ISO/ASTM 51310:2022

INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
STANDARD 51310
Third edition
2022-04
Practice for use of a radiochromic
optical waveguide dosimetry system
Pratique de l'utilisation d'un système dosimétrique à guide d'ondes
optiques radiochromiques
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
© ISO/ASTM International 2022

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ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
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Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO/ASTM International 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope. 1
2 Referenced documents. 1
3 Terminology. 2
4 Significance and use. 2
5 Overview . 2
6 Influence quantities. 2
7 Dosimetry system and its verification. 3
8 Incoming dosimeter stock assessment. 4
9 Calibration of the dosimetry system . 4
10 Routine use. 4
11 Minimum documentation. 5
12 Measurement uncertainty. 5
13 Keywords. 5
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ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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participation from affected stakeholders. ASTM technical committees follow rigorous due process balloting
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iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by ASTM Committee E61 Radiation Processing and by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 85, nuclear energy, nuclear technologies and radiological protection.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/ASTM 51310:2004), which has been
technically revised.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
Standard Practice for
Use of a Radiochromic Optical Waveguide Dosimetry
1
System
This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 51310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This is a practice for using a radiochromic optical
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
waveguide dosimetry system to measure absorbed dose in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
materials irradiated by photons and high energy electrons in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
terms of absorbed dose to water. The radiochromic optical
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
waveguide dosimetry system is generally used as a routine
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
dosimetry system.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 The optical waveguide dosimeter is classified as a Type
II dosimeter on the basis of the complex effect of influence
2. Referenced documents
quantities (see ISO/ASTM Practice 52628).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 This document is one of a set of standards that provides
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of
recommendations for properly implementing dosimetry in
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
radiation processing, and describes a means of achieving
E925 Practice for Monitoring the Calibration of Ultraviolet-
compliance with the requirements of ISO/ASTM 52628 for an
Visible Spectrophotometers whose Spectral Bandwidth
optical waveguide dosimetry system. It is intended to be read
does not Exceed 2 nm
in conjunction with ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
E958 Practice for Estimation of the Spectral Bandwidth of
1.4 This practice applies to radiochromic optical waveguide
Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometers
dosimeters that can be used within part or all of the specified
E3083 Terminology Relating to Radiation Processing: Do-
ranges as follows:
simetry and Applications
1.4.1 The absorbed dose range is from 1 Gy to 20 000 Gy.
2
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
1.4.2 The absorbed dose rate is from 0.001 Gy/s to 1000
51261 Practice for Calibration of Routine Dosimetry Sys-
Gy/s.
tems for Radiation Processing
1.4.3 The radiation photon energy range is from 1 MeV to
51707 Guide for Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty in
10 MeV.
Dosimetry for Radiation Processing
1.4.4 The radiation electron energy range is from 3 MeV to
52628 Practice for Dosimetry in Radiation Processing
25 MeV.
52701 Guide for Performance Characterization of Dosim-
1.4.5 The irradiation temperature range is from –78 °C to
eters and Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation Pro-
+60 °C.
cessing
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
2.3 International Commission on Radiation Units and Mea-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3
surements (ICRU) Reports:
standard.
ICRU Report 80 Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Processing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ICRU Report 85a Fundamental Quantities and Units for
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Ionizing Radiation
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on Radiation
Processing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.02 on Dosimetry
2
Systems, and is also under the jurisdiction of ISO/TC 85/WG 3. For referenced ASTM and ISO/ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
Current edition approved December 2021. Published February 2022. Originally www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For
ε1
published as ASTM E 1310–89. Last previous ASTM edition E 1310–98 . ASTM Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s
E 1310–94 was adopted by ISO in 1998 with the intermediate designation ISO Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
15559:1998(E). The present International Standard ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E) is a Available from the International Commission on Radiation Units and
revision of the last previous edition ISO/ASTM 51310:04(2012)(E). Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, U.S.A.
© ISO/ASTM International 2022 – All rights reserved
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ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
4
2.4 ISO Standard: dergo an ionizing radiation–induced change in photometric
12749-4 Nuclear energy – Vocabulary - Part 4: Dosimetry absorbance which can be related to absorbed dose to water (1,
7
for radiation processing 2).
3.1.7 reference wavelength, λ —wavelength selected for
2.5 Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM)
ref
comparison with the analysis wavelength. This wavelength is
Reports:
chosen to minimize effects associated with optical coupling
JCGM 100:2008, GUM 1995 , with minor corrections
and other geometric variations in the dosimeter.
Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the Expres-
5
sion of Uncertainty in Measurement
3.2 Definitions or other terms used in this standard that
JCGM 200:2012, VIM , International Vocabulary of Metrol-
pertain to radiation measurement and dosimetry may be found
ogy — Basis and General Concepts and Associated
in ISO/ASTM Practice 52628. Other terms that pertain to
6
Terms
radiation measurement and dosimetry may be found in ASTM
Terminology E3083 and ISO 12749-4. Where appropriate,
3. Terminology
definitions in these standards have been derived from, and are
consistent with definitions in ICRU 85a, and general metro-
3.1 Definitions:
logical definitions given in the VIM.
