oSIST prEN 12697-22:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2013
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Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 22: Wheel tracking
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 22: Spurbildungstest
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné à chaud - Partie
22 : Essai d’orniérage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12697-22
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2013
ICS 93.080.20 Will supersede EN 12697-22:2003+A1:2007
English Version
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part
22: Wheel tracking
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 22:
hydrocarboné à chaud - Partie 22 : Essai d'orniérage Spurbildungstest
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 227.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12697-22:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents
Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .8
5 Principle .9
6 Apparatus .9
6.1 Large size devices .9
6.1.1 Device simulating a rolling load which shall include .9
6.1.2 Mould(s) . 10
6.1.3 Depth gauge . 10
6.1.4 Ventilated enclosure . 10
6.1.5 Temperature sensors . 10
6.1.6 Temperature monitoring indicator . 10
6.1.7 Steel supporting plate . 10
6.1.8 Non-stick chemical . 10
6.2 Extra large Devices . 10
6.2.1 Device simulating a rolling load which shall include . 10
6.2.2 Moulds . 11
6.2.3 Depth gauge . 11
6.2.4 Ventilated enclosure . 11
6.2.5 Temperature sensors . 11
6.2.6 Temperature monitoring indicator . 11
6.3 Small size devices . 11
6.3.1 Wheel-tracking apparatus . 11
6.3.2 Means for temperature control . 12
6.3.3 Straightedge . 12
6.3.4 Callipers . 12
6.3.5 Moulds . 12
6.4 Small-size devices for use with cores . 12
6.4.1 General . 12
6.4.2 Abrasive disc circular saw . 12
6.4.3 Core clamping assembly . 13
6.4.4 Cleansing solvent . 13
6.4.5 Holding medium . 13
6.4.6 Containers . 13
6.4.7 Spirit level . 13
7 Sampling and sample preparation . 13
7.1 Sampling and manufacture . 13
7.1.1 Laboratory prepared samples . 13
7.1.2 Specimen extracted from pavements . 14
7.2 Thickness and surface regularity. 15
7.2.1 Large and extra-large size devices . 15
7.2.2 Small size devices . 15
7.3 Transport and storage of unmounted specimens . 15
7.4 Sample preparation . 16
7.4.1 Laboratory-prepared specimen . 16
7.4.2 Specimen extracted from pavements . 16
7.5 Storage . 16
8 Procedure for carrying out a single measurement . 17
8.1 Large size devices . 17
8.1.1 Pneumatic tyre . 17
8.1.2 Conditioning run . 17
8.1.3 Initial readings . 17
8.1.4 Temperature conditioning . 17
8.1.5 Execution of test . 17
8.1.6 Temperature monitoring . 17
8.1.7 Repeat runs . 17
8.2 Extra-large size device . 18
8.2.1 Pneumatic tyre . 18
8.2.2 Temperature conditioning . 18
8.2.3 Execution of test . 18
8.2.4 Temperature monitoring . 18
8.2.5 Repeat runs . 18
8.3 Small size devices . 18
8.3.1 Temperature conditioning . 18
8.3.2 Specimen fixing . 18
8.3.3 Conditioning runs . 19
8.3.4 Procedure A . 19
8.3.5 Procedure B . 19
9 Calculation and expression of results . 19
9.1 Large size devices . 19
9.1.1 Calculation of the measured proportional rut depth . 19
9.1.2 Graph . 20
9.1.3 Calculation of the mean value P . 20
9.1.4 Calculation of the test temperature . 20
9.2 Extra-large size device . 20
9.2.1 Calculation of the measured proportional rut depth . 20
9.2.2 Calculation of the mean value P . 20
XL
9.2.3 Calculation of the test temperature . 20
9.3 Small size devices . 21
9.3.1 Procedure A . 21
9.3.2 Procedure B in air . 22
9.3.3 Procedure B in water . 23
10 Test report . 23
10.1 Obligatory information . 23
10.1.1 Obligatory information for each test specimen . 23
10.1.2 Obligatory information for laboratory prepared test specimens. 24
10.1.3 Obligatory information for test specimens taken from a pavement by coring . 24
10.1.4 Obligatory information for test specimens tested on large or extra large devices . 24
10.1.5 Obligatory information for test specimens tested on small size devices . 24
10.2 Complementary information . 25
11 Precision. 25
11.1 General . 25
11.2 Laboratory prepared samples, proportional rut depth, large size devices . 25
11.3 Samples cored from a pavement and laboratory prepared samples, wheel-tracking rate,
small-size devices, conditioning in air . 25
Bibliography . 30

Foreword
This document (prEN 12697-22:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road
materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12697-22:2003+A1:2007.
