ISO/FDIS 17117-1
(Main)Health informatics — Terminological resources — Part 1: Characteristics
Health informatics — Terminological resources — Part 1: Characteristics
ISO 17117-1:2018 defines universal and specialized characteristics of health terminological resources that make them fit for the purposes required of various applications. It refers only to terminological resources that are primarily designed to be used for clinical concept representation or to those parts of other terminological resources designed to be used for clinical concept representation. ISO 17117-1:2018 helps users to assess whether a terminology has the characteristics or provides the functions that will support their specified requirements. The focus of this document is to define characteristics and functions of terminological resources in healthcare that can be used to identify different types of them for categorization purposes. Clauses 4 and 5 support categorization according to the characteristics and functions of the terminological resources rather than the name. NOTE Categorization of healthcare terminological systems according to the name of the system might not be helpful and has caused confusion in the past. The target groups for this document are: a) organizations wishing to select terminological systems for use in healthcare information systems; b) developers of terminological systems; c) developers of terminology standards; d) those undertaking independent evaluations/academic reviews of terminological resources; e) terminology Registration Authorities. ISO 17117-1:2018 contains general characteristics and criteria with which systems can be evaluated. The following considerations are outside the scope of this document. - Evaluations of terminological resources. - Health service requirements for terminological resources and evaluation criteria based on the characteristics and functions. - The nature and quality of mappings between different terminologies. It is unlikely that a single terminology will meet all the terminology requirements of a healthcare organization: some terminology providers produce mappings to administrative or statistical classifications such as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The presence of such maps would be a consideration in the evaluation of the terminology. - The nature and quality of mappings between different versions of the same terminology. To support data migration and historical retrieval, terminology providers can provide maps between versions of their terminology. The presence of such maps would be a consideration in the evaluation of the terminology. - Terminology server requirements and techniques and tools for terminology developers. - Characteristics for computational biology terminology. Progress in medical science and in terminology science will necessitate updating of this document in due course.
Informatique de santé — Ressources terminologiques — Partie 1: Caractéristiques
Le présent document définit des caractéristiques universelles et propres aux ressources terminologiques en santé qui rendent ces dernières adaptées aux usages prescrits de différentes applications. Il concerne uniquement les ressources terminologiques, ou les parties d’autres ressources terminologiques, principalement conçues pour être utilisées à des fins de représentation de concepts cliniques. Le présent document aide les utilisateurs à déterminer si une terminologie possède les caractéristiques ou propose les fonctions permettant de répondre à leurs exigences particulières. Le présent document porte principalement sur la définition des caractéristiques et fonctions liées aux ressources terminologiques dans le domaine des soins de santé et pouvant être utilisées pour identifier les différents types de ressources terminologiques à des fins de catégorisation. Les Articles 4 et 5 mettent en avant la catégorisation des ressources terminologiques selon leurs caractéristiques et leurs fonctions plutôt que selon leur intitulé. NOTE La catégorisation des systèmes terminologiques en soins de santé selon leur intitulé peut n’être d’aucune utilité et a été source de confusion par le passé. Les groupes cibles du présent document sont les suivants: a) les organismes souhaitant choisir des systèmes terminologiques à intégrer aux systèmes d’information en soins de santé; b) les personnes chargées de l’élaboration de systèmes terminologiques; c) les personnes chargées de l’élaboration de normes terminologiques; d) les personnes effectuant des évaluations indépendantes/revues académiques des ressources terminologiques; e) les organismes d’enregistrement de la terminologie. Le présent document contient des caractéristiques et des critères généraux grâce auxquels les systèmes peuvent être évalués. Les considérations suivantes ne relèvent pas du domaine d’application du présent document: — les évaluations des ressources terminologiques; — les exigences des services de santé concernant les ressources terminologiques et les critères d’évaluation basés sur les caractéristiques et fonctions de ces ressources; — la nature et la qualité des mises en correspondance des différentes terminologies. Il semble peu probable qu’une terminologie unique réponde à toutes les exigences terminologiques d’un organisme de soins de santé: certains fournisseurs de terminologie effectuent des mises en correspondances avec des classifications statistiques ou administratives, comme la Classification internationale des maladies (CIM). De telles correspondances sont à prendre en considération dans l’évaluation de la terminologie; — la nature et la qualité des mises en correspondance des différentes versions d’une même terminologie. Pour aider à la migration des données et à la récupération de l’historique, les fournisseurs de terminologie peuvent mettre à disposition les correspondances entre les différentes versions de leur terminologie. De telles correspondances sont à prendre en considération dans l’évaluation de la terminologie; — les exigences relatives aux serveurs terminologiques ainsi que les techniques et outils disponibles pour les personnes chargées de l’élaboration de terminologies; — les caractéristiques de la terminologie de la biologie computationnelle. Les progrès effectués dans les domaines de la médecine et de la science de la terminologie nécessiteront de mettre à jour le présent document en temps utile.
