SIST EN 459-1:2015

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gradbeno apno - 1. del: Definicije, zahteve in merila skladnostiBaukalk - Teil 1: Begriffe, Anforderungen und KonformitätskriterienChaux de construction - Partie 1 : Définitions, spécifications et critères de conformitéBuilding lime - Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria91.100.10Cement. Mavec. Apno. MaltaCement. Gypsum. Lime. MortarICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 459-1:2015SIST EN 459-1:2015en,fr,de01-julij-2015SIST EN 459-1:2015SLOVENSKI
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SIST EN 459-1:2015



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 459-1
April 2015 ICS 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 459-1:2010English Version
Building lime - Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria
Chaux de construction - Partie 1 : Définitions, spécifications et critères de conformité
Baukalk - Teil 1: Begriffe, Anforderungen und Konformitätskriterien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 February 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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EN 459-1:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Air lime .6 4.1 General .6 4.2 Sub-families of air lime .7 4.3 Forms of air lime .7 4.4 Calcium lime .7 4.5 Dolomitic lime . 13 5 Lime with hydraulic properties . 18 5.1 General . 18 5.2 Sub-families of lime with hydraulic properties . 18 5.3 Natural hydraulic lime . 19 5.4 Formulated lime . 20 5.5 Hydraulic lime . 23 5.6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance of natural hydraulic lime, formulated lime and hydraulic lime . 25 5.7 Standard designation of lime with hydraulic properties . 28 Annex A (normative)
Statistical evaluation methods for strength,
physical and chemical properties . 29 A.1 Statistical conformity criteria . 29 A.2 Single result conformity criteria . 31 Annex B (informative)
Additional properties for building lime . 36 Annex C (informative)
Schematic diagram for the types of lime and fields of application . 38 Annex D (normative)
Declaration of composition for formulated lime . 39 D.1 Main constituents content to be declared by the producer . 39 D.2 Minor constituents . 39 D.3 Additives . 39 D.4 Declaration of composition . 39 D.5 Standard designation . 40 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Product Regulation . 41 Bibliography . 51
SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 459-1:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 459-1:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. For relationship with Regulation (EU) No. 305/2011, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 459, Building lime, consists of the following parts: — Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria; — Part 2: Test methods; — Part 3: Conformity evaluation. The requirements in EN 459-1 are based on the results of tests on building lime determined in accordance with EN 459-2.
Annexes A and D are normative, Annexes B, C and ZA are informative. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 4 Introduction The revision of this European Standard for building lime was initiated by Decision 4 taken by CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes” in 2013. Different sources of raw materials and different climatic conditions have led to different developments in building construction and civil engineering practices and materials and therefore to different kinds of building lime in different regions of Europe. The inclusion of a wider range of building lime which exists in Europe has made it necessary to establish a number of classes. The previous national standards for building lime generally also formed the basis for different areas of application (see Annex C (informative)). The classification chosen therefore also takes into consideration these circumstances as far as possible. For a better understanding, the standard makes a clear distinction between air lime (Clause 4) and lime with hydraulic properties (Clause 5). Depending on the composition and characteristics of the products, each clause is then divided into sub-paragraphs (calcium lime and dolomitic lime for air lime; natural hydraulic lime, formulated lime and hydraulic lime for lime with hydraulic properties) containing the appropriate definitions, specifications and conformity criteria. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to building lime used for: — preparation of binder for mortar (for example for masonry, rendering and plastering); — production of other construction products (for example calcium silicate bricks, autoclaved aerated concrete, concrete, etc.); — civil engineering applications (for example soil treatment, asphalt mixtures, etc.). It gives definitions for the different types of building lime and their classification. It also gives requirements for their chemical and physical properties which depend on the type of building lime and specifies the conformity criteria. Terms of delivery or other contractual conditions, normally included in documents exchanged between the supplier and the purchaser of building lime, are outside the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 197-1, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 459-2:2010, Building lime — Part 2: Test methods EN 459-3:2015, Building lime — Part 3: Conformity evaluation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply. NOTE See also Annex C. 3.1 lime calcium oxide and/or hydroxide, and calcium-magnesium oxide and/or hydroxide produced by the thermal decomposition (calcination) of naturally occurring calcium carbonate (for example limestone, chalk, shells) or naturally occurring calcium magnesium carbonate (for example dolomitic limestone, dolomite) 3.2 building lime group of lime products, exclusively consisting of two families: air lime and lime with hydraulic properties, used in applications or materials for construction, building and civil engineering 3.3 air lime1) lime (see 3.1) which combines and hardens with carbon dioxide present in air Note 1 to entry: Air lime has no hydraulic properties. Air lime is divided into two sub-families, calcium lime (CL) and dolomitic lime (DL).