3.1.1 analysis wavelength—wavelength used in a spectro-
photometric instrument for the measurement of optical absor-
4. Significance and use
bance or reflectance.
4.1 The radiochromic optical waveguide dosimetry system
3.1.2 dosimeter batch—quantity of dosimeters made from a
provides a means of measuring absorbed dose in materials.
specific mass of material with uniform composition, fabricated
Under the influence of ionizing radiation such as photons,
in a single production run under controlled, consistent condi-
chemical reactions take place in the radiochromic optical
tions and having a unique identification code.
waveguidecreatingand/ormodifyingopticalabsorbancebands
3.1.3 dosimeter response (indication)—reproducible, quan-
in the visible region of the spectrum. Optical response is
tifiablechangeproducedinthedosimeterbyionizingradiation.
determined at selected wavelengths using the equations in
3.1.4.Examplesofappropriatewavelengthsfortheanalysisfor
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The dosimeter response value
specificdosimetrysystemsareprovidedbytheirmanufacturers
(indication), obtained from one or more measurements, is used
and in Refs (1-5).
in the estimation of absorbed dose.
3.1.3.2 Discussion—For optical waveguide dosimeters, the
4.2 These dosimetry systems commonly are applied in the
dosimeter response value (indication) is the net response
industrial radiation processing of a variety of products, for
obtained from measurements of the optical absorbance.
example, the sterilization of medical devices and radiation
3.1.4 net response, ∆R—radiation–induced change in the
processing of foods (4-6).
relationship of measured absorbance at a specific wavelength
NOTE 1—For additional information on dosimetry systems used in
determined by subtracting the pre-irradiation response, R ,
radiation processing, see ICRU Report 80.
0
from the post–irradiation response, R:
5. Overview
∆R 5 R 2 R (1)
0
5.1 Radiochromic optical waveguide dosimeters may be
with:
manufactured by various methods. For example, consisting of
a solution held in a fluorinated ethylenepropylene (FEP) tube
R 5 A ⁄A
λ λref
by means of glass beads inserted in the ends of the tube. In
R 5 Aλ ⁄ A # (2)
@
0 λref 0
addition to sealing the solution in the tube the beads act as
where:
lenses for light during the analysis of the dosimeter’s response.
A = optical absorbance at the analysis wavelength,λ, and
λ
5.2 The FEP tube has a lower index of refraction than the
A = optical absorbance at a reference wavelength, λ .
λref ref
radiation-sensitive solution, creating an optical waveguide.
3.1.5 optical waveguide—device that contains an optical
Light entering through one end will tend to move through the
material at a high index of refraction relative to the material
solution to the other end, reflecting off the wall of the tube.
enclosing the optical material.
5.3 The response is measured as a ratio of the absorbance at
3.1.6 radiochromic optical waveguide dosimeter—specially
the wavelength of interest to the absorbance at a reference
prepared optical waveguide containing ingredients that un-
wavelength that is minimally affected by the radiation-induced
changes of the solution inside the tube.
6. Influence quantities
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
6.1 Factors other than absorbed dose which influence the
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
dosimeter response are referred to as influence quantities and
5
Document produced by Working Group 1 of the Joint Committee for Guides in
are discussed in the following sections. Examples of such
Metrology (JCGM WG1). Available free of charge at the BIPM website (http://
www.bipm.org).
6
Document produced by Working Group 2 of the Joint Committee for Guides in
7
Metrology (JCGM WG2). Available free of charge at the BIPM website (http:// The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the bibliography at the end of this
www.bipm.org). practice.
© ISO/ASTM International 2022 – All rights reserved
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ISO/ASTM 51310:2022(E)
factors are temperature and dose rate. An in-situ calibration 6.3.6 Radiation Energy—the dosimeter response is depen-
may help to account for the influence quantities and reduce dent upon the radiation energy and the dosimeters shall be
irradiated for calibration under the conditions of use.
their associated uncertainty along with batch to batch varia-
tions. (See ISO/ASTM Guide 52701.)
6.4 Post-Irradiation Conditions:
6.4.1 Time—the time between irradiation and dosimeter
6.2 Pre-Irradiation Conditions:
reading shall be standardized and should conform to the
6.2.1 Time Since Manufacture—The initial absorbance and
manufacturer’s recommendations.
response variation tends to increase with time and may affect
the shelf-life. Storing the dosimeters in a refrigerator (about
NOTE 4—Some types of dosimeters may fade or may continue color
development after irradiation. This effect may depend on post-irradiation
4 °C) helps minimize these effects. See manufacturer’s recom-
storage conditions such as temperature. In order to determine if this is
mendations. It is recommended that users carry out perfor-
significant in a given application, measure the absorbance at the selected
mance verification of pre-irradiation absorbance and post-
wavelength(s) over the period of anticipated analysis and over the range
irradiation response stability over the useful life of the
of expected storage conditions. If the net response measured varies
dosimeter batch. Regular verification of the calibration may be significantly with post-irra
...