SIST EN 303 135 V2.2.1:2021

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Coastal Surveillance, Vessel Traffic Services and
Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum

2 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Reference
REN/ERM-TGMAR-535
Keywords
harmonised standard, maritime, radar, regulation

ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2020.
All rights reserved.
DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.

3GPP™ and LTE™ are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M™ logo is a trademark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the oneM2M Partners. ®
GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 Technical requirements specifications . 9
4.1 Environmental profile . 9
4.2 Conformance requirements . 9
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 9
4.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy. 9
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 9
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 9
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 9
4.2.1.2 Transmitter power . 10
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth . 10
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.1.4 Out-of-band emissions . 10
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 12
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 13
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 13
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 13
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 14
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.2 Receiver requirements . 14
4.2.2.1 System Noise Figure . 14
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 14
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 14
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 14
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 14
4.2.2.2.2 Limit . 14
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 15
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 15
4.2.2.3.2 Limit . 15
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 15
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 16
5.0 General requirements . 16
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 16
5.1.1 Test Conditions . 16
5.1.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 16
5.1.3 Normal test power supply . 16
5.2 Radio test suites . 16
5.2.1 Transmitter test specification . 16
5.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy. 16
5.2.1.2 Transmitter power . 16
5.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth . 17
5.2.1.4 Out-of-Band-emissions . 17
5.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 19
5.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 20
5.2.2 Receiver test specification . 20
5.2.2.1 System Noise Figure . 20
5.2.2.1.0 General . 20
5.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 20
5.2.2.2.0 General . 20
5.2.2.2.1 Receiver Out-of-Band selectivity . 21
5.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 22
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 23
Annex B (normative): Transmission power, Frequency Accuracy and Unwanted Emissions
of radar systems with indirect methods . 24
Annex C (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 25
Annex D (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 27
Annex E (informative): WR90/WG16/R100 waveguide characteristics . 28
Annex F (normative): Noise figure measurement set-up . 30
Annex G (normative): Compression level and selectivity measurement set-up. 31
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 32
Annex I (informative): Bibliography . 35
Annex J (informative): Change history . 36
History . 37

ETSI
5 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C(2015) 5376 final [i.6] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive and associated
EFTA regulations.
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 18 November 2020
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 28 February 2021
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 August 2021
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 August 2022

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
6 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for X-band radar sensors
intended for Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and harbour surveillance with the following
characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transmitter output (from power amplifier) towards the antenna uses a hollow metallic rectangular
waveguide of type WR90/WG16/R100 according to IEC 60153-2 [i.3] with a minimum length of 92 cm
(20 times the wavelength of the waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide-based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-
specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ECC Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[2] ERC Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
ETSI
7 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] Merrill I. Skolnik: "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill publications.
[i.3] IEC 60153-2:2016: "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for ordinary
rectangular waveguides".
[i.4] ETSI EG 203 336: "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the production of
Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU".
[i.5] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.6] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2016).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state producing the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. Also a generic frequency allocation table is available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for traffic, but is not in the active state
Minimum Detectable Signal (MDS): measure of the lowest detectable signal amplitude for a given signal type for a
given radar
NOTE: For solid state radars a processing gain can be associated with a received signal. This processing gain has
the effect of lowering the MDS level in comparison to a MDS which is based only on noise temperature.
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
NOTE 2: Unless otherwise specified in an Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
ETSI
8 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
Peak Envelope Power (PEP): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one
radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
simple pulse radar: radar using pulsed emissions but not using frequency, phase or power modulation
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
NF Noise Factor of the system
sys
P Probability of detection
D
P Probability of false alarm
FA
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
t Pulse rise time
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
T Pulse length (of individual chirp) in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
CW Continous Wave
dBm Power ratio expressed in decibels (dB) with reference to one milliwatt
dBW Power ratio expressed in decibels (dB) with reference to one Watt
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EM ElectroMagnetic
EN European Norm
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
FM Frequency Modulation
HR HaRbour
kW kiloWatt
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
NA Not Applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PPI Plan Position Indicator (Display showing the radar video etc)
ppm part(s) per million
RF Radio Frequency
VTS Vessel Traffic Services
WG WaveGuide
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The frequency accuracy is the maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied
by an emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference
frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency accuracy at the defined operating frequency for radars applying unmodulated pulses shall not exceed
1 250 ppm.
NOTE: This value is defined in appendix 2 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.1.2 Transmitter power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
In the present document the transmitter power of a pulse radar is the peak value of the transmitter pulse power during
the transmission pulse (PEP) measured at the antenna flange (output port of the transmitter).
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth (B ) is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the measured PEP.
-40
The measured -20 dB bandwidth (B ) is the measured bandwidth of the emission 20 dB below the measured PEP.
-20
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For radar types using a modulated pulse the measured -40 dB bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely
within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained within the declared band.
For magnetron radars the measured -20 dB bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely within the declared
band. In case of multiple carrier-frequencies magnetron radars, all measured -20 dB emissions shall be contained within
the declared band.
NOTE: Magnetron radars will not be able to fit the -40 dB bandwidth within the band due to the physical
properties of this technology and the requirements for the minimal operational performance.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see definition of spurious region in clause 4.2.1.5.1).
The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the calculated -40 dB
bandwidth. Annex C contains the applicable formulae for calculating the -40 dB bandwidth.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in figure 1.
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
The limits for the OoB spectrum mask shall be as specified in annex 2 of ECC Recommendation (02)05 [1].
The Out-of-Band emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth (B ). The Out of Band mask rolls off at
-40
30 dB per decade, from the B bandwidth to the level specified for spurious emissions.
-40
For multi-frequency/frequency diversity and active array radars spurious emission limits shall be 43 + 10log (PEP) or
60 dB (whichever is less stringent) as specified in table 15 of ERC Recommendation 74-01 [2] and in table 1.
pp
Table 1: Limits for unwanted emissions for multiple frequency and active arrays
Frequency offset Limit Slope
relative to B dB dB/decade
pp
-40
0,5 to 2,3 -40 to -43 - 10 × log(PEP) / -60 (see note) -30
NOTE: From -40 to -43 - 10 × log(PEP) or -60 whichever is less stringent.

