Plywood - Classification by surface appearance - Part 1: General

This document establishes general rules for the classification of plywood by its surface appearance. It concerns plywood made of hardwood including tropical and temperate hardwood, softwood and plywood derived from other lignocellulosic materials. It does not apply to overlaid plywood.

Contreplaqué — Classification selon l'aspect des faces — Partie 1: Généralités

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
06-Apr-2020
Technical Committee
ISO/TC 89/SC 3 - Plywood
Drafting Committee
ISO/TC 89/SC 3 - Plywood
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
16-Dec-2025
Completion Date
27-Dec-2025

Relations

Effective Date
15-Dec-2017

Overview

ISO 2426-1:2020 is an international standard that establishes general rules for classifying plywood by its surface appearance. Applicable to plywood made from hardwood-including tropical and temperate varieties-softwood, and other lignocellulosic materials, this standard does not cover overlaid plywood. The document provides a systematic framework to assess plywood surfaces according to natural wood characteristics and manufacturing defects, ensuring consistent quality and aiding in product specification and quality control.

Key Topics

  • Appearance Classification System: Defines five surface appearance classes labeled E, I, II, III, and IV based on the number and extent of wood characteristics and defects.
  • Characteristics Inherent in Wood: Covers natural features such as pin knots, sound and unsound knots, knot holes, splits, checks, insect damage (worm holes, marine borer holes), resin pockets, irregular grain patterns (curly, interlocked, spiral), discolorations, and fungal decay.
  • Manufacturing Defects: Includes open joints, overlaps, blisters, surface roughness, sanding through, glue penetration, foreign particle inclusions, repairs (patches, shims, synthetic fillers), and edge defects like sanding or missing wood.
  • Rules for Classification: Specifies permissible limits for size, number, and extent of characteristics and defects per square meter of panel surface (or per meter width for some defects). It emphasizes well-made veneer joints, proper color and grain matching for outer plies, and conditions for repair quality.
  • Surface Appearance Evaluation: Establishes that plywood classification depends on the appearance class of both the face and back surfaces. Detailed criteria for hardwood and softwood plywood classification are referenced in ISO 2426-2 and ISO 2426-3 respectively.

Applications

  • Quality Control and Inspection: Manufacturers and inspectors use ISO 2426-1:2020 to systematically evaluate plywood surface quality, ensuring compliance with defined appearance classes and defect tolerances.
  • Product Specification: Architects, designers, and buyers specify plywood grades based on surface appearance classes, matching project requirements for aesthetic and functional applications.
  • Supply Chain Communication: Standardized classification improves communication between suppliers, manufacturers, and clients by providing a common language for plywood surface quality.
  • Furniture and Joinery Industries: Helps in selecting plywood grades suited for visible applications where surface appearance impacts the final product quality.
  • Construction and Panel Manufacturing: Enables selection of plywood grades according to structural and appearance needs, supporting optimal use of resources and minimizing waste.

Related Standards

  • ISO 2426-2:2020 – Plywood - Classification by surface appearance - Part 2: Hardwood
    Detailed rules for classification specific to hardwood plywood surfaces.
  • ISO 2426-3:2020 – Plywood - Classification by surface appearance - Part 3: Softwood
    Classification requirements tailored for softwood plywood surfaces.
  • ISO 2426 series
    A comprehensive set of standards covering the classification of plywood surface appearance across wood types, facilitating consistent grading worldwide.

ISO 2426-1:2020 plays a critical role in harmonizing plywood surface quality assessment, contributing to better product reliability, optimized manufacturing, and informed consumer choice in the wood panel industry.

Standard

ISO 2426-1:2020 - Plywood — Classification by surface appearance — Part 1: General Released:4/7/2020

English language
4 pages
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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 2426-1:2020 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Plywood - Classification by surface appearance - Part 1: General". This standard covers: This document establishes general rules for the classification of plywood by its surface appearance. It concerns plywood made of hardwood including tropical and temperate hardwood, softwood and plywood derived from other lignocellulosic materials. It does not apply to overlaid plywood.

This document establishes general rules for the classification of plywood by its surface appearance. It concerns plywood made of hardwood including tropical and temperate hardwood, softwood and plywood derived from other lignocellulosic materials. It does not apply to overlaid plywood.

ISO 2426-1:2020 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 79.060.10 - Plywood. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 2426-1:2020 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 2426-1:2000. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ISO 2426-1:2020 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2426-1
Second edition
2020-04
Plywood — Classification by surface
appearance —
Part 1:
General
Contreplaqué — Classification selon l'aspect des faces —
Partie 1: Généralités
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

Contents  Page
Foreword .iv
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
4  Classification by surface appearance . 1
4.1 Classes . 1
4.2 Characteristics and defects taken into consideration . 1
4.2.1 Determination of appearance class . 1
4.2.2 Characteristics inherent in wood . 1
4.2.3 Manufacturing defects . 2
4.3 Classification by appearance of panels . 3
5  Rules for classification . 3
5.1 Classification for hardwood and softwood . 3
5.2 Conditions of admissibility for inherent characteristics of wood, and
manufacturing defects . 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Joints . 4
5.2.3 Inclusions . 4
5.2.4 Repairs . 4
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
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For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 89, Wood-based panels, Subcommittee
SC 3, Plywood.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 2426-1:2000), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— In the scope it is precised that, this document concerns plywood made of hardwood including tropic
...

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