The following is a list of significant technical changes since the previous edition:
 vibratory compactor excluded as a method of sample preparation;
 units of development of ruts unified to µm/cycle for both procedures using the small device;
 moulds added to the list of equipment;
 requirement added for storing samples on a flat surface;
 range of time for conditioning prior to testing extended;
 Equation (7) corrected;
 type of roller compactor required to be reported.
This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below:
EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 1: Soluble binder content
EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 2: Determination of particle size
distribution
EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 3: Bitumen recovery: Rotary
evaporator
EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 4: Bitumen recovery:
Fractionating column
EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 5: Determination of the
maximum density
EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 6: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 7: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens by gamma rays
EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 8: Determination of void
characteristics of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 10: Compactibility
EN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 11: Determination of the
affinity between aggregates and bitumen
EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 12: Determination of the water
sensitivity of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 13: Temperature
measurement
EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 14: Water content
EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 15: Determination of the
segregation sensitivity
EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres
EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 17: Particle loss of porous
asphalt specimen
EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 18: Binder drainage
EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 19: Permeability of specimen
EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 20: Indentation using cube or
cylindrical specimen
EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 21: Indentation using plate
specimens
EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 22: Wheel tracking
EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 23: Determination of the
indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 24: Resistance to fatigue
EN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 25: Cyclic compression test
EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 26: Stiffness
EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling
EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 28: Preparation of samples for
determining binder content, water content and grading
EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 29: Determination of the
dimensions of a bituminous specimen
EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 30: Specimen preparation by
impact compactor
EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 31: Specimen preparation by
gyratory compactor
EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 32: Laboratory compaction of
bituminous mixtures by vibratory compactor
EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 33: Specimen prepared by
roller compactor
EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 34: Marshall test
EN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 35: Laboratory mixing
EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 36: Determination of the
thickness of a bituminous pavement
EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 37: Hot sand test for the
adhesivity of binder on pre-coated chippings for HRA
EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 38: Common equipment and
calibration
EN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 39: Binder content by ignition
EN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures — Requirements — In situ drainability
EN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 41: Resistance to deicing
fluids
EN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 42: Amount of coarse foreign
matter in reclaimed asphalt
EN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 43: Resistance to fuel
EN 12697-44, Bituminous mixtures – Test methods for hot mix asphalt – Part 44: Crack propagation by
semi-circular bending test
EN 12697-45, Bituminous mixtures – Test methods for hot mix asphalt – Part 45: Saturation ageing tensile
stiffness (SATS) conditioning test
EN 12697-46, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 46: Low temperature cracking
and properties by uniaxial tension tests
EN 12697-47, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 47: Determination of the ash
content of natural asphalt
prEN 12697-48, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 48: Inter-layer bond
1)
strength
prEN 12697-49, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 49: Determination of friction
1)
after polishing
prTS 12697-50, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 50: Scuffing resistance of
1)
surface course
For the small-size device, the use of a wheel fitted with a solid rubber tyre is specified. Depending on the
result of on-going research, the use of a steel wheel may be accepted.
This document includes a bibliography.

1) In preparation
1 Scope
This European Standard describes test methods for determining the susceptibility of bituminous materials to
deform under load. The test is applicable to mixtures with upper sieve size less than or equal to 32 mm.
The tests are applicable to specimens that have either been manufactured in a laboratory or cut from a
pavement; test specimens are held in a mould with their surface flush with the upper edge of the mould.