For all other radar systems spurious emission limits shall be -30 dBm or 100 dB (whichever is less stringent) as
pp
specified in table 15 of ERC Recommendation 74-01 [2] and in table 2.
Table 2: Limits for unwanted emissions for all other radar systems
Frequency offset Limit Slope
relative to B dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 dB -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 dB / -30 dBm (see note) -60
NOTE: From -70 to -100 dB or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Example of the unwanted emission mask per table 2 is shown in figure 2.
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
,
Center frequency
Frequency relative to B
-40
Figure 2: Out-of-Band emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in figure 3.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency);
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidentally);
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics);
• emissions caused by frequency conversions.
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in ECC
Recommendation (02)05 [1], annex 2 reaches the spurious emission limit specified in table 15 of ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2], annex 5. This is illustrated in figure 3.
ETSI
dB [dB]
pp
13 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains (not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For radar systems, the spurious emissions limits are related to the PEP and shall be as specified in ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2], annex 5 and also shown in table 3.
Table 3: Limits for spurious emissions
Radar type Spurious emission limits
Multi-frequency and active array -43 - 10 × log(PEP) dB or -60 dB (see notes 1 and 2)
Other types of fixed stations -100 dB or -30 dBm (see note 1)
NOTE 1: Whichever is less stringent.
NOTE 2: PEP is measured in Watts in the reference bandwidth of 1 MHz.