1) Translation of a term used in most European countries. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 6 3.4 lime with hydraulic properties building lime (see 3.2) consisting mainly of calcium hydroxide, calcium silicates and calcium aluminates Note 1 to entry: It has the property of setting and hardening when mixed with water and/or under water. Reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide is part of the hardening process. Lime with hydraulic properties is divided into three sub-families, natural hydraulic lime (NHL), formulated lime (FL) and hydraulic lime (HL). 3.5 allowable probability of acceptance CR for a given sampling plan, allowed probability of acceptance of building lime with a characteristic value outside the specified characteristic value 3.6 sampling plan specific plan which states the (statistical) sample size(s) to be used, the percentile Pk and the allowable probability of acceptance CR 3.7 characteristic value value of a required property outside which lies a specified percentage, the percentile Pk, of all the values of the population 3.8 specified characteristic value characteristic value of a strength, physical or chemical property which in the case of an upper limit is not to be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached 3.9 single result limit value value of a strength, physical or chemical property which − for any single test result − in the case of an upper limit is not be exceeded or in the case of a lower limit is, as a minimum, to be reached 3.10 spot sample sample taken at the same time and from one and the same place, relating to the intended tests Note 1 to entry: It can be obtained by combining one or more immediately consecutive increments (see EN 459–2). 3.11 autocontrol testing continual testing by the manufacturer of building lime spot samples taken at the point(s) of release from the factory/depot 3.12 control period period of production and dispatch identified for the evaluation of the autocontrol test results 4 Air lime 4.1 General Air lime is used for the preparation or the production of materials used in building construction as well as in civil engineering. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 7 Air lime (see 3.3) when appropriately batched and mixed with water, forms a paste that improves the workability (values of flow and penetration) and water retention of mortars. The carbonation of hydrates in contact with atmospheric carbon dioxide forms calcium carbonate which develops strength and contributes to the durability of mortars containing building lime (hence the name of air lime). Sub-families and forms of air lime are given in 4.2 and 4.3 respectively. 4.2 Sub-families of air lime 4.2.1 Calcium lime (CL) Calcium lime is an air lime consisting mainly of calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide without any hydraulic or pozzolanic addition. 4.2.2 Dolomitic lime (DL) Dolomitic lime is an air lime consisting mainly of calcium magnesium oxide and/or calcium magnesium hydroxide without any hydraulic or pozzolanic addition. 4.3 Forms of air lime 4.3.1 Quicklime (Q) Quicklime is an air lime mainly in the oxide form which reacts exothermically on contact with water. Quicklime is available in a range of sizes from lump to powder. 4.3.2 Hydrated lime (S, S PL or S ML) Hydrated lime is an air lime mainly in the hydroxide form produced by the controlled slaking of quicklime. Hydrated lime is available as: — powder (S); — putty (S PL); or — slurry or milk of lime (S ML). Dolomitic lime is also produced as semi-hydrated dolomitic lime (S1), mainly consisting of calcium hydroxide and magnesium oxide. 4.4 Calcium lime 4.4.1 Classification of calcium lime Calcium lime shall be classified according to the notation given in Table 1 and its total (CaO + MgO) content in accordance with Table 2. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 8 Table 1 — Types of calcium lime a Designation Notation Calcium lime 90 CL 90 Calcium lime 80 CL 80 Calcium lime 70 CL 70 a In addition, calcium lime is classified according to the form of the product, quicklime (Q), hydrated lime (S), lime putty (S PL) or milk of lime (S ML).