The susceptibility of bituminous materials to deform is assessed by the rut formed by repeated passes of a
loaded wheel at constant temperature. Three alternative types of device can be used according to this
standard: large-size devices, extra large-size devices and small-size devices. With large-size devices and
extra large-size devices, the specimens are conditioned in air during testing. With small-size devices,
specimens are conditioned, in either air or water.
NOTE Large-size and extra large-size devices are not suitable for use with cylindrical cores.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 6: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens
EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 7: Determination of bulk density
of bituminous specimens by gamma rays
EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling
EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 33: Specimen preparation by
roller compactor
EN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 35: Laboratory mixing
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanised or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and
100 IRHD)
ISO 7619, Rubber — Determination of indentation hardness by means of pocket hardness meters
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
nominal thickness
for laboratory prepared specimens, target thickness, in millimetres, to which the specimens are to be prepared
3.2
rut depth
reduction in the thickness of a test specimen, in millimetres, caused by repeated passes of a loaded wheel
3.3
test surface
surface of the test specimen on which the loaded wheel runs
3.4
single test result
value obtained by applying this European Standard, once, to a single test portion
3.5
test portion
for this test, a test portion to represent one material shall consist of a set of:
Table 1 — Minimum set of specimen
Device Minimum set of test specimen
Large or extra-large size device 2
Small size model A testing in air 6
Small size model B testing in air 2
Small size model B testing in water 2
3.6
tyre track
impression of the tyre on a flat surface when a vertical load is applied
3.7
load cycle
two passes (outward and return) of the loaded wheel
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
Table 2 — Symbols and abbreviated terms
Symbol Definition Unit
m local distance between a reference plane and the j specified location of the upper mm

ij
face of the test piece at the time of the i measurement sequence (large device)
NOTE j varies between 1 and 15.
m initial measurement at the j location —

0j
P measured proportional rut depth calculated as the average depth of a rut at the i %

i
measurement sequence measured at predetermined points or the average of
predetermined stretch (large size device) or the average of predetermined
cross-sections (extra-large device) as a proportion of the thickness of the test
specimen
h specimen thickness equal to the thickness of the course or courses of the test piece mm
in which a rut can form
WTR wheel-tracking rate calculated as the average rate at which the rut depth increases µm/cycle
with time under repeated passes of a loaded wheel of a small size device model A in
air
WTS wheel-tracking slope, calculated as the average rate at which the rut depth increases µm/cycle

W
with repeated passes of a loaded wheel of a small size device model B in water
WTS wheel-tracking slope, calculated as the average rate at which the rut depth increases µm/cycle

AIR
with repeated passes of a loaded wheel of a small size device model B in air
w
width of the tyre applying the load mm
N number of cycles —
Symbol Definition Unit
P
average value of P obtained on two or more specimens —
i
P average value of P obtained on two or more specimens using large size device %
LD i
P average value of P obtained on two or more specimens using extra-large size device %
XL i
TR mean rate of increase of track depth µm/cycle
TR mean value of the determinations of TR µm/cycle
m
PRD proportional rut depth for the material under test at N cycles using a small size device %
W
in water
RD rut depth for the material under test at N cycles using a small size device in water mm
W
PRD proportional rut depth for the material under test at N cycles using a small size device
%
AIR
in air
RD rut depth for the material under test at N cycles using a small size device in air mm
AIR
L load applied N
t time for rut depth to reach 15 mm min
r change in vertical displacement from the initial value, r , to the i relevant reading mm
i 0
n total number of readings taken at 5 min., excluding the initial reading. —
d , rut depth after 5 000 load cycles and 10 000 load cycles. respectively mm
5 000
d
10 000
5 Principle
The susceptibility of a bituminous material to deform is assessed by measuring the rut depth formed by
repeated passes of a loaded wheel at a fixed temperature.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Large size devices
6.1.1 Device simulating a rolling load which shall include
6.1.1.1 Wheel fitted with a 400 × 8 pneumatic tyre without tread pattern and having a track width of
(80 ± 5) mm. The pneumatic tyre pressure shall be (600 ± 30) kPa.