NOTE: A reference bandwidth of 1 MHz is recommended for frequencies above 1 GHz as in ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2].
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
The stand-by mode output power is defined as the power output at the antenna flange in the spurious region.
For the stand-by mode the limits between OoB and spurious regions are considered the same as calculated for the active
state.
ETSI
14 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The standby mode emissions shall be not greater than -47 dBm above 1 GHz as specified in table 15 of annex 5 of ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2].
The radars covered by the present document use WR90 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter and the
antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 6 556 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do not
provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver requirements
4.2.2.1 System Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The system noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The maximum system Noise Figure shall be 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to reject interfering signals outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limit
The receiver selectivity characteristic of the radar receiver shall correspond to the requirements for the spectrum of the
emitted signal as specified in clause 4.2.1.4.
The receiver input shall be subjected to a disturbing signal swept over the frequency ranges from WG cut-off to the
lower edge of the -40 dB bandwidth and from the higher edge of the -40 dB bandwidth to 26 GHz.
The disturbing signal level shall start at the Minimum Detectable Signal (MDS) level from the -40 dB bandwidth edges
of the radar emissions. Then the disturbing signal level shall rise with 30 dB/decade until it reaches the maximum level
6 dB below receiver compression point but not higher than -30 dBm.
The detailed derivation of the receiver Out-of-Band selectivity curve is described in clause 5.2.2.2.
ETSI
15 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.2.2 and clause 5.2.2.2.
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level
4.2.2.3.1 Definition
The compression level is defined as when one of the receiver stages becomes non-linear thereby causing distortion and
other non-linear effects that prevent proper operation of the receiver.
The receiver input compression level is defined as when the receiver output is 1 dB into compression as shown in
figure 4.
Figure 4: Receiver 1 dB compression point
4.2.2.3.2 Limit
The input of the radar shall be able to handle signal levels up to at least -35 dBm (measured at the waveguide flange)
with no more than 1 dB compression of the signal, refer to figure 4. The measurement of compression signal level shall
be done at the output of the A/D driver amplifier (analog) or by data analysis at the output of the A/D converter
(digital).
NOTE: A high compression level corresponds to high immunity against blocking.
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.3.2.
ETSI
16 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements
5.0 General requirements
The manufacturer shall ensure that all operating modes and product configurations are in compliance with the technical
requirements in the present document.
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing
5.1.1 Test Conditions
All tests shall take place under the test conditions specified in clause 5.1.2 and clause 5.1.3.
5.1.2 Normal temperature and humidity
The temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be a combination of temperature and humidity within the
following ranges:
o o
a) temperature: +15 C to +35 C;
b) relative humidity: not exceeding 75 %.
5.1.3 Normal test power supply
The test voltage for equipment to be connected to an AC supply shall be the nominal mains voltage declared by the
manufacturer -10 % to +10 %. For the purpose of the present document, the nominal voltage shall be the declared
voltage or each of the declared voltages for which the equipment is indicated as having been designed. The frequency of
the test voltage shall be 50 Hz ± 1 Hz.
5.2 Radio test suites
5.2.1 Transmitter test specification
5.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy
In order to measure the frequency accuracy for unmodulated pulse radars the measurement is done on the antenna
interface. The antenna shall be replaced by a suitable adapter to adapt the rotary joint to a waveguide with a plane
flange. On that flange a directional coupler will be mounted with its main port terminated by a matching dummy load.
The coupled port shall have an adequate attenuation within the whole frequency band 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz (at
least 400 MHz outside edges of the declared bands) in order to protect the measurement equipment.
When measuring the frequency accuracy for radars with a phase or frequency modulated pulse the accuracy shall be
measured on the frequency reference(s) used for generating the radar output signal. If frequency multiplication in the
process of generating the output signal is used, then the required frequency accuracy shall be divided by the used
multiplication factor.
The transmitter frequency (or the frequency reference(s)) shall be measured using a frequency counter. The test setup
for the frequency accuracy measurement can be found in annex B.
5.2.1.2 Transmitter power
The antenna shall be replaced by a suitable adapter to adapt the rotary joint to a waveguide with a plane flange. On that
flange a directional coupler is mounted with its main port terminated by a matching dummy load (see figure B.1). The
coupled port shall have a sufficient attenuation within the whole frequency band 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz to avoid
saturation of the measurement equipment.
ETSI
17 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
The radar shall be setup to provide constant maximum output power independently from the azimuth.
Measurement setup shall be as described in annex B.
To determine the Peak Envelope Power (PEP) of the pulse a suitable pulse power meter with direct reading of the
transmitter pulse power shall be used.
To reference the indicated transmitter power to the transmitter output flange the coupling factor has to be taken into
account.
NOTE: Either the power meter allows already for compensation of the coupling loss, or the coupling loss is added
to the meter reading.
5.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth
The measurements of the bandwidth (B or, for magnetron radars, B ) shall be performed with the same settings as
-40 -20
in clause 5.2.1.4.
The bandwidth of the emissions 40 dB below PEP (or 20 dB below PEP for magnetron radars) shall be measured.
Measurement setup shall be as described in annex B.
5.2.1.4 Out-of-Band-emissions
The so-called indirect method as specified in clause 6 of annex 2 of Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 [3] shall be
applied for the measurement of unwanted emissions of radar systems. At first the transmitter output spectrum is
measured with removed antenna at the output port of the transmitter as illustrated in figure B.1.
To obtain a sufficient dynamic range the radar signal may need to be suppressed by e.g. additional notch-filter.
For multi-frequency and active array radars the Out-of-Band power emission shall be measured in the frequency bands
given in table 4.
For all other radar systems the Out-of-Band power emission shall be measured in the frequency bands given in table 5.
B is calculated from the formulae in annex C.
-40
Measurement setup shall be as described in annex B.
NOTE: These OoB-boundaries are taken from ECC Recommendation (02)05 [1], annex A.
Table 4: Out-of-Band emissions boundaries for multiple frequency and active arrays
Lower OoB boundary Upper OoB boundary
Centre frequency -2,3 × B Centre frequency +2,3 × B
-40 -40
NOTE 1: The values are taken from ECC Recommendation (02)05 [1].
NOTE 2: Measurements below the waveguide cut-off frequency are not necessary.

