ISO 18828-5:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18828-5
First edition
2019-01
Industrial automation systems
and integration — Standardized
procedures for production systems
engineering —
Part 5:
Manufacturing change management
Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Procédures
normalisées pour l'ingénierie des systèmes de production —
Partie 5: Gestion du changement de fabrication
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Process-oriented view of manufacturing change management . 4
6 Detailed description of process 0 . 5
7 Detailed description of process 1 . 6
8 Detailed description of process 11 . 6
9 Detailed description of process 12 . 8
10 Detailed description of process 2 . 9
11 Manufacturing change management roles .10
12 Data-oriented view of manufacturing change management .12
Annex A (informative) Deviation of current states of real system and planning .16
Annex B (informative) Detailed processes of MCM (IDEF3) .17
Annex C (informative) Connection of process and data of MCM .25
Annex D (informative) Sequence diagrams (UML) .28
Bibliography .30
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
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For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 4, Industrial data.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18828 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
An increasingly dynamic business environment and the rapid changeover from a buyer’s to a seller’s
market have gradually been increasing the complexity that companies are facing over the course of
their product creation processes. Shortening product lifecycles, the extension of planning extents
across global planning networks and an unwaveringly high expectation of process stability and quality
have all turned change management within the product creation process into a vital success factor
for internationally active manufacturers. In some of their departments, such as product development
and the associated product data management, manufacturers have already begun responding to these
developments by establishing sophisticated and technically supported processes that provide change-
driven management within the product development process. However, this coordination and structural
mapping of product changes [better known as engineering change management (ECM)] covers only
a part of the relevant change processes occurring in digital product creation. Although ISO 10303,
ISO 15531, ISO 19439 and IEC 62264 offer several data models, the current context of this document
focuses on the area of production planning. Heterogeneous information technology (IT) systems and
data models are common use due to the high amount of variations in the planning process. The data
scheme in this document offers a generic method to structure the data and to present basic object types
in order to implement manufacturing change management. In practice, the product systems required
for the manufacturing and assembling of the products are likewise subject to many different changes.
Some of these changes are preplanned and they are implemented specifically to achieve efficiency
increases. Other changes, however, are subject to processes that are less structured or planned, which
means that their practical repercussions and follow-up measures often cannot be adequately predicted.
Typical for all of these types of change measures is the fact that the production system’s applicable
documentation and the actual state of production are temporarily or permanently inconsistent with
each other, i.e. they are asynchronous (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 — Context of manufacturing change management
The applicable documentation for the creation, the commissioning and the operation of production
systems is provided by the planning documentation. At the start of production, the documents and
definitions of the planning departments serve as a reference for everything. Subsequently, some new
measures typically emerge that are more practical than the originally planned ones, and they are the
ones that are ultimately implemented. Figure A.1 provides an example of how a system’s actual state can
deviate from the planned state over time. There are many different ways in which deviations from the
planned state can occur. For example, ongoing improvements to the process often reduce the base time
required for completing the process, thereby directly increasing its efficiency. Of course, there can also
be entirely different adjustments, e.g. pertaining to ergonomics or machining capacities. These cannot be
visually mapped and evaluated as easily. In addition, the triggers for changes can vary considerably and
they can be identified and suggested by a wide variety of parties. Starting when the initial production
process is implemented, the many changes that are introduced subsequently represent the actual
manufacturing process at any given time. In the context of holistic production systems, the adaptability
of manufacturing processes is crucial to competitiveness. Across-the-board efficiency increases are
usually demanded on a yearly basis, creating a strong need for streamlining. In order to permanently
adapt and optimize the process, the planning documentation necessarily deviates from the actual state
of the production system sooner or later, i.e. all producers experience their manufacturing processes
deviating from the original planning to some degree. However, in order to test, evaluate and reach the
goals set in terms of quality, time required and cost-effectiveness, the planning needs to be constantly
compared to the actual state. Any changes to the manufacturing process and planning take place over
the course of an iterative process requiring the agreement of numerous participants.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18828-5:2019(E)
Industrial automation systems and integration —
Standardized procedures for production systems
engineering —
Part 5:
Manufacturing change management
1 Scope
This document specifies a formal description of the manufacturing change management (MCM)
processes to provide an organizational and technical solution for the comprehensive mapping and
processing of changes between production planning and operations. The aim of this document is to
uniformly capture and track change measures, and to sensibly forecast and coordinate the capacities
required for change processes in the planning and production departments.
This document presents a data-oriented view for implementation of MCM. The most important aspect
of the data-oriented view is that the central change element is linked to the objects of the digital factory
(i.e. the process, the product and the resource). The basis for MCM and the different views presented in
this document are production planning processes.
ISO/TR 18828-1 gives an overview of the ISO 18828 series and links the MCM to the other parts of ISO
18828, focussing on production planning processes, as well as information flows and key performance
indicators. The following aspects are covered within this document:
— processes of MCM;
— roles in MCM;
— data-oriented view of MCM;
— workflow of MCM.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
manufacturing change management
MCM
overall change management activities that apply for manufacturing
3.2
manufacturing change request
MCR
initial stage of the manufacturing change management (3.1) in which a request for a change is made and
evaluated
3.3
manufacturing change order
MCO
final stage of the manufacturing change management (3.1) in which the implementation and
accompanying steps of the requested manufacturing change are conducted
3.4
acquisition
steps from the change enquiry to the released change request
3.5
evaluation
clarification of and decision about a change request as well as the subsequent steps
3.6
receive change order
formal activity how a change order is obtained for further processing
3.7
plan change order
arrangement or updating of the product plan and the associated planning documentation
3.8
implement change order
realization of the manufacturing change in the production facility
3.9
inform participants
information of participants about
...