ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 19778-1
Second edition
2015-10-15
Information technology —
Learning, education and training
— Collaborative technology —
Collaborative workplace —
Part 1:
Collaborative workplace data model
Technologies de l’information — Apprentissage, éducation et
formation — Technologies collaboratives — Lieu de travail
collaboratif —
Partie 1: Modèle de données du lieu de travail collaboratif
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2015
© ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
1.1 Statement of scope . 1
1.1.1 ISO/IEC 19778 . 1
1.1.2 This part of ISO/IEC 19778 . 1
1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressed in ISO/IEC 19778 . 2
1.3 Excluded subjects and aspects in ISO/IEC 19778 . 2
1.4 Subjects and aspects addressed in related standards . 2
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
3.1 Terms and definitions used to specify a representation of a Data Model . 3
3.2 Terms and definitions for the Data Model Elements of this and related standards . 6
4 Abbreviated terms and acronyms . 7
5 Collaborative workplace Data Model . 8
5.1 Data Model representation . 8
5.2 Collaborative workplace Data Model diagram .12
5.3 Collaborative workplace Data Model specification .12
5.4 Supplementing information for DMEs of the CW DM .15
5.4.1 AE CW_General .15
5.4.2 DE CW_Name .15
5.4.3 DE CW_Description .15
5.4.4 AE CW_ID .15
5.4.5 DE CW_ID_source .15
5.4.6 DE CW_ID_value .16
5.4.7 DE CW_Life-span .16
5.4.8 AE CW_Components . .16
5.4.9 AE CE_ID-Ref . .16
5.4.10 DE CE_ID-Ref_source .16
5.4.11 DE CE_ID-Ref_value.16
5.4.12 AE CG_ID-Ref .16
5.4.13 DE CG_ID-Ref_source .16
5.4.14 DE CG_ID-Ref_value .17
6 Conformance .17
Annex A (informative) Alphabetical list of terms .19
Annex B (informative) Minimalistic use case .20
Annex C (informative) Rich use case .28
Bibliography .35
© ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee
SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 19978–1:2008), of which it
constitutes a minor revision.
ISO/IEC 19778 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Learning,
education and training — Collaborative technology — Collaborative workplace:
— Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model
— Part 2: Collaborative environment data model
— Part 3: Collaborative group data model
iv © ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Many activities in the field of learning, education and training are collaborative in nature, involving
turn-taking, statement-and-response or multi-thread discussions which, in turn, take place among
participants over periods of time ranging from seconds to entire human generations. For example, a
question posed via text messaging or email might receive a response in a matter of seconds, minutes or
hours; commentary on a historically-significant text might take place months, years or even generations
after it has been written. A typical collaborative event is initiated by one participant, is usually received
by several other participants, refers to a previous collaborative event, and provides a response to it.
Collaborative activities can be established in the widest imaginable range of circumstances, involving
many different communicative forms and contents.
The International Standards on collaborative technology for learning, education and training
focus on a particular subset of these collaborative activities. All terms specifically defined in these
International Standards are italicized throughout all parts of ISO/IEC 19778. This subset of activities
is characterized by:
— information exchange in small or medium-sized collaborative groups of participants (typically above
two and below a few dozen) who collaborate over relatively short periods of time (typically several
days to several months);
— information exchange taking place through the use of communication technology, using either a
single, well-defined collaborative tool supporting collaborative functions, or a set of collaborative
tools, organized in a collaborative environment;
— short intervals in establishing feedback on messages or expressions (generally seconds to hours);
— the exchange of relatively small information chunks (ranging between a single word and a small
number of paragraphs);
— a relatively high level of responsiveness among active collaborative group members;
— information exchanged among participants (due to a number of the factors listed above) tends to be
highly context-dependent or -sensitive;
— important contextual information presented by the relationship between these collaborative group
members and the collaborative environment (and its subcomponents), which all together form a
collaborative workplace.
ISO/IEC 19778 consists of three parts:
— Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model provides a representation format for Data Model
specification, and specifies the Data Model structure and the Data Model Elements for the collaborative
workplace in general.
— Part 2: Collaborative environment data model specifies the Data Model structure and the Data Model
Elements for the technical infrastructure of a collaborative workplace.
— Part 3: Collaborative group data model specifies the Data Model structure and the Data Model
Elements specifying and providing information for the membership of a collaborative workplace.
© ISO/IEC 2015 – All rights reserved v

Figure 1 — Entities defined in ISO/IEC 19778
Figure 1 illustrates the relationships among the three physical entities involved. Any collaborative
workplace represents the combination of a particular collaborative environment and a particular
collaborative group. While the physical entity collaborative workplace contains its collaborative
environment and its collaborative group, the Data Model instantiations for these physical entities (and
the Data Models from which these instantiations are derived) are separate data entities.
The Data Models specified by ISO/IEC 19778 provide the structure and the concepts for information which
— supports the understanding of the application intentions of collaborative workplaces and their
components,
— is qualified for supporting the set-up and managing of collaborative workplaces,
— enables the specification of rela
...