Table 5: Out-of-Band emissions boundaries for all other radar systems
Lower OoB boundary Upper OoB boundary
Carrier frequency -15,8 × B Carrier frequency +15,8 × B
-40 -40
NOTE 1: The values are taken from ECC Recommendation (02)05 [1].
NOTE 2: Measurements below the waveguide cut-off frequency are not necessary.

All measurements of Out-of-Band emissions shall be made with a reference bandwidth of 1 MHz.
Figures 5 and 6 depict the calculated emission masks for the aforementioned parameters of a typical radar applying the
mask specification in clause 4.2.1.4 which is corresponding to the standard mask in figure A2.1c of ECC
Recommendation (02)05 [1].
ETSI
18 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
, ,
Frequency Offset
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2021
Obalni nadzor, sistemi za nadzor plovbe in pristaniški radarji (CS/VTS/HR) -
Harmonizirani standard za dostop do radijskega spektra
Coastal Surveillance, Vessel Traffic Services and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) -
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
ICS:
33.060.99 Druga oprema za radijske Other equipment for
komunikacije radiocommunications
47.020.70 Navigacijska in krmilna Navigation and control
oprema equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD
Coastal Surveillance, Vessel Traffic Services and
Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR);
Harmonised Standard for access to radio spectrum

2 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Reference
REN/ERM-TGMAR-535
Keywords
harmonised standard, maritime, radar, regulation

ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2020.
All rights reserved.
DECT™, PLUGTESTS™, UMTS™ and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.

3GPP™ and LTE™ are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M™ logo is a trademark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the oneM2M Partners. ®
GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms . 7
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 Technical requirements specifications . 9
4.1 Environmental profile . 9
4.2 Conformance requirements . 9
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements . 9
4.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy. 9
4.2.1.1.1 Definition. 9
4.2.1.1.2 Limits . 9
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance . 9
4.2.1.2 Transmitter power . 10
4.2.1.2.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.2.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth . 10
4.2.1.3.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.3.2 Limits . 10
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance . 10
4.2.1.4 Out-of-band emissions . 10
4.2.1.4.1 Definition. 10
4.2.1.4.2 Limits . 11
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance . 12
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 12
4.2.1.5.1 Definition. 12
4.2.1.5.2 Limits . 13
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance . 13
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 13
4.2.1.6.1 Definition. 13
4.2.1.6.2 Limits . 14
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.2 Receiver requirements . 14
4.2.2.1 System Noise Figure . 14
4.2.2.1.1 Definition. 14
4.2.2.1.2 Limits . 14
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance . 14
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 14
4.2.2.2.1 Definition. 14
4.2.2.2.2 Limit . 14
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance . 15
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 15
4.2.2.3.1 Definition. 15
4.2.2.3.2 Limit . 15
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance . 15
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements . 16
5.0 General requirements . 16
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing . 16
5.1.1 Test Conditions . 16
5.1.2 Normal temperature and humidity . 16
5.1.3 Normal test power supply . 16
5.2 Radio test suites . 16
5.2.1 Transmitter test specification . 16
5.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy. 16
5.2.1.2 Transmitter power . 16
5.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth . 17
5.2.1.4 Out-of-Band-emissions . 17
5.2.1.5 Spurious emissions . 19
5.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions . 20
5.2.2 Receiver test specification . 20
5.2.2.1 System Noise Figure . 20
5.2.2.1.0 General . 20
5.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity . 20
5.2.2.2.0 General . 20
5.2.2.2.1 Receiver Out-of-Band selectivity . 21
5.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level . 22
Annex A (informative): Relationship between the present document and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU . 23
Annex B (normative): Transmission power, Frequency Accuracy and Unwanted Emissions
of radar systems with indirect methods . 24
Annex C (normative): Calculation of the -40 dB Bandwidth . 25
Annex D (informative): Maximum Measurement Uncertainty . 27
Annex E (informative): WR90/WG16/R100 waveguide characteristics . 28
Annex F (normative): Noise figure measurement set-up . 30
Annex G (normative): Compression level and selectivity measurement set-up. 31
Annex H (informative): Checklist . 32
Annex I (informative): Bibliography . 35
Annex J (informative): Change history . 36
History . 37