NOTE The Trelleborg T522 BV Extra or Special 6-ply type pneumatic tyre is suitable for this test.
6.1.1.2 The travel of pneumatic tyre relative to the specimen shall be (410 ± 5) mm.
6.1.1.3 The frequency of travel (outward and return) shall be (1,0 ± 0,1) Hz.
6.1.1.4 The rolling load applied to the test specimen shall be (5 000 ± 50) N at the centre of the test
specimen, measured at least when the device is static.
6.1.1.5 The centre line of the tyre track shall be not more than 5 mm from the theoretical centre of the test
specimen.
6.1.1.6 The angle of skew shall be (0,0 ± 0,5)°.
6.1.2 Mould(s)
Mould(s) of internal dimensions (500 × 180 × 50) mm or (500 × 180 × 100) mm, all dimensions ± 2 mm,
capable of withstanding the test conditions without distortion.
6.1.3 Depth gauge
Depth gauge to measure local deformation, m , to within ± 0,2 mm and with a square or circular measurement
ij
2 2
area of between 5 mm and 10 mm . A contact-free sensor can be used if it leads to the same result.
6.1.4 Ventilated enclosure
Ventilated enclosure with a set temperature that is regulated by a probe installed within the test specimen
such that the temperature within the specimen is maintained at ± 2 °C of that set (see Figure 1).
6.1.5 Temperature sensors
Temperature sensor(s) suitable for installation within a compacted bituminous test specimen and for the
measurement of air temperature.
6.1.6 Temperature monitoring indicator
Temperature monitoring indicator to record the temperature within the test specimen, as shown in Figure 1.
6.1.7 Steel supporting plate
Steel supporting plate with a surface unevenness of less than 1 mm when checked with a steel rule across the
diagonals and of a thickness such that the deflection under test conditions of this European Standard shall not
exceed 0,5 mm.
6.1.8 Non-stick chemical
Non-stick chemical, such as glycerized sodium oleate.
6.2 Extra large Devices
6.2.1 Device simulating a rolling load which shall include
6.2.1.1 General
Wheel fitted with a 6.00-R9 pneumatic tyre without tread pattern and having a track width of (110 ± 5) mm.
6.2.1.2 The travel of pneumatic tyre relative to the specimen shall be (700 ± 5) mm.
6.2.1.3 The time of travel (outward and return) shall be (2,5 ± 0,5) s.
6.2.1.4 The rolling load applied to the test specimen shall be (10 000 ± 100) N at the centre of the test
specimen, measured at least when the device is static.
6.2.1.5 The centre line of the tyre track shall be not more than 20 mm from the theoretical centre of the
test specimen.
6.2.1.6 The angle of skew shall be (0,0 ± 0,5)°.
6.2.2 Moulds
Mould(s) of internal dimensions (700 × 500) mm, all dimensions ± 5 mm, capable of withstanding the test
conditions without distortion. The height of mould corresponds to the nominal thickness of the test specimen
at the ends. The height of side edges correspond to the nominal thickness or exceed it by a maximum of
20 mm.
6.2.3 Depth gauge
Laser sensors to measure local deformation to within ± 0,2 mm. Laser sensors shall be capable to measure
rut depth with interval maximum 2 mm at least in 3 cross-sections as indicated Figure 2.
6.2.4 Ventilated enclosure
Ventilated enclosure with a set temperature that is regulated by a probe installed within the test specimen
such that the temperature within the specimen is maintained at ± 3 °C of that set (see Figure 2).
6.2.5 Temperature sensors
Temperature sensor(s) suitable for installation within a compacted bituminous test specimen and for the
measurement of air temperature.
6.2.6 Temperature monitoring indicator
Temperature monitoring indicator to record the temperature within the test specimen, as shown in Figure 2.
