ISO 20653:2023

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20653
Third edition
2023-08
Road vehicles — Degrees of protection
(IP code) — Protection of electrical
equipment against foreign objects,
water and access
Véhicules routiers — Degrés de protection (codes IP) — Protection
des équipements électriques contre les corps étrangers, l'eau et les
contacts
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structure and meaning of the IP code . 2
4.1 Structure of the IP code . 2
4.2 Meaning of IP code . 2
4.3 Examples for the use of letters in the IP code . 3
5 Degrees of protection against foreign objects and against access . 4
6 Degrees of protection against water . 5
7 Designation examples . 6
7.1 General . 6
7.2 Example IP34K . 6
7.3 Example IP16KB . 6
7.4 Example IP2X/IP5KX . 6
8 Requirements and testing .7
8.1 Atmospheric conditions. 7
8.2 Device under test (DUT) . 7
8.3 Requirements and tests for degrees of protection against foreign objects and
access . 7
8.3.1 Test set-up . 7
8.3.2 Requirements for tests using probes . 9
8.3.3 Requirements for testing with dust .12
8.4 Requirements and test for degrees of protection against water .13
8.4.1 Test set-up . 13
8.4.2 Execution of the tests for protection against ingress of water .13
8.4.3 Requirements .13
9 Notes on the assignment of degrees of protection .22
9.1 Assignment of degrees of protection against foreign objects and access .22
9.2 Assignment of degrees of protection against water . 22
Bibliography .24
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 32,
Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 20653:2013), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— test conditions for IPX9K test were extended, the method for measuring of the impact forced was
described and tolerances were added, the visualization method for impact force with foam was
added;
— details to test setup for degrees of protection against water 3, 4 and 4K were added.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The IP codes used in this document are in accordance with IEC 60529, except in the case of codes “K”,
which describe special requirements for road vehicles that are not covered by IEC 60529.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20653:2023(E)
Road vehicles — Degrees of protection (IP code) —
Protection of electrical equipment against foreign objects,
water and access
1 Scope
This document applies to degrees of protection (IP code) provided by enclosures of the electrical
equipment of road vehicles. It specifies the following:
a) designations and definitions of types and degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical
equipment (IP codes) for the:
— protection of electrical equipment within the enclosure against ingress of foreign objects,
including dust (protection against foreign objects);
— protection of persons against access to hazardous parts inside the enclosure (protection against
access);
— protection of electrical equipment inside the enclosure against effects due to ingress of water
(protection against water);
b) requirements for each degree of protection;
c) tests carried out in order to confirm that the enclosure complies with requirements of the relevant
degree of protection.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12103-1, Road vehicles — Test contaminants for filter evaluation — Part 1: Arizona test dust
IEC 60068-2-68, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test L: Dust and sand
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
enclosure
part providing protection of equipment against certain external influences and in any direction against
access
3.2
degree of protection
protection provided by an enclosure (3.1) against access, foreign objects and/or water and verified by
standardized test methods
3.3
IP code
international protection code
coding system used to indicate the degree of protection (3.2) provided by an enclosure (3.1) against
access, foreign objects and/or water and to give additional information in connection with such parts
3.4
hazardous part
part that is hazardous to approach or touch
3.5
opening
gap or aperture in an enclosure (3.1) which exists or may be formed by the application of a test probe at
the specified force
4 Structure and meaning of the IP code
4.1 Structure of the IP code
The structure of the IP code is as follows.
Where no code element is given, the letter “X” shall be substituted (or “XX”, if none of the two code
elements have been indicated).
Additional and/or supplementary letters may be omitted without substitute.
Additional letters following each other directly shall be in alphabetical order.
Wherever the degree of protection of a part of the enclosure or the electrical equipment deviates from
the degree of protection of the remaining part, both degrees of protection shall be indicated.
4.2 Meaning of IP code
Table 1 contains an overview of the IP code elements.
Table 1 — Overview of all IP code elements and meaning
Meaning for the protection of Meaning for the protection
Element IP
electrical equipment of persons
First code element Against foreign objects (including dust): Against access:
0 —  not protected —  not protected
1 —  with diameter ≥ 50 mm —  with back of hand
2 —  with diameter ≥ 12,5 mm —  with finger
3 —  with diameter ≥ 2,5 mm —  with tool
4 —  with diameter ≥ 1,0 mm —  with wire
5K —  dust-protected —  with wire
6K —  dust-tight —  with wire
Second code  Against water: Not applicable
element
0 —  not protected
1 —  vertical water drips
2 —  water drips (15° inclination)
3 —  water spray
4 —  splash water
4K —  splash water with increased pressure
5 —  high-velocity water
6 —  strong high-velocity water
6K —  strong high-velocity water with increased
pressure
7 —  temporary immersion
8 —  continuous submersion
9K —  high-pressure/steam-jet cleaning
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