ETSI
5 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Harmonised European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic
compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document has been prepared under the Commission's standardisation request C(2015) 5376 final [i.6] to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to the essential requirements of Directive 2014/53/EU on the harmonisation
of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of radio equipment and repealing
Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1].
Once the present document is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with
the normative clauses of the present document given in table A.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of the present
document, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive and associated
EFTA regulations.
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 18 November 2020
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 28 February 2021
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 August 2021
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 August 2022

Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
6 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
1 Scope
The present document specifies technical characteristics and methods of measurements for X-band radar sensors
intended for Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and harbour surveillance with the following
characteristics:
• Operating in the following frequency range:
- 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses.
• Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW.
• The transmitter output (from power amplifier) towards the antenna uses a hollow metallic rectangular
waveguide of type WR90/WG16/R100 according to IEC 60153-2 [i.3] with a minimum length of 92 cm
(20 times the wavelength of the waveguide cut-off frequency).
• The antenna is rotating, waveguide-based and passive.
• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used.
NOTE: The relationship between the present document and essential requirements of article 3.2 of Directive
2014/53/EU [i.1] is given in annex A.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-
specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference/.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ECC Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions".
[2] ERC Recommendation 74-01 (2019): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain".
[3] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04/2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted
emissions of radar systems".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
ETSI
7 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
[i.1] Directive 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on the
harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of
radio equipment and repealing Directive 1999/5/EC.
[i.2] Merrill I. Skolnik: "Radar Handbook", 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill publications.
[i.3] IEC 60153-2:2016: "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for ordinary
rectangular waveguides".
[i.4] ETSI EG 203 336: "Guide for the selection of technical parameters for the production of
Harmonised Standards covering article 3.1(b) and article 3.2 of Directive 2014/53/EU".
[i.5] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-6 (08/2015): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain".
[i.6] Commission Implementing Decision C(2015) 5376 final of 4.8.2015 on a standardisation request
to the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute as regards radio equipment in support of Directive
2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
[i.7] ITU Radio Regulations (2016).
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
active state: state producing the authorized emission
allocated band: frequency span that regionally or nationally is allocated to one or more radio services on a primary or
secondary basis
NOTE: A table of national frequency allocations are normally available from the radio authority for each national
state. Also a generic frequency allocation table is available in the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
declared band: band or bands within which the product under test is declared to operate in the applicable operating
modes
NOTE: The declared band for a given region or country is always contained within the allocated band.
idle/standby state: state where the transmitter is available for traffic, but is not in the active state
Minimum Detectable Signal (MDS): measure of the lowest detectable signal amplitude for a given signal type for a
given radar
NOTE: For solid state radars a processing gain can be associated with a received signal. This processing gain has
the effect of lowering the MDS level in comparison to a MDS which is based only on noise temperature.
necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at
the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions for a given class of emission
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the
mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission
NOTE 1: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
NOTE 2: Unless otherwise specified in an Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value
of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %.
ETSI
8 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
operating mode: predefined configuration for a given service accessible to the operator of the radar system
NOTE 1: Several operating modes may be available.
NOTE 2: Changing operating mode might affect the radio characteristics of the radar system.
Peak Envelope Power (PEP): average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one
radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
product configuration: hardware variant of the same typology of system under test (e.g. different power outputs,
magnetrons)
pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points
pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude
(voltage)
receiver selectivity: ability of a receiver to detect and decode a desired signal in the presence of an unwanted