6.3 Small size devices
6.3.1 Wheel-tracking apparatus
6.3.1.1 General
Wheel-tracking apparatus consisting of a loaded wheel that bears on a sample held securely on a table. The
table beneath the wheel or the wheel above the table moves to and from and a device provided monitors the
rate at which a rut develops in the surface of the test specimen. Vertical play in the loaded wheel mechanism
shall be less than 0,25 mm. The apparatus shall include:
6.3.1.2 Tyre of outside diameter between 200 mm and 205 mm fitted to the wheel. The tyre shall be
treadless and have a rectangular cross profile with a width of (w ± 1) mm where w = (50 ± 5) mm. The tyre
thickness shall be (20 ± 2) mm. The tyre shall be of solid rubber with a hardness number of (80 ± 5) IRHD
units when measured in accordance with ISO 7619 and ISO 48. The hardness may be confirmed according to
ISO 48.
6.3.1.3 Means of applying a load to the wheel: The wheel load under standard test conditions shall be
 w 
 
700 ± 10 N , measured at the level of the top of the test specimen and normal to the plane of the
 
 
 
 
sample table.
NOTE This loading may conveniently be achieved by the use of a weighted cantilever arm.
6.3.1.4 Sample table, constructed so as to enable a 200 mm minimum diameter core specimen or
rectangular laboratory-prepared test specimen to be held firmly in place with its upper surface horizontal and
in the required tracking plane and with its centre positioned to ensure symmetrical tracking motion.
6.3.1.5 Wheel-tracking machine, constructed so as to enable the test specimen in its cradle to be moved
backwards and forwards under the loaded wheel in a fixed horizontal plane or the loaded wheel to be moved
backwards and forwards on the fixed specimen. The centre-line of the tyre track shall be not more than 5 mm
from the theoretical centre of the specimen. The centre of the contact area of the tyre shall describe simple
harmonic motion with respect to the centre of the top surface of the test specimen with a total distance of
travel of (230 ± 10) mm and a frequency of (26,5 ± 1,0) load cycles per 60 s for the test device.
NOTE This form of motion is most readily achieved by a reciprocating drive from a flywheel but alternative drive
mechanisms are satisfactory as long as the motion conforms with the above requirements.
6.3.1.6 Carriage and frame of steel with minimum inside dimensions of 260 mm × 300 mm. Vertical play in
the carriage shall be less than 0,25 mm when measured at the four corners of the carriage with the carriage
being subjected to the operating load, and the thickness of its bottom plate will be not less than 8 mm.
6.3.1.7 Device to measure the vertical position of the loaded wheel to ± 0,2 mm with a range of not less
than 20,0 mm.
6.3.2 Means for temperature control
Means for temperature control such that the temperature of the test specimen during testing is uniform and
maintained constant at the specified temperature ± 1 °C.
NOTE A constant temperature room enclosing the machine or a water bath are two methods of meeting this
requirement.
6.3.3 Straightedge
Straightedge, at least 300 mm long.
6.3.4 Callipers
Callipers capable of measuring the thickness of a test specimen to an accuracy of ± 1 mm.
Talc or steatite
6.3.5 Moulds
Mould(s) with internal dimensions of at least 260 mm by 300 mm and depth, after placing packing plates if
necessary, of the nominal thickness ± 5 mm. The mould(s) shall be capable of withstanding the test conditions
without distortion.
NOTE The width of the mould can have an influence on the deformation due to shear.
6.4 Small-size devices for use with cores
6.4.1 General
The equipment listed in 6.3.1 to 6.3.4 with the apparatus listed in 6.4.2 to 6.4.7.
6.4.2 Abrasive disc circular saw
Abrasive disc circular saw capable of cutting through 200 mm diameter cores of compacted bituminous
mixtures to provide a nominally ridge-free surface.
6.4.3 Core clamping assembly
Core clamping assembly comprising two steel, glass or other suitable stiff plates, and clamping blocks for
holding the prepared core in place whilst it is bedded in the holding medium.
NOTE The clamping blocks can be of any material strong enough to support the mass of the loaded wheel and have
a central hole capable of accommodating cores with diameters close to 200 mm.
6.4.4 Cleansing solvent
Cleansing solvent, e.g. mixture of 90 % acetone and 10 % kerosene by volume, for cleaning the rubber tyre
after use.