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General terms .2
3.2 Relations between concepts .4
3.3 Formal concept representation .5
3.4 Terminological resources (in health domain).6
4 Characteristics of terminological resources in the health domain . 8
4.1 Basics .8
4.2 Pre-coordinated characteristics aiming at identification of a specific concept/term .9
4.2.1 Term identifier .9
4.2.2 Concept identifier .9
4.2.3 Concept orientation .9
4.3 Characteristics related to extensibility for concept representations .10
4.3.1 Characteristics to specify more detailed concepts .10
4.3.2 Characteristics to broaden coverage of concepts .11
4.4 Characteristics related to data aggregation or classification system.11
4.4.1 General .11
4.4.2 Mutual exclusiveness .11
4.4.3 Exhaustiveness . 12
4.5 Characteristics related to formal concept representation and semantic interoperability . 12
4.5.1 Compositionality . 12
4.5.2 Hierarchical relation . 12
4.5.3 Associative relation . 13
4.5.4 Categorial structure . 13
4.5.5 Semantic consistency .14
4.6 Characteristics related to maintenance of terminological resources .14
4.6.1 Context-free identifiers .14
4.6.2 Persistence of identifiers .14
4.6.3 Version identifier . . 15
4.6.4 Editorial information . 15
4.6.5 Obsolete marking . 15
4.6.6 Responsiveness . . 15
5 Functions invoked by a certain set of characteristics .15
5.1 Basics . 15
5.2 Data capture . 15
5.2.1 General . 15
5.2.2 Extensibility for concept representation .16
5.2.3 Providing semantically consistent formal concept representation . .16
5.3 Display/presentation/identification .17
5.3.1 General .17
5.3.2 Accessing concepts using terminology structure .17
5.4 Data aggregation for statistical analysis .18
5.5 Reasoning .18
5.5.1 General .18
5.5.2 Reasoning of internal consistency .18
5.6 Maintenance-related functions.19
5.6.1 Concept permanence .19
5.6.2 Version control . 20
Annex A (informative) Relations between characteristics, functions, requirements and
evaluation criteria of terminological resources .21
iii
Annex B (informative) Relations among terminological resources .22
Bibliography .23
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related
...