interfering signal outside the B bandwidth
-40
simple pulse radar: radar using pulsed emissions but not using frequency, phase or power modulation
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
B -40 dB bandwidth
-40
B Chirp bandwidth
C
B Necessary bandwidth
N
B 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver
res
dB/dec dB per decade
dBpp dB with respect to peak power
D Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)
no spur
k Boltzmann's constant
NF Noise Factor of the system
sys
P Probability of detection
D
P Probability of false alarm
FA
P Pulse power of transmission
t
t Time
t Pulse duration
p
t Pulse rise time
r
T Temperature in Kelvin
T Pulse length (of individual chirp) in seconds
C
λ Wavelength
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
CS Coastal Surveillance
CW Continous Wave
dBm Power ratio expressed in decibels (dB) with reference to one milliwatt
dBW Power ratio expressed in decibels (dB) with reference to one Watt
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EM ElectroMagnetic
EN European Norm
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
FM Frequency Modulation
HR HaRbour
kW kiloWatt
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
MDS Minimum Detectable Signal
NA Not Applicable
OoB Out-of-Band
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PPI Plan Position Indicator (Display showing the radar video etc)
ppm part(s) per million
RF Radio Frequency
VTS Vessel Traffic Services
WG WaveGuide
4 Technical requirements specifications
4.1 Environmental profile
The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the
equipment, which shall be in accordance with its intended use, but as a minimum, shall be that specified in the test
conditions contained in the present document. The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the
present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile
defined by its intended use.
4.2 Conformance requirements
4.2.1 Transmitter requirements
4.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy
4.2.1.1.1 Definition
The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on
the pulse duration.
The frequency accuracy is the maximum permissible departure by the centre frequency of the frequency band occupied
by an emission from the assigned frequency or, by the characteristic frequency of an emission from the reference
frequency.
4.2.1.1.2 Limits
The frequency accuracy at the defined operating frequency for radars applying unmodulated pulses shall not exceed
1 250 ppm.
NOTE: This value is defined in appendix 2 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.7].
4.2.1.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.1.2.
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.1.2 Transmitter power
4.2.1.2.1 Definition
In the present document the transmitter power of a pulse radar is the peak value of the transmitter pulse power during
the transmission pulse (PEP) measured at the antenna flange (output port of the transmitter).
4.2.1.2.2 Limits
The transmitter power shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW).
4.2.1.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.2.2.
4.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth
4.2.1.3.1 Definition
The measured -40 dB bandwidth (B ) is the measured bandwidth of the emission 40 dB below the measured PEP.
-40
The measured -20 dB bandwidth (B ) is the measured bandwidth of the emission 20 dB below the measured PEP.
-20
4.2.1.3.2 Limits
For radar types using a modulated pulse the measured -40 dB bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely
within the declared band in all operating modes.
In case of multiple carrier-frequencies, all measured -40 dB emissions shall be contained within the declared band.
For magnetron radars the measured -20 dB bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely within the declared
band. In case of multiple carrier-frequencies magnetron radars, all measured -20 dB emissions shall be contained within
the declared band.
NOTE: Magnetron radars will not be able to fit the -40 dB bandwidth within the band due to the physical
properties of this technology and the requirements for the minimal operational performance.
4.2.1.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.3.2.
4.2.1.4 Out-of-band emissions
4.2.1.4.1 Definition
Out-of-Band emissions refer to emissions in the region between the calculated -40 dB bandwidth and the spurious
region (see definition of spurious region in clause 4.2.1.5.1).
The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the calculated -40 dB
bandwidth. Annex C contains the applicable formulae for calculating the -40 dB bandwidth.
For radars with multiple carrier frequencies, the overall emission mask is obtained by superimposing the emission
masks of each individual carrier frequency. An example can be seen in figure 1.
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Figure 1: Example of superimposed (combined) mask from two carrier frequencies
4.2.1.4.2 Limits
The limits for the OoB spectrum mask shall be as specified in annex 2 of ECC Recommendation (02)05 [1].
The Out-of-Band emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth (B ). The Out of Band mask rolls off at
-40
30 dB per decade, from the B bandwidth to the level specified for spurious emissions.
-40
For multi-frequency/frequency diversity and active array radars spurious emission limits shall be 43 + 10log (PEP) or
60 dB (whichever is less stringent) as specified in table 15 of ERC Recommendation 74-01 [2] and in table 1.
pp
Table 1: Limits for unwanted emissions for multiple frequency and active arrays
Frequency offset Limit Slope
relative to B dB dB/decade
pp
-40
0,5 to 2,3 -40 to -43 - 10 × log(PEP) / -60 (see note) -30
NOTE: From -40 to -43 - 10 × log(PEP) or -60 whichever is less stringent.

For all other radar systems spurious emission limits shall be -30 dBm or 100 dB (whichever is less stringent) as
pp
specified in table 15 of ERC Recommendation 74-01 [2] and in table 2.
Table 2: Limits for unwanted emissions for all other radar systems
Frequency offset Limit Slope
relative to B dBpp dB/decade
-40
0,5 to 5 -40 to -70 dB -30
5 to 15,8 -70 to -100 dB / -30 dBm (see note) -60
NOTE: From -70 to -100 dB or -30 dBm whichever is less stringent.