6.4.5 Holding medium
Holding medium, e.g. plaster of Paris or a polyester resin and hardener.
6.4.6 Containers
Containers for mixing the holding medium (disposable paper cups are suitable).
6.4.7 Spirit level
Spirit level, at least 100 mm long.
7 Sampling and sample preparation
7.1 Sampling and manufacture
7.1.1 Laboratory prepared samples
7.1.1.1 Manufacture
The component materials shall either be
 Laboratory produced bituminous mixtures, mixed in accordance with EN 12697-35 or
 Plant produced bituminous mixtures, sampled in accordance with EN 12697-27.
The test specimens shall be compacted in their moulds in accordance with EN 12697-33. The bulk density
shall be measured either by dimensions in accordance with EN 12697-6 or, after extracting the sample from
the mould, by one of the other methods in accordance with EN 12697-6 or EN 12697-7. The bulk density of
the two (or six) specimens used to measure the rut depth or the wheel-tracking rate of a given mixture shall
not deviate by more than ± 1 % of the mean bulk density.
7.1.1.2 Nominal thickness
For large size devices and without specific requirement, the thickness of the specimen shall be:
 50 mm for mixtures intended to be used in layers less than or equal to 50 mm;
 100 mm for mixtures intended to be used in layers greater than 50 mm.
For extra-large size devices and without specific requirement, the thickness of the specimen shall be 60 mm.
For large and extra-large size devices and if the thickness is to be specified, it shall be:
 30 mm;
or
 50 mm;
or
 60 mm;
or
 75 mm;
or
 100 mm.
NOTE In the case of mixtures that are designed to be laid at a range of thickness, the thickness of the specimen
should be the point in the design thickness range nearest or about 2,5 times the upper sieve size of the mix.
For small size devices the nominal thickness of the specimen shall be that at which the mixture will be laid on
the road, or in the case of mixtures that are designed to be laid at a range of thickness, shall be the point in
the design thickness range nearest
 25 mm for mixtures with upper sieve size less than 8 mm;
 40 mm for mixtures with upper sieve size larger or equal to 8 mm and less than 16 mm;
 60 mm for mixtures with upper sieve size larger than or equal to 16 mm and less than or equal to 22 mm;
 80 mm for mixtures with upper sieve size larger than 22 mm and less than or equal to 32 mm.
7.1.1.3 Temperature probes
For specimen to be used on large size devices, the temperature sensors shall be inserted into the test
specimen; for temperature monitoring, as shown in Figure 1.
7.1.2 Specimen extracted from pavements
7.1.2.1 Cut specimens
Cut specimens of sufficient size so that they can be sawn to form rectangular test specimen of
(175 ± 0,2) mm × (490 ± 0,2) mm for large size devices or (690 ± 10) mm × (490 ± 10) mm for extra-large size
devices or at least 260 mm × 300 mm for small size devices. For each test, cut at least
 two test specimens for large and extra-large size devices;
 six test specimens for small size devices with procedure A;
or
 two test specimens for small size devices with procedure B.
The locations from which the specimens are taken shall be selected in accordance with EN 12697-27.
7.1.2.2 Core specimen
For small size devices, the number of core specimens with a diameter of more than 200 mm shall be in
accordance with Table 1.
7.1.2.3 Temperature probes
For specimens to be used on large size devices, insert one temperature sensor into the test specimen; for
temperature monitoring, as shown in Figure 1.
For specimens to be used on extra-large size devices, insert one temperature sensor into the test specimen;
for temperature monitoring, as shown in Figure 2.
7.1.2.4 Marking
Each cut or cored specimen shall be marked to indicate the direction of traffic flow.
7.1.2.5 Trimming
If necessary for specimen of rolled asphalt or gussasphalt with pre-coated chippings, cut the test surface
using a circular saw so that it is flat.
7.2 Thickness and surface regularity
7.2.1 Large and extra-large size devices
The thickness of the specimen at all points of the measuring zone shall not differ from the nominal thickness
by more than 2,5 mm when the nominal t
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