ISO/FDIS 4254-17

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4254-17
ISO/TC 23/SC 7
Agricultural machinery — Safety —
Secretariat: UNI
Voting begins on:
Part 17:
2020-02-24
Root crop harvesters
Voting terminates on:
2020-04-20
Matériel agricole — Sécurité —
Partie 17: Matériel de récolte de pommes de terre, de betteraves à
sucre et fourragères
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 4254-17:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020
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ISO/FDIS 4254-17:2020(E)
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© ISO 2020

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Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures for all machines .....................4

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.2 Controls ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.3 Visibility ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

4.4 Haulm/leaf topping device ........................................................................................................................................................... 5

4.4.1 Protection against unintentional contact with the rotating tools ......................................... 5

4.4.2 Haulm/leaf conveying device of a haulm/leaf topping device ................................................. 7

4.4.3 Haulm/leaf loading device of a haulm/leaf topping device .................. ...................................... 8

4.4.4 Protection against thrown objects.................................................................................................................... 8

4.5 Bunker ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

4.6 Unloading ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

4.7 Prevention of hazards related to blockages ................................................................................................................... 9

4.8 Prevention of risks of unintentional contact with power-driven functional elements ............ 9

4.9 Platforms used as workplace on the machine...........................................................................................................10

4.9.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................10

4.9.2 Sorting platform ............................................................................................................................................................10

4.9.3 Packing platform ...........................................................................................................................................................11

4.10 Other places than the operator's stations ....................................................................................................................12

4.11 Leaf spreading device .....................................................................................................................................................................12

4.11.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................12

4.11.2 Protection against unintentional contact ................................................................................................12

4.12 Haulm spreading devices ............................................................................................................................................................16

4.12.1 Protection on the top and at the front ........................................................................................................16

4.12.2 Protection at the sides..............................................................................................................................................18

5 Additional requirements for sieving harvesters ..............................................................................................................18

5.1 Digging devices ....................................................................................................................................................................................18

5.2 Cleaning and conveying devices ............................................................................................................................................18

5.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................18

5.2.2 Cleaning belts ..................................................................................................................................................................18

5.2.3 Other cleaning devices .............................................................................................................................................18

5.2.4 Conveying devices ...................................................................... ..................................................................................19

6 Additional requirements for root lifting harvesters ....................................................................................................19

6.1 Root lifting devices ...........................................................................................................................................................................19

6.2 Cleaning devices .................................................................................................................................................................................19

6.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................19

6.2.2 Cleaning turbines .........................................................................................................................................................19

6.2.3 Cleaning belts ..................................................................................................................................................................21

6.2.4 Cleaning rollers ..............................................................................................................................................................22

6.3 Conveying devices .............................................................................................................................................................................23

7 Additional requirements for top lifting harvesters ......................................................................................................23

7.1 Top lifting devices ..............................................................................................................................................................................23

7.2 Cleaning devices .................................................................................................................................................................................25

7.3 Cleaning belts ........................................................................................................................................................................................25

7.4 Conveying devices .............................................................................................................................................................................25

7.5 Devices in front of the top lifting devices ......................................................................................................................25

7.6 Haulm/leaf removing device ...................................................................................................................................................26

8 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures ............26

9 Information for use .........................................................................................................................................................................................27

9.1 Operator’s manual.............................................................................................................................................................................27

9.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................27

9.1.2 All machines ......................................................................................................................................................................27

9.1.3 Sieving harvesters ...................................................................... ..................................................................................28

9.1.4 Root lifting harvesters ..............................................................................................................................................29

9.1.5 Top lifting harvesters ................................................................................................................................................29

9.2 Marking ......................................................................................................................................................................................................29

9.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................29

9.2.2 Warnings ..............................................................................................................................................................................30

Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards................................................................................................................................31

Annex B (informative) Examples of machines and components ..........................................................................................38

Annex C (informative) Prevention of hazards related to blockages and removal of blockages

on root crop harvester .................................................................................................................................................................................50

ANNEX ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

aimed to be covered .......................................................................................................................................................................................53

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture

and forestry, Subcommittee SC 7, Equipment for harvesting and conservation, in collaboration with

the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 144, Tractors and

machinery for agriculture and forestry, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user's national standards body. A

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the

— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance, etc.)

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the

— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

— service providers, e. g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or

type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of

the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of

NOTE Examples of machine and components, illustrating the terms and definitions in Clause 3, are given in

This document, intended to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements

and their verification for the design and construction of the following types of root crop harvesting

which carry out more than one of the following operations: haulm/leaf topping, digging/taking-in/

This document is not applicable to cleaner-loaders which operate from a heap of beet. For these type of

In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the

The list of significant hazards covered in this document is given in Annex A. It also indicates the hazards

This document applies primarily to machines which are manufactured after the date of its publication.