Example of the unwanted emission mask per table 2 is shown in figure 2.
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
,
Center frequency
Frequency relative to B
-40
Figure 2: Out-of-Band emission limit masks
4.2.1.4.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.4.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.4.2.
4.2.1.5 Spurious emissions
4.2.1.5.1 Definition
Spurious emissions are unwanted emissions in the spurious domain. For active transmitters, the spurious domain is all
frequencies outside the OoB domain as shown in figure 3.
They include:
• harmonic emissions (whole multiples of the operating frequency);
• parasitic emissions (independent, accidentally);
• intermodulation (between oscillator- and operation frequency or between oscillator and harmonics);
• emissions caused by frequency conversions.
The boundaries between OoB domain and the spurious domain are where the OoB limit mask specified in ECC
Recommendation (02)05 [1], annex 2 reaches the spurious emission limit specified in table 15 of ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2], annex 5. This is illustrated in figure 3.
ETSI
dB [dB]
pp
13 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)

Figure 3: Definition of OoB and spurious emission domains (not to scale)
4.2.1.5.2 Limits
For radar systems, the spurious emissions limits are related to the PEP and shall be as specified in ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2], annex 5 and also shown in table 3.
Table 3: Limits for spurious emissions
Radar type Spurious emission limits
Multi-frequency and active array -43 - 10 × log(PEP) dB or -60 dB (see notes 1 and 2)
Other types of fixed stations -100 dB or -30 dBm (see note 1)
NOTE 1: Whichever is less stringent.
NOTE 2: PEP is measured in Watts in the reference bandwidth of 1 MHz.

