ISO/ASTM 51631:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
STANDARD 51631
Fourth edition
2020-02
Practice for use of calorimetric
dosimetry systems for dose
measurements and dosimetry system
calibration in electron beams
Pratique de l'utilisation des systèmes dosimétriques calorimétriques
pour pour des mesures de dose délivrée par un faisceau d'électrons et
pour l'étalonnage de dosimètres
Reference number
©
ISO/ASTM International 2020
© ISO/ASTM International 2020
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Contents Page
1 Scope. 1
2 Referenced Documents . 1
3 Terminology. 2
4 Significance and use. 2
5 Interferences . 3
6 Apparatus. 3
7 Calibration procedures. 4
8 Dose measurement procedures. 5
9 Calibration of other dosimetry systems . 6
10 Documentation. 7
11 Measurement uncertainty. 7
12 Keywords. 7
Annexes. 7
Figure 1 Example of a polystyrene calorimeter used for routine measurements at a 10-MeV
industrial electron accelerator. 3
Figure 2 Absorber (phantom) for irradiation at 10 MeV electron irradiation facility of routine and
transfer-standard dosimeters (10). Material: Polystyrene. 4
Figure 3 Example of measurements of temperature of a graphite calorimeter before and after
irradiation (7). 6
Figure 4 Example of on-line measurements of a graphite calorimeter (5). 6
Table 1 Measurement uncertainties of routine polystyrene calorimetric dosimetry systems from
Risø high dose reference laboratory (in percent, at k=2) (9). 7
Table A1.1 Results for alanine and calorimeter dose measurements. 8
Table A2.1 Thickness and size of several graphite calorimetric bodies designed at NIST for use
at specific electron energies . 8
iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

Foreword
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This document was prepared by ASTM Committee E61, Radiation processing (as ASTM E1631‐94), and
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iv © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Standard Practice for
Use of Calorimetric Dosimetry Systems for Dose
Measurements and Routine Dosimetry System Calibration in
Electron Beams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 51631; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and use of semi-
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
adiabatic calorimetric dosimetry systems for measurement of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
absorbeddoseandforcalibrationofroutinedosimetrysystems
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
when irradiated with electrons for radiation processing appli-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
cations. The calorimeters are either transported by a conveyor
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
past a scanned electron beam or are stationary in a broadened
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
beam.
1.2 This document is one of a set of standards that provides 2. Referenced Documents
recommendations for properly implementing dosimetry in 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
radiation processing, and describes a means of achieving
E666Practice for CalculatingAbsorbed Dose From Gamma
compliance with the requirements of ISO/ASTM Practice
or X Radiation
52628 for a calorimetric dosimetry system. It is intended to be
E668 Practice for Application of Thermoluminescence-
read in conjunction with ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
Dosimetry (TLD) Systems for Determining Absorbed
1.3 The calorimeters described in this practice are classified DoseinRadiation-HardnessTestingofElectronicDevices
as Type II dosimeters on the basis of the complex effect of
E3083Terminology Relating to Radiation Processing: Do-
influence quantities. See ISO/ASTM Practice 52628. simetry and Applications
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
1.4 This practice applies to electron beams in the energy
51261Practice for Calibration of Routine Dosimetry Sys-
range from 1.5 to 12 MeV.
tems for Radiation Processing
1.5 The absorbed dose range depends on the calorimetric
51649Practice for Dosimetry in an Electron Beam Facility
absorbing material and the irradiation and measurement con-
for Radiation Processing at Energies Between 300 keV
ditions. Minimum dose is approximately 100 Gy and maxi-
and 25 MeV
mum dose is approximately 50 kGy.
51707Guide for Estimating Uncertainties in Dosimetry for
1.6 Theaverageabsorbed-doseraterangeshallgenerallybe Radiation Processing
-1
greater than 10 Gy·s . 52628Practice for Dosimetry in Radiation Processing
2.3 International Commission on Radiation Units and Mea-
1.7 The temperature range for use of these calorimetric
surements (ICRU) Reports:
dosimetry systems depends on the thermal resistance of the
ICRU Report 34The Dosimetry of Pulsed Radiation
calorimetric materials, on the calibration range of the tempera-
ICRU Report 35Radiation Dosimetry: Electron Beams with
ture sensor, and on the sensitivity of the measurement device.
Energies Between 1 and 50 MeV
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ICRU Report 80Dosimetry Systems for use in Radiation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Processing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ICRU Report 85aFundamental Quantities and Units for
Ionizing Radiation
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on Radiation
Processing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.02 on Dosimetry 2
For referenced ASTM and ISO/ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
Systems, and is also under the jurisdiction of ISO/TC 85/WG 3. www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For
Current edition approved by ASTM May 15, 2019. Published February 2020. Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s
Originally published as E1631–94. The present Fourth Edition of Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
International Standard ISO/ASTM 51631:2020(E) is a minor revision of the Third Available from the Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, 7910
Edition of ISO/ASTM 51631–2013(E). Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A.
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved
3.2.9 thermistor—electrical resistor with a well-defined re-
2.4 Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM)
Reports: lationship between resistance and temperature of the thermis-
JCGM 100:2008, GUM 1995, with minor corrections, tor.
Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the Expres-
3.2.10 thermocouple—junction of two metals producing an
sion of Uncertainty in Measurement
electrical voltage with a well-defined relationship to junction
JCGM 200:2012, VIMInternational vocabulary of metrol-
temperature.
ogy – Basic general concepts and general terms
3.3 Definitions of other terms used in this standard that
pertain to radiation measurement and dosimetry may be found
3. Terminology
in ASTM Terminology E3083. Definitions in E3083 are
3.1 Definitions:
compatible with ICRU Report 85a; that document, therefore,
3.1.1 primary-standard dosimetry system—dosimetry sys-
may be used as an alternative reference.
tem that is designated or widely acknowledged as having the
4. Significance and use
highest metrological qualities and whose value is accepted
without reference to other standards of the same quantity.
4.1 This practice is applicable to the use of calorimetric
dosimetry systems for the measurement of absorbed dose in
3.1.2 reference standard dosimetry system—dosimetry
electron beams, the qualification of electron irradiation
system, generally having the highest metrological quality
facilities, periodic checks of operating parameters of electron
available at a given location or in a given organization, from
irradiationfacilities,andcalibrationofotherdosimetrysystems
which measurements made there are derived.
in electron beams. Calorimetric dosimetry systems are most
3.1.3 transfer standard dosimetry system—dosimetry sys-
suitable for dose measurement at electron irradiation facilities
tem used as an intermediary to calibrate other dosimetry
utilizing conveyor systems for transport of product during
systems.
irradiation.
NOTE 1—For additional information on calorimetric dosimetry system
3.1.4 type II dosimeter—dosimeter,theresponseofwhichis
operation and use, see ICRU Report 80. For additional information on the
affected by influence quantities in a complex way that cannot
use of dosimetry in electron accelerator facilities, see ISO/ASTM 51649,
practically be expressed in terms of independent correction
and ICRU Reports 34 and 35, and Refs (1-3).
factors.
4.2 The calorimetric dosimetry systems described in thi
...