Conformity with this classification is assessed by means of statistical quality control as described in Annex A of this European Standard. 4.4.2 Chemical requirements for calcium lime The properties of the type of calcium lime shown in Table 2 determined in accordance with EN 459-2 shall conform to the requirements in that table. All types of calcium lime listed in Table 2 may contain additives in small quantities to improve the manufacture or properties of calcium lime. When the total content exceeds 0,1 %, the actual types and amounts shall be declared. Table 2 — Chemical requirements of calcium lime given as characteristic values Type of calcium lime Values given as mass fraction in percent CaO + MgO MgOa CO2b SO3 Available limec CL 90 ≥ 90 ≤ 5 ≤ 4 ≤ 2 ≥ 80 CL 80 ≥ 80 ≤ 5 ≤ 7 ≤ 2 ≥ 65 CL 70 ≥ 70 ≤ 5 ≤ 12 ≤ 2 ≥ 55 The values for CaO + MgO, MgO, CO2 and SO3 are applicable to all forms of calcium lime. For quicklime these values correspond to the finished product; for all other forms of lime (hydrated lime, lime putty and milk of lime) the values are based on the product after subtraction of its free water and bound water content. The values for available lime (calcium oxide for quicklime, calcium hydroxide for hydrated lime) refer to the product when tested in accordance with EN 459–2. a MgO content up to 7 % is permitted if the soundness test in accordance with EN 459–2 is passed. b A higher content of CO2 is permitted, if all other chemical requirements in Table 2 are satisfied and the test frequency satisfies the requirements in Table 7. c Higher values of available lime may be requested.
4.4.3 Physical requirements and other physical properties for quicklime The physical properties of the type of quicklime shown in Table 3 and Table 4 determined in accordance with EN 459-2 shall conform to the requirements in those tables. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 9 Table 3 — Physical requirements of quicklime Type of quicklime Soundness after slaking in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, 6.4.4a CL 90 Pass CL 80 CL 70 a Slaking according to the instructions of the lime producer.
Table 4 — Reactivity (R) of quicklime given as characteristic values Type of quicklime Reactivity (time in min), in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, 6.6 R5 R 4 R3 R2 Rsv CL 90 t60 < 10 t60 < 25 — — other specified value or no requirement CL 80 t60 < 10 t60 < 25 t50 < 25 — CL 70 — — — t40 < 25
The particle size distribution of all types of quicklime shown in Table 1 shall conform to the requirements in Table 5 and shall be determined in accordance with EN 459-2. Table 5 — Particle size distribution (P) of quicklime given as characteristic values Sieve size Particle size distributiona (mass fraction passing the sieve in percent),
in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, Clause 6 P4 P3 P2 P1 Psv 10 mm 100 — — — other specified value or no requirement 5 mm ≥ 95 100 100 — 2 mm — ≥ 95 ≥ 95 100 0,2 mm — — ≥ 70 ≥ 95 0,09 mm — ≥ 30 ≥ 50 ≥ 85 a Particle size ≥ 2 mm shall be determined by dry sieving in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, 6.1 and particle size < 2 mm by air-jet sieving in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, 6.2.
4.4.4 Physical requirements and other physical properties for hydrated lime and lime putty The physical properties of hydrated lime and lime putty of the type shown in Table 6 determined in accordance with EN 459-2 shall conform to the requirements in that table. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 10 Table 6 — Physical requirements of hydrated calcium lime and lime puttya, given as characteristic values Type of hydratedcalcium lime Particle sizeb Free water contentc Soundnessd, e Mortar testsb, f For hydrated limes Lime putty Penetration Air content % residue by mass Reference method Alternative method 0,09 mmg 0,2 mm % mm mm mm % CL 90 ≤ 7 ≤ 2 ≤ 2 ≤ 2 ≤ 20 Pass > 10 and < 50 ≤ 12 CL 80 CL 70 a Particle size and free water content apply to hydrated calcium lime for all applications. Soundness, penetration and air content apply only to hydrated calcium lime for masonry mortar, plastering and rendering. b Not for lime putty. c Not for lime putty. The free water content of lime putty is normally between 45 % and 70 %. d Tested in accordance with EN 459–2:2010, 6.4. e Hydrated calcium lime which includes particles larger than 0,2 mm shall satisfy the requirements of the soundness test for hydrated calcium limes with grains larger than 0,2 mm in EN 459–2. f Tested in accordance with the test on standard mortar in EN 459–2. g A residue on 0,09 mm sieve up to 15 % is permitted as long as the soundness test given in EN 459–2:2010, 6.4.2 is passed.