NOTE: A reference bandwidth of 1 MHz is recommended for frequencies above 1 GHz as in ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2].
4.2.1.5.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.5.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.5.2.
4.2.1.6 Stand-by Mode Emissions
4.2.1.6.1 Definition
The idle/standby state is defined as the state where the transmitter is available for operation but is not in the active state.
The receiver shall be activated.
The stand-by mode output power is defined as the power output at the antenna flange in the spurious region.
For the stand-by mode the limits between OoB and spurious regions are considered the same as calculated for the active
state.
ETSI
14 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.1.6.2 Limits
The standby mode emissions shall be not greater than -47 dBm above 1 GHz as specified in table 15 of annex 5 of ERC
Recommendation 74-01 [2].
The radars covered by the present document use WR90 waveguides to transfer power between the transmitter and the
antenna and the waveguide cut-off frequency is 6 556 MHz. Therefore, measurements below this frequency do not
provide valid results since the waveguide is unable to support power transfer along its length below the cut-off
frequency.
4.2.1.6.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.1.6.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.1.6.2.
4.2.2 Receiver requirements
4.2.2.1 System Noise Figure
4.2.2.1.1 Definition
The system noise figure measures the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio, caused by components in the
radio-frequency signal chain.
4.2.2.1.2 Limits
The maximum system Noise Figure shall be 6 dB.
4.2.2.1.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.1.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.2.2 Receiver Selectivity
4.2.2.2.1 Definition
The receiver selectivity is the ability of a receiver to reject interfering signals outside the B bandwidth.
-40
NOTE: Signals inside the B bandwidth are not considered as interfering signals because they fall into the
-40
desired frequency range for the reception of wanted signals.
4.2.2.2.2 Limit
The receiver selectivity characteristic of the radar receiver shall correspond to the requirements for the spectrum of the
emitted signal as specified in clause 4.2.1.4.
The receiver input shall be subjected to a disturbing signal swept over the frequency ranges from WG cut-off to the
lower edge of the -40 dB bandwidth and from the higher edge of the -40 dB bandwidth to 26 GHz.
The disturbing signal level shall start at the Minimum Detectable Signal (MDS) level from the -40 dB bandwidth edges
of the radar emissions. Then the disturbing signal level shall rise with 30 dB/decade until it reaches the maximum level
6 dB below receiver compression point but not higher than -30 dBm.
The detailed derivation of the receiver Out-of-Band selectivity curve is described in clause 5.2.2.2.
ETSI
15 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
4.2.2.2.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.2.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.2.2 and clause 5.2.2.2.
4.2.2.3 Receiver Compression Level
4.2.2.3.1 Definition
The compression level is defined as when one of the receiver stages becomes non-linear thereby causing distortion and
other non-linear effects that prevent proper operation of the receiver.
The receiver input compression level is defined as when the receiver output is 1 dB into compression as shown in
figure 4.
Figure 4: Receiver 1 dB compression point
4.2.2.3.2 Limit
The input of the radar shall be able to handle signal levels up to at least -35 dBm (measured at the waveguide flange)
with no more than 1 dB compression of the signal, refer to figure 4. The measurement of compression signal level shall
be done at the output of the A/D driver amplifier (analog) or by data analysis at the output of the A/D converter
(digital).
NOTE: A high compression level corresponds to high immunity against blocking.
4.2.2.3.3 Conformance
The conformance tests are specified in clause 5.2.2.3.
The results obtained shall not exceed the limits specified in clause 4.2.2.3.2.
ETSI
16 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements
5.0 General requirements
The manufacturer shall ensure that all operating modes and product configurations are in compliance with the technical
requirements in the present document.
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing
5.1.1 Test Conditions
All tests shall take place under the test conditions specified in clause 5.1.2 and clause 5.1.3.
5.1.2 Normal temperature and humidity
The temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be a combination of temperature and humidity within the
following ranges:
o o
a) temperature: +15 C to +35 C;
b) relative humidity: not exceeding 75 %.
5.1.3 Normal test power supply
The test voltage for equipment to be connected to an AC supply shall be the nominal mains voltage declared by the
manufacturer -10 % to +10 %. For the purpose of the present document, the nominal voltage shall be the declared
voltage or each of the declared voltages for which the equipment is indicated as having been designed. The frequency of
the test voltage shall be 50 Hz ± 1 Hz.
5.2 Radio test suites
5.2.1 Transmitter test specification
5.2.1.1 Frequency Accuracy
In order to measure the frequency accuracy for unmodulated pulse radars the measurement is done on the antenna
interface. The antenna shall be replaced by a suitable adapter to adapt the rotary joint to a waveguide with a plane
flange. On that flange a directional coupler will be mounted with its main port terminated by a matching dummy load.
The coupled port shall have an adequate attenuation within the whole frequency band 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz (at
least 400 MHz outside edges of the declared bands) in order to protect the measurement equipment.
When measuring the frequency accuracy for radars with a phase or frequency modulated pulse the accuracy shall be
measured on the frequency reference(s) used for generating the radar output signal. If frequency multiplication in the
process of generating the output signal is used, then the required frequency accuracy shall be divided by the used
multiplication factor.
The transmitter frequency (or the frequency reference(s)) shall be measured using a frequency counter. The test setup
for the frequency accuracy measurement can be found in annex B.
5.2.1.2 Transmitter power
The antenna shall be replaced by a suitable adapter to adapt the rotary joint to a waveguide with a plane flange. On that
flange a directional coupler is mounted with its main port terminated by a matching dummy load (see figure B.1). The
coupled port shall have a sufficient attenuation within the whole frequency band 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz to avoid
saturation of the measurement equipment.
ETSI
17 ETSI EN 303 135 V2.2.1 (2020-11)
The radar shall be setup to provide constant maximum output power independently from the azimuth.
Measurement setup shall be as described in annex B.
To determine the Peak Envelope Power (PEP) of the pulse a suitable pulse power meter with direct reading of the
transmitter pulse power shall be used.
To reference the indicated transmitter power to the transmitter output flange the coupling factor has to be taken into
account.
NOTE: Either the power meter allows already for compensation of the coupling loss, or the coupling loss is added
to the meter reading.
5.2.1.3 Measured Bandwidth
The measurements of the bandwidth (B or, for magnetron radars, B ) shall be performed with the same settings as
-40 -20
in clause 5.2.1.4.
The bandwidth of the emissions 40 dB below PEP (or 20 dB below PEP for magnetron radars) shall be measured.
Measurement setup shall be as described in annex B.
5.2.1.4 Out-of-Band-emissions
The so-called indirect method as specified in clause 6 of annex 2 of Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 [3] shall be
applied for the measurement of unwanted emissions of radar systems. At first the transmitter output spectrum is
measured with removed antenna at the output port of the transmitter as illustrated in figure B.1.
To obtain a sufficient dynamic range the radar signal may need to be suppressed by e.g. additional notch-filter.
For multi-frequency and active array radars the Out-of-Band power emission shall be measured in the frequency bands
given in table 4.
For all other radar systems the Out-of-Band power emis
...