SIST EN ISO 13857:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 13857:2008
Varnost strojev - Varnostne razdalje, ki preprečujejo doseg nevarnih območij z
zgornjimi in spodnjimi udi (ISO 13857:2019)
Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen das Erreichen von
Gefährdungsbereichen mit den oberen und unteren Gliedmaßen (ISO 13857:2019)
Sécurité des machines - Distances de sécurité empêchant les membres supérieurs et
inférieurs d'atteindre les zones dangereuses (ISO 13857:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13857:2019
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 13857
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN ISO 13857:2008
English Version
Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard
zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO
13857:2019)
Sécurité des machines - Distances de sécurité Sicherheit von Maschinen - Sicherheitsabstände gegen
empêchant les membres supérieurs et inférieurs das Erreichen von Gefährdungsbereichen mit den
d'atteindre les zones dangereuses (ISO 13857:2019) oberen und unteren Gliedmaßen (ISO 13857:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 October 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13857:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 4

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 13857:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199 "Safety of
machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 13857:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13857:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13857:2019 without any modification.

Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered
This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission’s standardization request M/549
COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION C(2016) 5884 final of 21.9.2016 to provide one voluntary
means of conforming to essential requirements of New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive
95/16/EC (recast).
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of
the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements
of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2006/42/EC
Essential Requirements of Clause(s)/subclause(s) of this Remarks/Notes
Directive 2006/42/EC EN
1.1.2. Principles of safety Clause 1 Safety distance for reaching
integration over/under and through
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.2.1 Reaching over protective
protective devices structures
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.2.2.
protective devices Values
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.3
Reaching around
protective devices
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.4
protective devices Reaching through openings
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.4.1 Reaching through regular
protective devices openings — Persons of 14 years
of age and above
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.4.2 Reaching through regular
protective devices openings — persons of 3 years
of age and above
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.4.3
protective devices Openings of irregular shape
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.2.5 Effect of additional protective
protective devices structures on safety distances
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.3 Safety distances to prevent
protective devices access by lower limbs
1.4.3. Special requirements for 4.4 Consideration of whole body
protective devices access
WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European
Union.
WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13857
Second edition
2019-10
Safety of machinery — Safety distances
to prevent hazard zones being reached
by upper and lower limbs
Sécurité des machines — Distances de sécurité empêchant les
membres supérieurs et inférieurs d'atteindre les zones dangereuses
Reference number
ISO 13857:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 13857:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 13857:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety distances to prevent reach or access by upper and lower limbs .2
4.1 General . 2
4.1.1 Assumptions . 2
4.1.2 Risk assessment . . 2
4.2 Safety distances to prevent access by upper limbs . 3
4.2.1 Reaching upwards . 3
4.2.2 Reaching over protective structures . 4
4.2.3 Reaching around . 6
4.2.4 Reaching through openings . 8
4.2.5 Effect of additional protective structures on safety distances .10
4.3 Safety distances to prevent access by lower limbs .11
4.4 Consideration of whole body access .13
Annex A (informative) Use of Tables 1 and 2 with intermediate values .14
Annex B (informative) Distances to impede free access by lower limbs .18
Bibliography .20
ISO 13857:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 13857:2008) which has been technically
revised. The main change compared to the previous edition is that the document has been made more
readable and more in line with ISO 12100:2010.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 13857:2019(E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
a) type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general
aspects that can be applied to all machinery;
b) type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one safety aspect or one or more type(s)
of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
— type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise);
— type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure
sensitive devices, guards).
c) type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a
particular machine or group of machines.
This document is a type-B1 standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance etc.);
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards.
The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.
For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and
built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take
precedence.
One method of eliminating or reducing risks caused by machinery is to make use of safety distances
preventing hazard zones from being reached by the upper and lower limbs.
In specifying safety distances, a number of aspects need to be taken into consideration, such as:
— reach situations occurring when machinery is being used;
— reliable surveys of anthropometric data, taking into account population groups likely to be found in
the countries concerned;
— biomechanical factors, such as compression and stretching of parts of the body and limits of joint
rotation;
— technical and practical aspects; and
ISO 13857:2019(E)
— additional measures for particular groups of persons (e.g. persons with special needs), which can be
required due to a deviation from the specified body dimensions.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13857:2019(E)
Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard
zones being reached by upper and lower limbs
1 Scope
This document establishes values for safety distances in both industrial and non-industrial
environments to prevent machinery hazard zones being reached. The safety distances are appropriate
for protective structures. It also gives information about distances to impede free access by the lower
limbs (see Annex B).
This document covers people of 14 years and older (the 5th percentile stature of 14-year-olds is
approximately 1 400 mm). In addition, for upper limbs only, it provides information for children older
than 3 years (5th percentile stature of 3-year-olds is approximately 900 mm) where reaching through
openings needs to be addressed.
NOTE 1 It is not practical to specify safety distances for all persons. Therefore, the values presented are
intended to cover the 95th percentile of the population.
Data for preventing lower limb access for children is not considered.
The distances apply when sufficient risk reduction can be achieved by distance alone. Because safety
distances depend on size, some people of extreme dimensions will still be able to reach hazard zones
even when the requirements of this document are met.
Compliance with the requirements in this document will prevent access to the hazard zone. Nevertheless
the user of this document is advised that it does not provide the required risk reduction for every
hazard (e.g. hazards related to machine emissions such as ionizing radiation, heat sources, noise, dust).
The clauses covering lower limbs apply on their own only when access by the upper limbs to the same
hazard zone is not foreseeable according to the risk assessment.
The safety distances are intended to protect those persons trying to reach hazard zones under the
conditions specified (see 4.1.1).
NOTE 2 This document is not intended to provide measures against reaching a hazard zone by climbing over
(see ISO 14120:2015, 5.18).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
ISO 13857:2019(E)
3.1
protective structure
safeguard (e.g. a guard, an impeding device) or other physical obstruction (e.g. a part of a machine)
which restricts the movement of the body and/or a part of it in order to prevent reaching hazard zones
3.2
reference plane
level at which persons would normally stand during the use of the machine or access to the hazard zone
Note 1 to entry: The reference plane is not necessarily the ground or the floor (for example a working platform
can be the reference plane).
3.3
safety distance
safe separation distance
s
r
minimum distance a protective structure is required to be placed from a hazard zone
4 Safety distances to prevent reach or access by upper and lower limbs
4.1 General
4.1.1 Assumptions
The safety distances in this document have been derived by making the following assumptions:
— the protective structures and any openings in them retain their shape and position;
— safety distances are measured from the surface restricting the body or the relevant part of the body;
— the body is forced over protective structures or through openings in an attempt to reach the
hazard zone;
— there is some contact with the reference plane while wearing shoes (use of h
...