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 9533, Earth-moving machinery — Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns — Test

ISO 11684, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment — Safety

ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction

ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper

ISO 15534-3:2000, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery — Part 3: Anthropometric data

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4254-1, ISO 12100 and the

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

harvesting machine which digs the crops together with a bed of soil and which separates the crops

harvesting machine which lifts individual crops of a row and which separates remaining adhering soil

harvesting machine which lifts crops of a row mainly by the leaf or haulm by using a clamping belt and

Note 1 to entry: These machines are typically used for harvesting of carrots or leeks.

device for transport of haulms/leaves to haulm/leaf spreader or to the loading device, if any, or to the

device to collect the crop on the machine which can be equipped with a system to raise and combined

rotating device intended to remove the haulm/leaf of crops and/or to clean the top part of the crop still

device of a sieving harvester (3.1) to dig the crop together with soil from the field

workplace on the machine for manual packing of crops in bags or boxes with an area for transfer of the

workplace on the machine for observing of the crop flow and the quality of the crop harvested

device of a root lifting harvester (3.2) which extracts roots crops from the soil

device to remove the haulm/leaf by cutting after lifting the crop located just at the begining of the

device to remove the residual haulm/leaf after lifting the crop located in upper area of the clamping belt

clamping belt in combination with a share as support for lifting the crop from the soil by lifting the crop

4.1.1 Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction

measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles

of ISO 12100:2010, Clause 4, for hazards relevant, but not significant, which are not dealt with by this

4.1.2 Except where otherwise specified in this document, the machine shall comply with the

requirements of ISO 4254-1 and with ISO 13857:2029, Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 as appropriate.

4.2.1 The starting and the stopping of the moving parts shall be controllable only from the driver's

station of the self-propelled machine and in case of trailed and mounted machines only from the

driver's station of the towing machine. If this is not possible for particular functions or not useful (e.g.

for removing of blockages), the controls for these particular functions may be located on the machine

4.2.2 The lowering of the bunker shall be controllable from the driver's station and the control shall be

4.2.3 On machines with a sorting platform, emergency stop equipment in accordance with ISO 13850

shall be accessible from each workplace on the platform to stop hazardous movements, but at least the

conveyor of the sorting platform. The accessibility of the emergency stop equipment shall be determined

according to ISO 15534-3. In case of an emergency stop activation, a clear signal shall be transmitted to

the driver in order alert the driver to stop further movements by switching off the power transmission.

4.2.4 The controls for the adjustment of moving parts shall be located so that they can be operated

from the driver's station and/or the sorting platform and with the guards in guarding position. The

operator's manual shall include an appropriate notice on the need to adjust the driving speed and/or the

4.3.1 Self-propelled machines shall be fitted with an audible warning alarm complying with ISO 9533.

4.3.2 This alarm is not required if the machine is equipped with a closed-circuit television (CCTV)

4.3.3 In direction of travel lateral visibility to view the outermost edges of the machine shall be

provided. If this is not possible by direct view, mirrors or any other equivalent means shall be provided.

Machines shall be designed or guarded in such a way that any unintentional contact with the rotating

4.4.1.2.1 On the top, the protection shall be achieved by an imperforate guard. The front and rear edge

of this imperforate guard shall be located at a maximum height of 400 mm from the lowest point of the

tools path and at a minimum horizontal distance of 200 mm from the tools path [see Figure 1 a)].

4.4.1.2.2 The protection at the front and the rear shall be achieved by the extension of the upper

4.4.1.2.3 For rotors with a vertical drive shaft, the protection on the front and back can alternatively be

achieved by covering the bottom edge of the top cover by at least 3 mm downwards (see Figure 2) and

— an imperforate guard, located near the tools and in such a way that its lower edge extends by a

— in case the lower edge of the imperforate guard does not extend by a minimum of 3 mm below the

tools path, the lower edge of this imperforate guard shall be located at a maximum height of 400 mm

from the lowest point of the tools path and additionally by a barrier located at a maximum height of

400 mm from the lowest point of the tools path and at a minimum horizontal distance of 200 mm

from the tools path [see Figure 1 c)]. If the height of the barrier is more than 400 mm from the lowest

point of the tools path the barrier shall be located along a contour with angle of 45° to the exterior

whereby the maximum height of the barrier shall not exceed 800 mm. Barriers at the sides can be

foldable for transport. They shall remain attached to the machine and shall be kept fixed in their