4.4.5 Additional properties Other properties may be subject either to requirements in application standards dealing with the use of calcium lime or to requests from the user. These properties are given in informative Annex B. 4.4.6 Durability requirements The choice of calcium lime, particularly as regards types for different applications and exposure conditions shall follow the appropriate European or national application standards and/or regulations valid in the place of use. 4.4.7 Dangerous substances National regulations on dangerous substances may require verification and declaration on release, and sometimes content, when construction products covered by this standard are placed on those markets. In the absence of European harmonized test methods, verification and declaration on release/content should be done taking into account national provisions in the place of use. NOTE An informative database covering European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction website on EUROPA accessed through: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/cpd-ds/. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 11 4.4.8 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance of calcium lime 4.4.8.1 General requirements Conformity of calcium lime to this European Standard shall be continuously evaluated on the basis of testing of spot samples. The properties to be tested for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for each type of calcium lime detailed in Table 1 are specified in Table 7. The declaration of performance by the manufacturer, shall be based on the assessment and verification of constancy of performance of building lime with this European Standard according to the scheme specified in EN 459-3. Requirements for the declaration of performance which the manufacturer should make available under the CE marking procedure are established in Annex ZA. 4.4.8.2 Conformity requirements Sampling shall take place at the point of release of the building lime. Conformity of calcium lime with the requirements concerning chemical and physical properties in this European Standard is assumed if the requirements in Tables 2 to 6 inclusive are met. The requirements in these tables shall be taken as absolute values. The evaluation procedure depends on the frequency of testing during the control period of 12 months. If the number of samples is at least one per week, the evaluation may be statistical (characteristic values) (see Annex A). Statistical evaluation is normally carried out by attributes (see Table 7 and A.1.3). If the data are normally distributed, the evaluation may be made by variables (see Table 7 and A.1.2). NOTE This standard does not deal with acceptance inspection at delivery. Table 7 — Properties, test methods and minimum testing frequencies a for the autocontrol testing by the manufacturer Property Form of calcium limeb Test method to be usedc Minimum frequency of testing by manufacturer Autocontrol testing Regulard (see 4.4.7.2) Product type determinationl Inspection by variablesh Inspection by attributesj 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Particle size Quicklime EN 459–2 1/week 2/week X
Hydrated limem 1/day 2/day X
Soundness Quicklimee Hydrated lime 1/dayg 2/day
X Lime putty 1/week 2/week
X Penetration/ Water demand Hydrated lime 2/year 1/month
X Air content Hydrated limek 2/year 1/month
X CaO + MgO, MgOf Quicklime Hydrated lime Lime putty
1/week 2/week
X SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 12 Property Form of calcium limeb Test method to be usedc Minimum frequency of testing by manufacturer Autocontrol testing Regulard (see 4.4.7.2) Product type determinationl Inspection by variablesh Inspection by attributesj 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CO2f, n Quicklime Hydrated lime Lime putty
1/week 2/week
X SO3 Quicklime Hydrated lime Lime putty
1/month 2/month
X Available limef, o Quicklime Hydrated lime Lime putty
1/week 2/week
X Free water Hydrated lime Lime putty
1/month 2/month
X Reactivity Quicklime
1/week 2/week