Date: 2024-10-03
ISO/DISFDIS 17117--1:2024(en)
ISO/TC 215/WG 3
Secretariat: ANSI
Date: 2025-08-18
Health informatics – — Terminological resources – —
Part 1:
Characteristics
Informatique de santé -- — Ressources terminologiques -- —
Partie 1: Caractéristiques
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO/DISFDIS 17117--1:20242025(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
3.1 General terms . 2
3.2 Relations between concepts . 5
3.3 Formal concept representation . 6
3.4 Terminological resources (in health domain) . 7
4 Characteristics of terminological resources in the health domain . 9
4.1 Basics . 9
4.2 Pre-coordinated characteristics aiming at identification of a specific concept/term . 10
4.3 Characteristics related to extensibility for concept representations . 12
4.4 Characteristics related to data aggregation or classification system . 13
4.5 Characteristics related to formal concept representation and semantic interoperability 14
4.6 Characteristics related to maintenance of terminological resources . 16
5 Functions invoked by a certain set of characteristics . 17
5.1 Basics . 17
5.2 Data capture . 18
5.3 Display/presentation/identification . 19
5.4 Data aggregation for statistical analysis . 20
5.5 Reasoning . 20
5.6 Maintenance-related functions . 21
Annex A (informative) Relations between characteristics, functions, requirements and
evaluation criteria of terminological resources . 23
Annex B (informative) Relations among terminological resources . 25
Bibliography . 27
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO [had/had not] received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this
may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation onof the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO'sISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)), see the following URL:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 215, Health informatics, in collaboration with
the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 251, Health informatics, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This firstsecond edition of ISO 17117-1 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO /TS 17117-1:2018,), which
has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— The document has been updated to reflect the state of medical and technical practices at a time, and
incorporating relevant new normative references.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17117 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO/DISFDIS 17117--1:20242025(en)
Introduction
Health terminology is complex and multifaceted. It has been estimated that up to 45 million different terms
are needed to adequately describe health-related concepts such as conditions of patients and populations,
actions in healthcare, and related concepts, such as medicines, biomedical molecules, genes, organisms,
[3]
technical methods and social concepts. (see ISO 17115). Many formal and less formal terminological
resources exist to represent this complexity. These can be called terminological systems, coding systems,
formal concept representation systems, classification systems, and others. Specific features of different
terminological resources make them more or less useful for particular purposes and technological
environments.
The need for formal terminological resources to support health information management has been widely
[13][14][15 [6][7][8]]
recognized. . Such resources are required for precise data collection, accurate interpretation of
[14 [7]]
data and interoperability among information systems that exchange such data. . National governments,
healthcare organizations and others are currently concerned with the question of which of the available
terminological resources will meet their requirements, i.e. they wish to ‘assign value’ to specific terminological
resources to decide which are suitable for their purposes and healthcare contexts.
1)
A set of criteria to support such evaluations was originally published in ISO/TS 17117:2002. . The main
purpose was to enable users to assess whether a terminological resource has the characteristics that will
support their specified requirements, since the characteristics of a terminological resource influence its utility
and appropriateness in applications. There has been much progress in the study and use of terminological
[16][17 [9][10]
resources since that time and some experience of formal evaluations. .
As the first part of the entire revision work, this document (ISO 17117-1) identifies the characteristics of
terminological resources in healthcare (Clause 4(Clause 4)) and functions or roles invoked by those
characteristics (Clause 5(Clause 5).). This document also provides a framework to identify different types of
terminological resources using a combination of those characteristics and functions, which is essential for the
development of criteria for the categorization of terminological resources in healthcare. Requirements for,
and evaluation criteria of, terminological resources in healthcare, addressed in other parts of ISO 17117, are
tightly related to the characteristics of terminological resources and functions that they can provide.
The target groups for this document are:
a) organizations wishing to select terminological systems for use in healthcare information systems;
b) developers of terminological systems;
c) developers of terminology standards;
d) those undertaking independent evaluations or academic reviews of terminological resources;
e) terminology Registration Authorities.
1)
Withdrawn.
v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 17117-1:2024(en)
Health informatics — Terminological resources — —
Part 1:
Characteristics
1 Scope
This document defines universal and specialized characteristics of health terminological resources that make
them fit for the purposes required of various applications. It covers only to terminological resources that are
primarily designed to be used for clinical concept representation or to those parts of other terminological
resources designed to be used for clinical concept representation.
This document helps users to assess whether a terminology has the characteristics or provides the functions
that will support their specified requirements. In order to do that, this document focuses to defineon defining
characteristics and functions of terminological resources in healthcare that can be used to identify different
types of terminological resources for categorization purposes.
NOTE Categorization of healthcare terminological systems according to the name of the system might not be helpful
and has caused confusion in the past.
The target groups for this document are:
a) a) organizations wishing to select terminological systems for use in healthcare information
systems;
b)a) b) developers of terminological systems;
c)a) c) developers of terminology standards;
d) those undertaking independent evaluations/academic reviews of terminological resources;
d)a) e) terminology Registration Authorities.
