI over a sectored area).
  • Instantaneous vs average WAI: distinguishes short‑period (instantaneous) intensity from average WAI computed over meaningful time scales (e.g., rotation period, machine travel time).
  • Measurement methods: guidance for laboratory and field sampling, collector use and data interpretation. Collectors should conform to EN ISO 11545; the standard recommends collector opening diameters > 0.15 m for many tests.
  • Operational checks: highlights need to verify actual machine speed (directly or via full‑plot coverage) because real speed affects irrigation duration at a point and measured WAI.

Practical applications and users

EN 14049:2003 is used by:

  • Irrigation designers and consultants - to size systems and set design irrigation intensities.
  • Equipment manufacturers - to specify nozzle/wetted radius and to declare system performance.
  • Testing and certification laboratories - for repeatable laboratory and field measurement methods.
  • Farmers and irrigation managers - to verify field application rates, adjust travel speed or flow settings and improve water use efficiency.
  • Researchers and water resource planners - for comparing system performance and modeling irrigation schedules.

Practical uses include designing uniform application patterns, calculating required flow rates, troubleshooting over‑ or under‑application, and documenting compliance or performance claims.

Related standards

Normative references incorporated or cited include:

  • EN 12324 series (reel machines),
  • EN 12325‑3 (centre pivots and moving laterals terminology),
  • EN ISO 11545 (uniformity of water distribution),
  • ISO 7749‑1/2 (rotating sprinklers design and tests),
  • ISO 8026 (sprayers - general requirements and tests).

Keywords: EN 14049:2003, water application intensity, WAI, sprinkler irrigation, calculation methods, measurement methods, centre pivot, reel machine, solid set, wetted radius.

Frequently Asked Questions

SIST EN 14049:2004 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Water application intensity - Calculation principles and measurement methods". This standard covers: This standard provides: - principles and formulas for calculating water application intensity under sprinkler irrigation systems (fixed and moving); - test methods and guidelines for measuring water application intensity under the different systems in laboratory and in field conditions. It applies to stationary sprinkling systems: solid set sprinkler systems, automatic turf irrigation systems, sprinklers and sprayer for microirrigation systems, and to moving sprinkling systems: reel machine systems, centre pivot and moving laterals systems.

This standard provides: - principles and formulas for calculating water application intensity under sprinkler irrigation systems (fixed and moving); - test methods and guidelines for measuring water application intensity under the different systems in laboratory and in field conditions. It applies to stationary sprinkling systems: solid set sprinkler systems, automatic turf irrigation systems, sprinklers and sprayer for microirrigation systems, and to moving sprinkling systems: reel machine systems, centre pivot and moving laterals systems.

SIST EN 14049:2004 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 65.060.35 - Irrigation and drainage equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

SIST EN 14049:2004 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN 14049:2004/A1:2006. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

SIST EN 14049:2004 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bewässerungsverfahren - Bewässerungsintensität - Berechnungsgrundlagen und MessverfahrenTechniques d'irrigation - Intensité d'apport d'eau - Principes de calcul et méthodes de mesureWater application intensity - Calculation principles and measurement methods65.060.35Namakalna in drenažna opremaIrrigation and drainage equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14049:2003SIST EN 14049:2004en01-junij-2004SIST EN 14049:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14049November 2003ICS 65.060.35English versionWater application intensity - Calculation principles andmeasurement methodsTechniques d'irrigation - Intensité d'apport d'eau - Principesde calcul et méthodes de mesureBewässerungsverfahren - Bewässerungsintensität -Berechnungsgrundlagen und MessverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 September 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14049:2003 ESIST EN 14049:2004

(i.e. radius of throw) of the sprinkler.Key1Movement2CollectorFigure 1 — Width wetted (2xWr) by a moving full circle sprinkler (i.e. wetted diameter)Equation (4) for calculating average water application intensity remains relevant.The time duration t will depend on the actual value of machine's speed. It can be very different from its theoreticalvalue. Consequently it has to be verified when measurement or calculation are performed. This verification can beeither direct (see clause 5) or indirect by calculation of the average speed from a complete plot coverage by themachine. Then the calculation of irrigation duration can be performed following equation 7.VWrt2=(7)wherettime duration of the irrigation at a collector under the machine(h);Wrwetted radius of the sprinkler (m);Vactual average speed of the moving sprinkler (m/h).4.2.5.2 Average WAI for translatory moving systemsUsing equation (2) T can be derived from measurement or calculation from the actual moving speed V of themachine (T = LT/V), and S from the length LT and width L of the plot (S = L x LT).
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