X a The methods used to take and prepare samples shall be in accordance with EN 459–2. Tests may be carried out at any time between production and dispatch. The producer shall ensure that the requirements are met at the time of dispatch. b See 4.3 and Table 1. c Any other methods may be used provided they are calibrated, either against the reference methods or against internationally accepted reference materials, in order to demonstrate their equivalence. d The control period for conformity evaluation is 12 months. e After slaking (see Table 3, Footnote a). f If the test frequency of CaO + MgO and CO2 is higher than the required frequency (e.g. CaO + MgO > 1/week and CO2 > 1/week) then the test frequency of available lime may be reduced to twice per year. If the test frequency of available lime and CO2 is higher than the required frequency (e.g. available lime > 1/week and CO2 > 1/week) then the test frequency of CaO + MgO may be reduced to twice per year. g For hydrated lime: If 30 consecutive test results are less than 10 % of the required value then the test frequency may be reduced to once per month. If any single result is higher than 10 % of the required value then return to daily testing. For quicklime: If 30 consecutive test results meet the requirement, then the test frequency may be reduced to once per month. If any single result fails the requirement, then return to daily testing. h If the data are not normally distributed the evaluation shall be made by attributes. j If the number of samples taken during the control period is at least one per week the evaluation may be made by variables. k For lime without additives this test is required only for product type determination. l See EN 459–3:2015, 4.4. m See Table 6, Footnote g. n See Table 2, Footnote b. o See Table 2, Footnote c.
4.4.9 Standard designation of calcium lime Calcium lime shall be identified by its notation specified in Table 1, by the form of the product given in 4.3 and for quicklime by the physical requirements given in 4.4.3 (see examples below). SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 13 EXAMPLE 1 Calcium lime 90 in the form of quicklime, reactivity R5 and particle size distribution P1, is identified by: EN 459–1 CL 90-Q (R5, P1) EXAMPLE 2 Calcium lime 80 in the form of quicklime, reactivity Rsv (other specified value or no requirement) and particle size distribution P4, is identified by: EN 459–1 CL 80-Q (Rsv, P4) EXAMPLE 3 Calcium lime 80 in the form of hydrated lime is identified by: EN 459–1 CL 80-S EXAMPLE 4 Calcium lime 90 in the form of lime putty is identified by: EN 459–1 CL 90-S PL EXAMPLE 5 Calcium lime 90 in the form of milk of lime is identified by: EN 459–1 CL 90-S ML 4.5 Dolomitic lime 4.5.1 Classification of dolomitic lime Dolomitic lime shall be classified according to the notation given in Table 8 and its total (CaO + MgO) content in accordance with Table 9. Table 8 — Types of dolomitic lime a Designation Notation Dolomitic lime 90–30 DL 90–30 Dolomitic lime 90–5 DL 90–5 Dolomitic lime 85–30 DL 85–30 Dolomitic lime 80–5 DL 80–5 a In addition, dolomitic lime is classified according to the form of the product, quicklime (Q) or hydrated lime (S). Semi hydrated dolomitic lime is classified as (S1).
Conformity with this classification is assessed by means of statistical quality control as described in Annex A of this European Standard. 4.5.2 Chemical requirements for dolomitic lime The properties of the type of dolomitic lime shown in Table 9 determined in accordance with EN 459-2 shall conform to the requirements in that table. All types of dolomitic lime listed in Table 9 may contain additives in small quantities to improve the manufacture or properties of dolomitic lime. When the total content exceeds 0,1 %, the actual types and amounts shall be declared. SIST EN 459-1:2015



EN 459-1:2015 (E) 14 Table 9 — Chemical requirements of dolomitic lime given as characteristic values Type of dolomitic lime Values given as mass fraction in percent CaO + MgO MgO CO2 SO3 DL 90–30 ≥ 90 ≥ 30 ≤ 6 ≤ 2 DL 90–5 ≥ 90 > 5 ≤ 6 ≤ 2 DL 85–30 ≥ 85 ≥ 30 ≤ 9 ≤ 2 DL 80–5 ≥ 80 > 5 ≤ 9 ≤ 2 NOTE The values are applicable to all kinds of dolomitic lime. For dolomitic quicklime these values correspond to the finished product; for hydrated dolomitic lime the values are
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