The following aspects are not covered in this document.:
— — Evaluationsevaluations of terminological resources.;
— — Healthhealth service requirements for terminological resources and evaluation criteria based on the
characteristics and functions.;
— — Thethe nature and quality of mappings between different terminologies. ;
NOTE It is unlikely that a single terminology will meet all the terminology requirements of a healthcare
organization: some terminology providers produce mappings to administrative or classification systems such as the
International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The presence of such maps would be a consideration in the evaluation
of the terminology.
— — Thethe nature and quality of mappings between different versions of the same terminology. ;
NOTE To support data migration and historical retrieval, terminology providers can provide maps between
versions of their terminology. The presence of such maps would be a consideration in the evaluation of the
terminology.
— — Terminology terminology server requirements and techniques and tools for terminology developers.;
— — Characteristicscharacteristics for computational biology terminology.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminologicalterminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 General terms
3.1.1 3.1.1
concept
unit of knowledge created by a unique combination of characteristics (3.1.3(3.1.3))
Note 1 to entry: Informally
...
PROJET FINAL
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Health informatics — Terminological resources —
Part 1: Characteristics
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Caractéristiques
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Health informatics — Terminological resources —
Part 1: Characteristics
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Publié en Suisse Numéro de référence
ii
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
3.1 Termes généraux .2
3.2 Relations entre les concepts .4
3.3 Représentation formelle de concepts .6
3.4 Ressources terminologiques (dans le domaine de la santé) .7
4 Caractéristiques des ressources terminologiques dans le domaine de la santé . 9
4.1 Principes fondamentaux .9
4.2 Caractéristiques pré-coordonnées visant à identifier un concept/un terme particulier .10
4.2.1 Identifiant de terme .10
4.2.2 Identifiant de concept .10
4.2.3 Orientation conceptuelle .10
4.3 Caractéristiques liées à l’extensibilité des représentations de concept .11
4.3.1 Caractéristiques utilisées pour spécifier des concepts plus détaillés .11
4.3.2 Caractéristiques visant à élargir la couverture des concepts . 12
4.4 Caractéristiques liées à l’agrégation des données ou au système de classification des
données . 13
4.4.1 Généralités . 13
4.4.2 Exclusion mutuelle . . . 13
4.4.3 Exhaustivité . . 13
4.5 Caractéristiques liées à la représentation formelle d’un concept et à l’interopérabilité
sémantique . 13
4.5.1 Compositionnalité . 13
4.5.2 Relation hiérarchique.14
4.5.3 Relation associative . 15
4.5.4 Structure catégorielle . 15
4.5.5 Consistance sémantique . 15
4.6 Caractéristiques liées à la maintenance des ressources terminologiques .16
4.6.1 Identifiants non signifiants .16
4.6.2 Persistance des identifiants .16
4.6.3 Identifiant de version .16
4.6.4 Informations éditoriales .17
4.6.5 Marquage de l’obsolescence . .17
4.6.6 Réactivité .17
5 Fonctions invoquées par un certain ensemble de caractéristiques . 17
5.1 Principes fondamentaux .17
5.2 Capture des données .17
5.2.1 Généralités .17
5.2.2 Extensibilité de la représentation de concept .18
5.2.3 Fournir une représentation formelle de concepts sémantiquement cohérente .18
5.3 Affichage/présentation/identification .19
5.3.1 Généralités .19
5.3.2 Accès aux concepts en utilisant une structure terminologique .19
5.4 Agrégation des données pour l’analyse statistique . 20
5.5 Raisonnement . 20
5.5.1 Généralités . 20
5.5.2 Raisonnement de la cohérence interne .21
5.6 Fonctions liées à la maintenance .21
5.6.1 Permanence des concepts .21
5.6.2 Contrôle de version . 22
iii
Annexe A (informative) Relations entre les caractéristiques, les fonctions, les exigences et les
critères d’évaluation des ressources terminologiques .23
Annexe B (informative) Relations entre les ressources terminologiques .24
Bibliographie .25
iv
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux. L’ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document
a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L'ISO attire l'attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner l'utilisation
d'un ou de plusieurs brevets. L'ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à l'applicabilité
de tout droit de propriété revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent document, l'ISO
n'avait pas reçu notification qu'un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa mise en application.
Toutefois, il y a lieu d'avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent document que des
informations plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer da
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