Metallic materials - Sheet and strip - Earing test

This document specifies a method for determining the ear height of metal sheet and strip of nominal thickness from 0,1 mm to 3 mm after deep drawing.

Matériaux métalliques — Tôles et bandes — Essai de corne

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
29-Sep-2022
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Start Date
30-Sep-2022
Due Date
07-Apr-2023
Completion Date
30-Sep-2022

Relations

Effective Date
06-Jun-2022

Overview

ISO 11531:2022 - Metallic materials - Sheet and strip - Earing test specifies a standardized method to determine ear height in metal sheet and strip (nominal thickness 0.1 mm to 3 mm) after deep drawing. The earing test evaluates the tendency of drawn cylindrical cups to develop uneven rim heights ("ears") that reflect anisotropy and material properties. The standard defines test principle, equipment, test pieces, procedure, result interpretation and reporting requirements for reproducible measurement of ear formation.

Key topics and technical requirements

  • Scope and specimen: Circular blanks drawn into cylindrical cups; nominal sheet thickness range 0.1–3.0 mm. A drawing ratio of about 1.8 is recommended for comparative tests.
  • Test principle: Form cups by deep drawing and measure heights of ear peaks and valleys relative to cup bottom to calculate mean ear height and percentage ear height (Z).
  • Equipment and tooling:
    • Punch and die combinations selected based on sheet thickness (examples in the standard include punch diameters of 33 mm and 50 mm).
    • Working surfaces of die, blankholder and punch must be rigid, polished and have Vickers hardness ≥ 750 HV 30.
    • Blankholder force and drawing speed must be controllable to avoid ironing of ears; guidance forces are provided (e.g., for 33 mm punch: aluminium ≈ 1 000 N, steel ≈ 2 000 N).
  • Procedure and conditions:
    • Ambient test range 10 °C to 35 °C; controlled tests at 23 °C ± 5 °C.
    • Lubrication on both faces as agreed or per product standard.
    • Measurement accuracy for ear heights: ±0.05 mm.
  • Results and reporting: Calculates mean peak/valley heights, mean ear height, maximum ear height and ear height percentage (Z) with rounding to 0.1 % unless otherwise specified. Test report must reference ISO 11531:2022 and include specimen ID, thickness, blank diameter, punch/die diameters, punch speed, ear count and orientation, and results.

Applications and users

ISO 11531:2022 is used to quantify earing caused by anisotropy after deep drawing. Typical users include:

  • Quality and materials engineers in metal forming and deep drawing operations
  • Test laboratories performing mechanical and formability testing
  • Product and process engineers in automotive, packaging and appliance manufacturing evaluating sheet anisotropy and process parameters
  • Standards writers and product specification authors who need objective earing criteria

Related standards

  • Prepared by ISO/TC 164 (Mechanical testing of metals), Subcommittee SC 2 (Ductility testing). Related product or material standards may specify variations to tooling, lubricant or reporting - consult applicable product standards or agreements when applying ISO 11531:2022.

Keywords: ISO 11531:2022, earing test, ear height, metallic materials, sheet and strip, deep drawing, blankholder force, punch and die, formability testing.

Standard

ISO 11531:2022 - Metallic materials — Sheet and strip — Earing test Released:30. 09. 2022

English language
6 pages
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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 11531:2022 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Metallic materials - Sheet and strip - Earing test". This standard covers: This document specifies a method for determining the ear height of metal sheet and strip of nominal thickness from 0,1 mm to 3 mm after deep drawing.

This document specifies a method for determining the ear height of metal sheet and strip of nominal thickness from 0,1 mm to 3 mm after deep drawing.

ISO 11531:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 11531:2022 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 11531:2015. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase ISO 11531:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11531
Third edition
2022-09
Metallic materials — Sheet and strip
— Earing test
Matériaux métalliques — Tôles et bandes — Essai de corne
Reference number
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and designations . 1
5 Principle . 3
6 Test equipment .3
7 Test piece . 4
8 Procedure .4
9 Interpretation of results . 5
10 Test report . 6
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals,
Subcommittee SC 2, Ductility testing.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11531:2015), of which it constitutes a
minor revision.
The main changes are as follows:
— Clause 2 "Normative references" and Clause 3 "Terms and definitions" have been added;
— the previous Clause 2 "Symbols and their meanings" has been modified to Clause 4 "Symbols and
designations";
— the title of Table 1 has been modified to "Symbols and designations";
— in Figure 2, "5 test piece" has been added;
— Clause 9 has been modified editorially and divided into two subclauses 9.1 and 9.2.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11531:2022(E)
Metallic materials — Sheet and strip — Earing test
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for determining the ear height of metal sheet and strip of nominal
thickness from 0,1 mm to 3 mm after deep drawing.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Symbols and designations
The symbols and designations used in the earing test are given in Table 1 and illustrated in Figure 1
and Figure 2.
Table 1 — Symbols and designations
Symbol   D
...

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