SIST EN ISO 26423:2016

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
01-junij-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1071-2:2004
)LQDNHUDPLNDVRGREQDNHUDPLNDVRGREQDWHKQLþQDNHUDPLND8JRWDYOMDQMH
JRVWRWHSUHPD]D]PHWRGRþHOQHJDEUXãHQMD,62
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Determination of
coating thickness by crater-grinding method (ISO 26423:2009)
Hochleistungskeramik - Bestimmung der Schichtdicke mit dem Kalottenschleifverfahren
(ISO 26423:2009)
Céramiques techniques - Détermination de l'épaisseur de revêtement par la méthode de
meulage de cratère (ISO 26423:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 26423:2016
ICS:
25.220.99 Druge obdelave in prevleke Other treatments and
coatings
81.060.30 Sodobna keramika Advanced ceramics
SIST EN ISO 26423:2016 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016


EN ISO 26423
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

April 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes EN 1071-2:2002
English Version

Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) - Determination of coating thickness by crater-
grinding method (ISO 26423:2009)
Céramiques techniques - Détermination de l'épaisseur Hochleistungskeramik - Bestimmung der Schichtdicke
de revêtement par la méthode de meulage de cratère mit dem Kalottenschleifverfahren (ISO 26423:2009)
(ISO 26423:2009)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 March 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 26423:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
EN ISO 26423:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
EN ISO 26423:2016 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 26423:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 “Fine ceramics” of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 26423:2016
by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics” the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 1071-2:2002.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 26423:2009 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 26423:2016 without any modification.
3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 26423
First edition
2009-01-15


Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) —
Determination of coating thickness by
crater-grinding method
Céramiques techniques — Détermination de l'épaisseur de revêtement
par la méthode de meulage de cratère





Reference number
ISO 26423:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
ISO 26423:2009(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2009
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
ISO 26423:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Symbols . 1
4 Principle. 3
5 Sampling. 3
6 Test procedure . 3
6.1 General. 3
6.2 Preparation for the test . 4
6.3 Test parameters . 4
6.4 Example of test parameters. 5
7 Microscopic examination and measurement. 5
7.1 Examination. 5
7.2 Measurement. 5
8 Calculations. 6
9 Uncertainty and sources of error. 7
10 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Errors associated with using different formulae for calculating film
thickness . 9
Annex B (informative) Estimating measurement uncertainty and errors. 12
Bibliography . 15

© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
ISO 26423:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 26423 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.

iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 26423:2009(E)

Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Determination of coating thickness by crater-
grinding method
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of the thickness of ceramic coatings by a
crater-grinding method, which includes the grinding of a spherical cavity and subsequent microscopic
examination of the crater.
Because of the uncertainty introduced into the measurement of crater dimensions, the test is not suitable for
use where the surface roughness of the coating and/or substrate exceeds 20 % of the coating thickness.
NOTE An alternative method for measurement of thickness, using a contact probe profilometer, is given in
ISO 18452.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3290-1, Rolling bearings — Balls — Part 1: Steel balls
ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
3 Symbols
For the purpose of this document, the following symbols apply.
D best estimate of the outer diameter of the crater, at the surface of the coating, in micrometres (see
Figure 1);
d best estimate of the inner diameter of the crater, defined by the bottom of the coating layer, in
micrometres (see Figure 1);
h thickness of the coating, in micrometres (see Figure 1);
m subscript indicating mean value (D , d , X , Y ).
m m m m
r radius of the ball, in micrometres (see Figure 1);
b
r radius of curvature of specimen;
s
l total penetration depth of the ball, in micrometres (see Figure 1);
T
l penetration depth of the ball in the substrate, in micrometres (see Figure 1);
t
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
ISO 26423:2009(E)
X distance, on a coplanar projection of the two craters, between the periphery of the outer crater and a
diametrically equivalent point on the same side of the inner crater, in micrometres (see Figure 1);
Y distance, on a coplanar projection of the two craters, between the periphery of the outer crater and a
diametrically equivalent point on the opposite side of the inner crater, in micrometres (see Figure 1).



Key
1 coating
2 substrate
Figure 1 — Principal dimensions used in the test method


2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO 26423:2016
ISO 26423:2009(E)
4 Principle
Coating thickness often plays a major role in the performance of coated tools and machine parts. Many
different techniques have been developed for assessing the coating thickness. Among these, the crater-
grinding method and the step height method (see ISO 18452) are easy to perform and applicable to most
coated systems.
The method is simple and straightforward. A crater is ground into the coated part by means of a rotating ball
wetted by an abrasive slurry. The thickness of the coating is derived from the ball and crater dimensional
characteristics. Contrast between the different materials constituting the coating and substrate is a
prerequisite for the method, to enable detection of the interface between the coating and the surface.
Test specimens should be either flat or cylindrical. Flatness can be considered as sufficient if the local
specimen radius of curvature, r , satisfies the relation r > 100 × r (for error u 1 %).
s s b
5 Sampling
A representative test specimen of the product under test shall be used. Test pieces shall be coated original
items or, where this is not possible, items made in the same way as the batch to be tested. For large parts,
separate manufacturing of the test piece may be necessary.
6 Test procedure
6.1 General
A ball wetted by an abrasive slurry is rotated against the surface of the test piece. A spherical wear crater is
produced, and the test is finished when the depth of penetration of the spherical crater is greater than the
coating thickness. The coating thickness is then derived from the dimensions of the wear scars (full crater and
substrate crater diameters) and the ball diameter.
Different test rig set-ups may be used. The ball can be rotated freely on a drive shaft, whereby its mass is
used to produce the contact load, or it may be clamped in the drive axis while the specimen is loaded by
means of a lever system. A typical arrangement is shown in Figure 2.
Alternatively, a wheel instead of a ball may be used, in which case the sample shall also
...